Guzman 1853 words College Essay Example

main command and control center was situated in Agua Prieta, Sonora. Following Felix Gallardo's arrest, Guzman assumed control over the entire Sinaloa Cartel.

[2][8] Guzman is wanted by the governments of Mexico and the United States and by interpol. However, he has successfully evaded capture operations until now. [edit] MethamphetamineAfter the downfall of the Amezcua brothers, who were the founders of the Colima Cartel, in 1998 for their involvement in the trafficking of methamphetamine, there arose a need for someone to lead and coordinate the shipment of methamphetamine to the north of Mexico. Guzman spotted this opportunity and capitalized on it. [2] With ease, Guzman and Ismael Zambada Garcia ("El Mayo") were able to organize precursor shipments by utilizing their existing connections along Mexico's Pacific coast.

For the first time, the Colombians no longer needed to be paid as they began combining methamphetamine with cocaine shipments. This eliminated the need for additional funds for planes, pilots, boats, and bribes. Instead, they utilized the existing infrastructure to transport the new product. Previously, the Sinaloa Cartel was a collaboration between Guzman and Ismael Zambada Garcia. However, Guzman would now operate solely in the methamphetamine business. To import the necessary precursor chemicals, he established his own connections with China, Thailand, and India. Guzman swiftly expanded his organization by constructing large methamphetamine laboratories in the mountains of Sinaloa, Durango, Jalisco, Michoacan, and Nayarit.

[2] By constantly moving and establishing connections across the country, he managed to expand his business operations into 17 out of 31 Mexican states. In order to maintain his position as the top boss, he appointed his trusted friend Ignacio "Nacho" Coronel Villarreal to oversee the production of methamphetamine.

Coronel Villarreal proved himself to be extremely reliable in Guzman's organization, earning him the nickname 'the Crystal King'. [edit] Following his escape from prison, Guzman targeted the Ciudad Juarez crossing points, controlled by the Carrillo Fuentes family of the Juarez Cartel. Despite mutual mistrust, the Sinaloa and Juarez cartels formed an alliance during this period.

In Monterrey, a meeting was held involving He, Ismael Zambada Garcia ("El Mayo"), Juan Jose Esparragoza Moreno ("El Azul"), and one of the Beltran Levya brothers. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the assassination of Rodolfo Carrillo Fuentes, who was the leader of the Juarez Cartel. On September 11, 2004, Rodolfo, along with his wife and two young children, were at a shopping mall in Culiacan. As they were leaving the mall, they were ambushed by members of Los Negros, who were affiliated with the Sinaloa Cartel. During this ambush, both Rodolfo and his wife were killed while their police escort Pedro Perez Lopez managed to survive. This incident led to a change in control over the area from the Carrillo Fuentes family and turned Monterrey into a battleground for rival cartels competing for dominance. As a result of this surge in violence and homicides, an ongoing drug war has taken place since December 2006 which has claimed over 35,000 lives.

Arrest and escapeGuzman was arrested in Guatemala on June 9, 1993,[10], then extradited to Mexico and given a 20-year, 9-month prison sentence for drug trafficking, criminal association, and bribery. He was imprisoned in the high-security La Palma (now 'Altiplano') prison. On November 22, 1995, he was moved to the maximum security Puente Grande prison in Jalisco, Mexico, after being

found guilty of three crimes: possession of firearms, drug trafficking, and the murder of Cardinal Juan Jesus Posadas Ocampo (later dismissed by another judge). He was tried and sentenced at the federal prison near Almoloya de Juarez, Mexico State, without a jury present - a common practice in Mexico where jury trials are infrequent.

[2] According to the police, Guzman meticulously orchestrated his escape plan and exerted influence over almost everyone in the prison, including the director. He purportedly had the prison guards on his payroll, managed to bring forbidden items into the facility, and received preferential treatment from the staff. Alongside the complicity of prison employees, authorities in Jalisco were bribed to ensure that he had a minimum of 24 hours to escape the state and elude the pursuing military. The guards who were being bribed were told that Joaquin was smuggling gold out of the prison, which he allegedly extracted from rock at the inmate workshop. The estimated cost of his escape amounted to $2.5 million.

After a ruling by the Supreme Court of Mexico that made extradition between Mexico and the United States easier, Guzman bribed several guards to assist in his escape. On January 19, 2001, Francisco "El Chito" Camberos Rivera opened Guzman's electronically operated cell door, allowing Guzman to hide in a laundry cart. Camberos then maneuvered the cart through multiple doors before making their way out the front door. Guzman was later transported in the trunk of a car driven by Camberos as they left the town. At a gas station, Camberos briefly went inside, giving Guzman the opportunity to flee on foot into the night. According to officials, a total

of seventy-eight individuals have been implicated in this elaborate escape plan.

Raids: In the subsequent manhunt, authorities apprehended numerous associates of Guzman in Reynosa, Puebla, Toluca, and Mexico City. The states of Sinaloa and Nayarit also witnessed a string of arrests. During that summer, Esteban Quintero Mariscal, a hired assassin and Guzman's cousin, was apprehended and imprisoned in Cefereso No. 1, Mexico's most secure penitentiary. The following day, El Chito, the prison guard primarily responsible for aiding Guzman's escape, was captured and incarcerated in Reclusorio Preventivo Oriente in Mexico City. On September 7, 2001, authorities conducted a raid on a stash house located in the Iztapalapa neighborhood of eastern Mexico City.

Federal agents pursued three individuals who fled from a residence until they reached Taxquena in the southern region of the city. One of those apprehended was Arturo "El Pollo" Guzman Loera, the younger brother of Guzman. It is reported that Guzman contemplated taking his own life following his apprehension. Arturo's location was disclosed to authorities by Quintero Mariscal. [2] In November 2001, military intelligence determined Guzman's whereabouts to be somewhere between the cities of Puebla and Cuernavaca, leading to the capture of Miguel Angel Trillo Hernandez. Trillo had aided Guzman in evading authorities after his escape from Puente Grande by renting properties for him to seek refuge in. Authorities subsequently discovered that Guzman was hiding on a ranch outside Sante Fe, Nayarit.

Mexican military deployed helicopters to enclose the area, but Ismael "El Mayo" Zambada provided his own helicopter for Guzman's escape into the Sierra. Despite successfully apprehending others involved in Guzman's escape, including some of his key logistics and security personnel, the extensive manhunt

conducted by military and federal police failed to capture Guzman. After escaping, he became Mexico's most wanted person. On December 20, 2005, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration offered a $5 million reward for any information leading to Guzman's arrest and prosecution. In March 2008, the government of Guatemala reported a possible shootout involving ten gunmen affiliated with Guzman's organization on their soil.

Three days later, the government of Honduras initiated an investigation into whether he was hiding in their country. On April 18, 2009, Archbishop Hector Gonzalez of the Roman Catholic Church disclosed that the notorious drug trafficker was residing nearby and that this information was known to everyone except the authorities. Subsequently, two military officers were discovered deceased near a vehicle with multiple bullet holes in the same vicinity where the archbishop claimed Guzman resided. It is believed that these officers, disguised as civilians, were undercover agents who were abducted and executed in Cienega de Escobar, a remote village. A message left near their bodies conveyed that "El Chapo" would never be captured by anyone – not even priests or the government.

Regarding his personal life, El Chapo entered matrimony with Alejandrina Maria Salazar Hernandez in a small ceremony held in Jesus Maria, Sinaloa back in 1977.

Alejandrina Guzman and Griselda Lopez Perez were both married to Guzman. With Alejandrina, he had three children: Cesar, Ivan Archivaldo, and Jesus Alfredo. They resided in a ranch home located in Jesus Maria. In the mid-1980s, Guzman entered into another marriage with Griselda Lopez Perez and together they had four additional children: Edgar, Joaquin, Ovidio, and Griselda Guadalupe. [2] Furthermore,Guzman's sons also became involved in his drug business. However,on February

15, 2005,Ivan Archivaldo was apprehended in the city of Guadalajara,Mexico.

In April 2008, a Mexican federal judge declared the absence of evidence in his case, leading to his release from a federal prison after serving a 5-year sentence. In June 2005, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) apprehended his brother, two nephews, and a niece. Furthermore, nine houses and six vehicles were confiscated during the operation.

Several cities in the United States, such as Chicago, Los Angeles, and Oakland, witnessed multiple arrests. Guzman, who has connections to the late Pedro Aviles Perez (one of the original founders of the Sinaloa drug cartel), entered a restaurant named "Paseo Colon" in Nuevo Laredo with his bodyguards. Once they were seated, Guzman's security team collected cell phones from approximately thirty customers and reassured them to avoid causing any panic.

The gangsters finished their meal and departed, generously covering the expenses for everyone else at the restaurant. [16][17] In Canelas, Durango, Mexico, in November 2007, Guzman married Emma Coronel Aispuro, an 18-year-old. [18][19] It was during the same month that Guzman supposedly replicated his previous restaurant appearance in Nuevo Laredo, except this time in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico. [17]