Geology Quiz 16 – Flashcards
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A dam and reservoir are constructed on a graded river. What will happen?
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deposition upstream from the dam; channel downcutting below
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The ________ describes the movement of water through Earth's hydrosphere.
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hydrologic cycle
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Which one of the following statements is true concerning natural levees?
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mostly fine sand and silt that build up during floods
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For a meandering stream, the majority of erosion occurs _____.
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at the outside of a bend
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Depositional landforms are created where energy of the stream __________.
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has decreased
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________ make up the suspended loads of most rivers and streams.
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Silt and clay-sized detrital grains
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Which of the following is the correct definition of stream gradient?
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the drop in elevation of a stream divided by the distance the water travels
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The lowest base level for most streams is sea level.
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True
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The term used by geologists for all water flowing in a channel is _____.
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stream
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Stream discharge is defined as the quantity of water flowing past a specific channel location per unit time.
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True
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Natural levees are constructed of machine-compacted sand and mud; artificial levees are made of concrete.
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False
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What is a floodplain?
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a flat surface next to a river channel
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What is a natural levee?
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a ridge of flood deposits next to a river channel
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How does the formation of a natural levee impact flooding?
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Natural levees raise the height of the stream channel, reducing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain.
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Point bars are depositional features located along the outer portions of meander bends.
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False
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________ is an abandoned, cutoff, meander loop.
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An oxbow
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How does urbanization (paving, etc.) affect runoff and infiltration in a small, previously forested, drainage basin?
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infiltration decreases; runoff increases
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________ are components of the hydrologic cycle that release water vapor directly to the atmosphere.
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Evaporation and transpiration
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What is the drop in water surface elevation divided by the distance the water flows?
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stream gradient
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Gradients usually decrease downstream in a major river system.
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True
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Where is erosion concentrated along a meandering stream?
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on the outer parts of the meander loops or bends
