grammar 1 – Italian – Flashcards

person, place or thing

nouns modified by another noun or adjective ex. toothpaste

a name of a person place or organization spelled with initial capital letters

a name which the singular denotes a collection

a word that can function as a noun that refers to a participant

a word for which the pronoun stands; the pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number

describing an action, state or occurrence; forming the main part of the sentence

verb expressing physical or mental action

verb that connects a subject with a noun or adjective that is the subject ex. am, is, are, was, were, being, been

a verb that takes a direct object ; done to someone or something

an action verb; will not have a direct object receiving the action

the portion of a sentence that contains both the verb and either a direct or indirect object (the verb's dependents)

A verb that follows standard patterns in its inflection. The past tense of a regular verb is formed by adding an -ed ending: walk, walked; shout, shouted.

any verb whose past tense and past participle are not formed by adding -ed, -d, or -t to the present tense, a verb that does not follow the general rules of inflection

any member of a class of words that modify nouns and pronouns, primarily by describing a particular quality of the word they are modifying, as wise in a wise grandmother

an adjective that is formed from a proper noun and that is usually capitalized in English (i.e., "Italian paintings")

formed when two or more adjectives are joined together to modify the same noun. These terms should be hyphenated to avoid confusion or ambiguity (i.e., 2-page report)

a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc. (e.g., gently, quite, then, there).

any member of a class of words found in many languages that are used before nouns, pronouns, or other substantives to form phrases functioning as modifiers of verbs, nouns, or adjectives, and that typically express a spatial, temporal, or other relationship, as in, on, by, to, since.

a phrase consisting of a preposition, its object, which is usually a noun or a pronoun, and any modifiers of the object, as in the gray desk I use.

a conjunction that connects two grammatical elements of identical construction, as and in Sue and Andrea or or in He can't decide if he should stay or go.

either member of a matched pair of words, of which the second is a coordinating conjunction, as either ... or, neither ... nor, both ... and, or not only ... but.

any member of a class of words expressing emotion, distinguished in most languages by their use in grammatical isolation, as Hey! Oh! Ouch! Ugh!

a grammatical unit of one or more words that expresses an independent statement, question, request, command, exclamation, etc., and that typically has a subject as well as a predicate, as in John is here. or Is John here?

person or thing that is being discussed, described, or dealt with: "I've said all there is to be said on the subject"

state, affirm, or assert (something) about the subject of a sentence or an argument of proposition: "a word that predicates something about its subject"

a phrase or clause written as a sentence but lacking an element, as a subject or verb, that would enable it to function as an independent sentence in normative written English.

a thing that completes or brings to perfection: "the libretto proved a perfect complement to the music"

a noun phrase denoting a person or thing that is the recipient of the action of a transitive verb, for example the dog in Jimmy fed the dog.

a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase that occurs in addition to a direct object after some verbs and indicates the person or thing that receives what is being given or done : the person or thing that the action of a verb is performed for or directed to <In the sentences "She bought him a present,"

(also called a predicate noun) is a word or group of words that completes a linking verb and renames the subject.

an adjective used in the predicate, especially with a copulative verb and attributive to the subject, as in He is dead, or attributive to the direct object, as in It made him sick.

a word or phrase in apposition.

a word formed from a verb (e.g., going, gone, being, been) and used as an adjective (e.g., working woman, burned toast) or a noun (e.g., good breeding). In English, participles are also used to make compound verb forms (e.g., is going, has been).

a form that is derived from a verb but that functions as a noun, in English ending in -ing, e.g., asking in do you mind my asking you?

will begin with a gerund, an ing word, and will include other modifiers and/or objects. always function as nouns, so they will be subjects, subject complements, or objects in the sentence. (i.e., Eating ice cream on a windy day can be a messy experience if you have long, untamed hair)

a free-standing (absolute) part of a sentence that describes the main subject and verb. It is usually at the beginning or end of the sentence, although it can also appear in the middle. Its parallel is the ablative absolute in Latin or the genitive absolute in Greek.

a group of words made up of a subject and a predicate. Unlike a dependent clause, an independent clause is grammatically complete—that is, it can stand alone as a sentence. An independent clause is also known as a main clause or a superordinate clause.

a clause that modifies the principal clause or some part of it or that serves a noun function in the principal clause, as when she arrived in the sentence I was there when she arrived or that she has arrived in the sentence I doubt that she has arrived.

the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb "`The ball was thrown by the boy' uses the passive voice"; "`The ball was thrown' is an abbreviated passive"

One of the two "voices" of verbs (see also passive voice). When the verb of a sentence is in the active voice, the subject is doing the acting, as in the sentence "Kevin hit the ball." Kevin (the subject of the sentence) acts in relation to the ball.

the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities:

the act of persuading or seeking to persuade. -logical appeal: Your arguments convince people because they are logical. They make sense to people. For example: "If we build bridges over freeways, the traffic will flow without interruption. The time taken for each vehicle getting to the city will be shorter." -emotional appea: you try to convince people by working up their feelings. For example: "Unless we build bridges over freeways, there will be chaos." -bandwagon: a party, cause, movement, etc., that by its mass appeal or strength readily attracts many followers: After it became apparent that the incumbent would win, everyone decided to jump on the bandwagon. -testimonial: a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications. -compare/contrast:pertaining to a written exercise about the similarities and differences between two or more people, places, or things -expert opinions: The definition of expert is someone who is very skillful or has advanced training and knowledge in a particular area or field. -repetition: the action of repeating something that has already been said or written: "her comments are worthy of repetition" -transfer: an act of moving something or someone to another place: "a transfer of wealth to the poorer nations"

a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g., as brave as a lion, crazy like a fox).

a comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem. It is often comprised of more than one sentence and sometimes consists of a full paragraph.

the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.

visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work: "Tennyson uses imagery to create a lyrical emotion"

the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect: ""Don't go overboard with the gratitude," he rejoined with heavy irony" synonyms: sarcasm, causticity, cynicism, mockery, satire, ... moreantonyms: sincerity

a literary or dramatic character who undergoes an important inner change, as a change in personality or attitude: Ebeneezer Scrooge is a dynamic character.

the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.

in poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (e.g., penitence, reticence).

the formation of a word, as cuckoo, meow, honk, or boom,

a complete list of items, typically one in alphabetical or other systematic order, in particular:

agreement or compatibility between opinions or actions: "consonance between conservation measures and existing agricultural practice" synonyms: agreement, accord, harmony, unison, compatibility,

a grammatical term for arranging words of identical or equivalent syntactical constructions in corresponding clauses, phrases, lists, etc.

the use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence, to avoid repetition, such as do in I like it and so do they.

a modulation or inflection of the voice: "the measured cadences that he employed in the Senate" synonyms: intonation, modulation, lilt, accent, inflection

the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc.: "trust her to lower the tone of the conversation"

a pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it." synonyms: saying, maxim, axiom, adage, epigram

Plot, Author's Role in Plot, Plot Techniques, Conflict in Plot, Setting: Aspects of Setting, Mood or Atmosphere, Theme, Symbolism, Point of View, Characters, Irony, Other points to consider

a specified or stated manner of consideration or appraisal; standpoint: from the point of view of a doctor.