Grammar Unit 1 to Unit 2B.2 – Italian – Flashcards
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masculine nouns end in ____
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o
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feminine nouns end in ______
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a
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automobile and notte end in e but are ______________
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feminine
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esame and risorante end in e but are ___________
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masculine
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Nouns that end in a constant or ore are ____________
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masculine
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Nouns that end in ione are _______________
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feminine
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To form a plural noun, o becomes ______
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i
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To form a plural noun, a becomes ______
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e
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To form a plural noun, e becomes ______
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i
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plural of ragazzo
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ragazzi
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plural of ristorante
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ristoranti
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plural of donna
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donne
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when referring to an all male group or a mixed group of males and females, use the masculine plural form ____________
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gli
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plural of albergo
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alberghi
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plural of amica
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amiche
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plural of foto
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foto
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plural of autobus
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autobus
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the indefinite article (a) for a masculine noun starting in z or s +consonant (ie. a studente)
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uno
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the indefinite article for a masculine noun starting in a vowel or other consonants (ie. a uomo)
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un
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the indefinite article for a feminine noun starting in a vowel (ie. an idea)
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un'
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the indefinite article for a feminine noun starting in a consonant (ie. a citta)
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una
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a singular masculine words starting with a vowel (autore)
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l'
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a plural masculine words starting with a vowel or s+z (autori, sport)
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gli
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a singular masculine words starting with a s + z + consonant (sport)
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lo
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a singular masculine words starting with other consonants (libro)
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il
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a plural masculine words starting with other consonants (libri)
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i
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a plural feminine word (amiche, case)
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le
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a singular feminine word starting with a vowel (amica)
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l'
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what is the indefinite article (the) before a singular feminine word starting with a consonant (casa)
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la
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1
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uno
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2
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due
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3
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tre
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4
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quattro
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5
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cinque
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6
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sei
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7
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sette
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8
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otto
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9
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nove
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10
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dieci
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11
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undici
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12
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dodici
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13
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tredici
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14
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quattordici
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15
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quindici
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16
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sedici
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17
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diciassette
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18
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diciotto
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19
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diciannove
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20
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venti
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30
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trenta
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40
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quaranta
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50
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cinquanta
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60
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sessanta
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70
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settanta
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80
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ottanta
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90
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novanta
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100
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cento
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in Italian the number uno, changes to agree with the noun it proceeds. ex. one pencil
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una matita
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numbers that end in uno may drop the ____ before plural nouns (ex. ottantun amiche)
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o
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there is (singular)
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c'è
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there are (plural)
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ci sono
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to ask how many, use __________ with masculine plural nouns and ________________ with feminine plural nouns
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quanti, quante
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to say many or a lot, use __________ with masculine plural nouns and ________________ with feminine plural nouns
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molti, molte
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use __________ to make c'è and ci sono negative
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non
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________ draws attention to the presence of an object or person (*there are* the people!)
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ecco
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subject pronoun of I
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io
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subject pronoun of you
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tu
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subject pronoun of you formal
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Lei
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subject pronoun of he
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lui
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subject pronoun of she
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lei
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subject pronoun of we
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noi
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subject pronoun of you all
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voi
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subject pronoun of you all formal
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Loro
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subject pronoun of they
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loro
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The subject pronoun (ie. io) is not capitalized - true or false
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true
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to be
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essere
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i am
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io sono
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you are
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tu sei
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you are (formal)
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Lei è
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he/she is
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lui/lei è
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we are
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noi siamo
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you all are
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voi siete
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they are
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loro sono
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good used when describing the quality of something
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buono
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good used when describing someone who is talented
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bravo
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use the verb ______________ with number to tell time
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essere
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what time is it?
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Che ora è?
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it is midnight
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è mezzanotte
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it is noon
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è mezzogiorno
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it is one
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è l'una
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to express all regular hours (ie 6pm) use ________ ______ + (number)
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sono le
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it is 6
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sono le sei
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to express minutes from the hour to the half hour, use ______ to express minutes from the half hour to the next hour, subtract the minutes from that hour using ________
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e, meno
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quarter past
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un quarto ( or quindici)
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quarter to
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meno un quarto
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half hour
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mezzo, trenta
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4:05
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sono le quattro e cinque
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2:50
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sono le tre meno dieci
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in the morning
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di mattina
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in the afternoon
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del pomeriggio
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in the evening
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di sera
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at night
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di notte
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what time?
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a che ora?
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monday
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lunedì
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tuesday
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martedì
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wednesday
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mercoledì
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thursday
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giovedì
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friday
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venerdì
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saturday
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sabato
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sunday
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domenica
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to express a recurring event use the singular _________ _______ before the day
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definite article
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is auto feminine or masculine
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feminine
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you add h to the plural form when the word ends in ___, ____, ______, _____
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co ca go ga
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plural of amico
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amici
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plural of uomi
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uomini
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to form the ending of are verbs drop the are and add ______ io
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o
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to form the ending of are verbs drop the are and add ______ tu
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i
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to form the ending of are verbs drop the are and add ______ Lei, lui, lei
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a
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to form the ending of are verbs drop the are and add ______ noi
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iamo
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to form the ending of are verbs drop the are and add ______ voi
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ate
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to form the ending of are verbs drop the are and add ____ loro
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ano
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are verbs that end in c or g require a spelling change in the ______ and _______ forms. You must add an h in order to maintain the sound.
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tu noi
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i go
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io vado
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you go
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tu vai
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he/she go
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lui/lei va
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we go
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noi andiamo
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you go (plural)
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voi andate
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they go
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loro vanno
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i give
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io do
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you give
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tu dai
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he/she give
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lui/lei dà
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we give
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noi diamo
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you give (plural)
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voi date
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they give
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loro danno
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to take an exam
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dare un esame
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to lend a hand
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dare una mano
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i make / do
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io faccio
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you make / do
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tu fai
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he/she make / do
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lui/lei fa
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we make / do
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noi facciamo
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you make / do (plural)
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voi fate
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they make / do
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loro fanno
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to pay attention
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fare attenzione
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i stay / am
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io sto
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you stay / are
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tu stai
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he/she stay / is
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lui/lei sta
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we stay / are
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noi stiamo
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you stay / are (plural)
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voi state
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they stay / are
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loro stanno
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use the verb ______ to inquire about health, tell someone to pay attention, tell someone to stay quiet
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stare
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i have
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io ho
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you have
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tu hai
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he/she have
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lui/lei ha
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we have
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noi abbiamo
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you have (plural)
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voi avete
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they have
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loro hanno
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to be years old
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avere anni
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to feel hot/cold
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avere caldo/freddo
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always
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sempre
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often
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spesso
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ever
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mai
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never
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non mai
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to conjugate a regular ere verb remove ere and add _____ io
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o
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to conjugate a regular ere verb remove ere and add _____ tu
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i
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to conjugate a regular ere verb remove ere and add _____ Lei/lui/lei
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e
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to conjugate a regular ere verb remove ere and add _____ noi
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iamo
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to conjugate a regular ere verb remove ere and add _____ voi
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ete
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to conjugate a regular ere verb remove ere and add _____ loro
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ono
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to make a decision
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prendere una decisione
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use ________ to ask for things
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chiede
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to express a like or dislike for things use the verb __________
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piacere
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i like + singular noun/verb
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mi piace
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you like + singular noun/verb
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ti piace
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you formal like + singular noun/verb
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Le piace
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he like + singular noun/verb
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gli piace
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she like + singular noun/verb
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le piace
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we like + singular noun/verb
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ci piace
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you (plural) like + singular noun/verb
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vi piace
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they like + singular noun/verb
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gli piace
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i like + plural noun
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mi piacciono
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you like + plural noun
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ti piacciono
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you formal like + plural noun
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le piacciono
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he like + plural noun
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gli piacciono
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she like + plural noun
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le piacciono
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we like + plural noun
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ci piacciono
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you plural like + plural noun
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vi piacciono
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they like + plural noun
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gli piacciono
