Geography Exam 2 Practice Multiple Choice 2 – Flashcards

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question
Which body of water borders Europe to the north?
answer
Arctic Ocean
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Which of the following is the largest of the European peninsulas?
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Scandinavian Peninsula
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Which has the largest economy? European Union, non-EU countries in Europe, US, Russia or Germany
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European Union
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Less than 10% of Europeans work in this employment sector
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agriculture
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This has been the over-all result of the European Union?s policy toward agriculture
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a withdrawal from mixed farming in Europe
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This physiographic region has many of the most important coal fields within Europe.
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Central Plateaus
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Perhaps the most controversial program of the European Union relates to __________.
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agriculture
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The largest outlay of European Union funds is to __________.
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transportation
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The Pyrenees Mountains designate the border between France and __________.
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Spain
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Because of its long coastline and nearness to several large seas, Europe?s climates are __________.
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mild for its latitudinal range
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Mistral winds blow down the Rhône Valley in southern __________.
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France
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Besides the Black Death, what was the other factor halting the ?great medieval colonization??
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Little Ice Age
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Which country first developed polder landscape techniques?
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Netherlands
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Most important European cities of today began as settlements established by this group.
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Romans
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During what period did innovations in technology and business bring Europe into a new merchant capitalist economy?
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15th-16th century
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Spain and this country used gold and silver from the Americas to live well above their means during the colonial period.
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Portugal
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Which country was the first in over-sea expansions?
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Portugal
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Industrialization came to the coalfield areas of northern France, Belgium, and Germany during this time period.
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1850-1870
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After an unsuccessful initiative program, this became the goal of COMECON
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mutual trade among the Soviet bloc
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Which country was expelled from the Soviet bloc due to ideological differences?
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Yugoslavia
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This is the best reason why Europe?s population is growing so slowly at present.
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decline in birthrates
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Europe?s population is approximately this percentage over 65 years of age.
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17%
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Which of these countries never had a Communist government? Italy, Spain, Greece, UK or none.
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None
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Karl Marx?s criticism of industrial capitalism was mainly based on contemporary conditions in what country?
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England
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Most European migrants over previous centuries have gone to this destination.
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The Americas
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Which of these countries never had a Communist government? France, Bulgaria, Albania, Poland, Ukraine
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France
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What is the predominant religion in southern Europe?
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Roman Catholicism
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This is perhaps the major advantage of former Comecon members.
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cheap land and labor
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Within Europe, Germanic languages are mostly spoken in this region.
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Northwestern Europe
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After World War I, these countries lost territories, which would become Yugoslavia.
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Hungary and Austria
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Which of the following has made the fastest integration into the European economy?
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Hungary
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This Yugoslavian leader is credited with unifying his country?s multi-ethnic society.
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Marshall Tito
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Which of the following has made the best integration into the European economy?
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Slovenia
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All of these are major cities of Europe?s ?Golden Triangle? except __________. A) London B) Rome C) Paris D) Berlin E) None of these are in the ?Golden Triangle.?
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Rome
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All of these were original members of the European Community, except __________. A) France B) Italy C) Belgium D) United Kingdom E) Netherlands
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United Kingdom
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The Randstad, a densely populated, highly urbanized region, is located in this country.
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the Netherlands
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Which treaty granted the European Union most of the major functions of a sovereign national state?
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Maastricht Treaty
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After World War II, this German city was divided between two countries, one under democratic rule, the other under Communist rule.
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Berlin
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This is the best estimate of Europe?s contribution to the world?s aggregate GNP.
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33%
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London is located on this river.
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Thames
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Paris is located on this river
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Seine
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This is the largest city in France.
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Paris
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What is another term for the slash and burn agricultural system?
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Swidden
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The ?Southern Crescent? of Europe includes all these cities, except __________.
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Paris
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This was the predominant economic system in Europe before 1500.
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feudalism
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This Italian city has a disproportionate share of national income (28%) for its population (7%).
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Milan
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When was the Marshall Plan instituted?
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World War II
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The Mediterranean region of Europe is characterized by __________. A) a summer drought B) mild winters C) frequent earthquakes D) all of these E) none of these
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a summer drought, mild winters, and frequent earthquakes
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Which of the following is defined as a national economy in which all aspects of production are centrally controlled by government agencies?
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command economy
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This was a forward-looking view of the world that emphasized reason, scientific rationality, creativity, novelty, and progress.
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modernity
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What is ?Balkanization??
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the division of a territory into smaller and often mutually hostile political units
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Which of the following led to attempts at ethnic cleansing in the late 20th century? Croat Nationalism, Muslim Nationalism, Serbian Nationalism, Basque Nationalism
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Serbian nationalism
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What does the German word gastarbeiter mean?
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guest worker
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A central business district is a central nucleus within a city, with mostly this kind of land use.
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commercial
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What is the single most dominant feature of the Nordic European landscape?
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forests
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This is a semiarid, treeless, grassland plain.
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Steppe
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This is the Eternal City.
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Rome
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The western coastal formation of North America sits along the fault line of two active crustal plates, the __________ and the Juan de Fuca plate.
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Pacific Plate
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When did Canada separate from Great Britain?
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1867
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This U.S. government policy states that European military interference in the Western Hemisphere, including the Caribbean and Latin America, would no longer be acceptable.
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The Monroe Doctrine
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The war with Mexico in 1846 resulted in the annexation of __________.
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Texas
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The U.S. won the Spanish-American War, thus ending Spanish rule in __________.
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Cuba and the Philippines
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Most Canadians live:
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within 200 miles of the border with the U.S.
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What was the purpose of the North America Act of 1867?
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creation of the Dominion of Canada
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__________ is the capital of Canada
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Ottawa
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This is the largest religious group within the United States.
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Roman Catholics
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Effectively, the Johnson-Reed Immigration Act of 1924 was targeted at __________, as they then made up most of the migrant population to the U.S.
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Southern and Eastern Europeans
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Approximately half of current migrants to Canada come from:
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Asia
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This is the largest Canadian city on the Pacific coast.
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Vancouver
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This is the largest landowner in the ?New West?.
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the federal government
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Which of the following is more stationary? Canadian Plate, North American Plate, Pacific Plate, Juan de Fuca Plate, none
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North American Plate
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Why was Hurricane Katrina in 2005 different and far more destructive than most Gulf Coast storms ? A) the high population density in southern Louisiana and Mississippi B) the dependence of New Orleans on levees to protect areas below sea level C) widespread flooding D) the historic intensity of the storm E) all of these
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all of these
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In response to Katrina in 2005, over __________ were evacuated and over __________ deaths occurred.
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1,000,000/1,500
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A recent estimate of the population of the city of New Orleans since 2005 indicates that the population has been reduced by this percent.
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64%
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_________ is a formerly glaciated landscape that contains fertile soils and an abundance of lakes and rivers
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The Interior Lowlands
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On the North American continent, the jet stream brings __________ to most of the continent in the winter.
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precipitation
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The first inhabitants of North America probably originated in what is today northern __________ and __________.
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China/Siberia
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Columbus thought he had arrived in __________, however he actually had arrived in the Caribbean.
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the Far East
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In both Canada and the U.S., __________ was far and away the most influential of the four colonial powers.
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Great Britain
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Although its inhabitants have diverse origins, North America is considered Europeanized because of the predominance of: A) European languages B) Christianity C) both of these D) neither of these E) North America is not considered to be Europeanized.
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European language and Christianity
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After the Seven Years War, the __________ for the most part dominated the European-inhabited territory of North America.
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British
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In 1916, the U.S. bought the Virgin Islands from __________.
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Denmark
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Most Canadians are of:
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British ancestry
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The largest religious denomination in Canada is __________.
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Roman Catholicism
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The __________ wave of immigration to North America was dominated by large numbers of Irish and German.
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first
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The __________ imposed quotas on the numbers of new immigrants who would be allowed to enter the U.S.
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Johnson-Reed Act
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By 1990, __________ had become the largest source region of immigrants to the U.S.
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Mexico
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Approximately how far from the mainland of the United States is Hawaii?
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2000 miles
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Most Canadians live:
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within 200 miles of the border with the U.S.
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Evidence exists that Inuits had trading relations with Norse settlers as early as the __________ century A.D.
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10th
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A high estimate of the number of Native Americans in the U.S. and Canada when the first Europeans arrived is:
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18 million
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Over half of Canadian exports go to:
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the United States
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The last of the original colonial possessions to join the Canadian federation in 1949 was:
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Newfoundland
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The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine provided a justification for:
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intervention in Latin American politics
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About 25% of Canada?s population is of __________ ancestry.
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French
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Most of the Jewish migrants to the U.S. at the turn of the 19th century were from:
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Eastern Europe and Russia
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Proposition 227 in California in 1998 was intended to prevent:
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bilingual education in public schools in California
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From 1860 to 1920, the predominant migration pattern WITHIN the U.S. was:
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rural to urban
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Between the end of WW II and the early 1980s, the Sunbelt experienced a population increase of nearly:
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98%
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What is defined as the withdrawal of investments from activities (and regions) that yield low rates of profit, in order to reinvest in new activities (and new places)?
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Creative Destruction
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The best estimate of the proportion of Americans living in poverty in 2002 is:
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1 in 10
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Approximately what percentage of Americans have some access to the Internet?
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50%
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If this state were a country, it would have the sixth largest GNP in the world.
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California
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Which of these cities is not located in ?Cascadia?? Los Angeles, Vancover, Seattle, Portland or none
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Los Angeles
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This is the newest territorial division within Canada, occupied by about 20,000 people, mostly Native Americans.
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Nunavut
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A federal state is a form of government in which power is allocated to __________.
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units of local government within the country
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When did the federal government begin playing a more active and direct role in the American economic and social life?
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Late 19th century
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In the mining districts of the Bolivian and Peruvian Andes, what was the most important mineral excavated during the colonial period?
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Silver
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All of these are shared characteristics of most Latin American countries, except __________. A) common experience of colonialism B) dominance of the Spanish and Portuguese languages C) religion (Roman Catholicism) D) legal and political institutions E) All of these are shared characteristics.
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All
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The Panama Canal joins what two water bodies?
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the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean
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When did Panama become independent of Colombia?
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1903
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Which of these was a provision of the Hay/Bunau-Varilla Treaty between Panama and the U.S.? A) Panama conceded rights to the United States in the Panama Canal Zone "as if it were sovereign.? B) The United States could build a canal in the Zone. C) The United States could administer, fortify, and defend the Canal Zone "in perpetuity." D) It provided all of these E) It provided none of these
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All
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When did Panama regain control of the Panama Canal?
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1999
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Who was the Panamanian leader implicated in drug trafficking? Manueal Noriega, Fidel Castro, Jean Netrand Asistide, Hugo Chavez, Augusto Pinochet
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Manuel Noriega
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Where is Lake Maracaibo located?
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Venezula
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Volcanic eruptions in the 1990s on this island forced the evacuation of more than two -thirds of the island?s population.
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Montserrat
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The 1985 earthquake in __________ killed as many as 10,000 people and devastated downtown buildings.
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Mexico City
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Why is Mexico City especially vulnerable to earthquakes?
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It is built on a former lake bed
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What is the name of the Mexican government?s oil company?
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PEMEX
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What is the main fossil fuel resource in the Amazon, where this resource was discovered in 1967?
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oil
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Where are the major deposits of natural gas located in Peru and Bolivia?
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east of the Andes
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Where is the Atacama Desert located?
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on the Pacific coast of South America
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Where is the Tierra Templada located?
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anywhere between 2950 feet and 5900 feet above sea level
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What Latin American country was affected the most by Hurricane Mitch in late October 1998?
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Honduras
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Which of these is(are) associated with ?El Nino?? A) the ocean warms off the coast of Peru B) heavy rain and flooding along the Peruvian coast C) drought in northeast Brazil D) floods on the Parana River E) all of these
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all
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When were wild plants and animals domesticated by native Latin Americans into cultivated or tamed forms through selective breeding for preferred characteristics?
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10,000 years ago
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The Mayan culture reached its peak of development during this time period.
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600 B.C. to A.D. 800
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Machu Picchu is associated with what native Latin American culture?
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Inca
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Where is Iguaçu Falls located?
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on the Paraná River, where Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay meet
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What are seringuieros?
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local rubber trappers in the Amazon basin
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On what was the first ?boom? in Manaus, Brazil based?
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natural rubber
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Manaus is a port on what water body? the amazon river, Atlantic ocean, pacific ocean, orinoco river, or carribean sea
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the Amazon River
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In the 1970s, this Brazilian region was seen by the Brazilian government as a pressure valve for landless and impoverished peasants in other regions and as a way of securing national territory through settlement.
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the Amazon basin
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The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement made by Pope Alexander VI in 1494 to divide the world between __________ and __________ along a north—south line 1100 miles west of the Cape Verde Islands.
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Spain/Portugal
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This is the downside of tourism. A) pollution of oceans, reefs, and beaches by ships B) competition for fresh water and higher food prices for local residents C) cultural and social stresses from interactions between the wealthy visitors and poorer residents D) prostitution and drugs E) all of these
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all
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The __________ have been called Latin America's "lost decade" because of the slowdown in growth and deterioration in living standards that occurred during that decade.
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1980s
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Which of these is an example of a syncretic religious practice? A) Candomble B) Umbanda C) Voodoo D) Santeria E) They all are
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all
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Which of the following is(are) true of liberation theology? A) It focused on the poor and disadvantaged. B) It is informed by the perceived preference of Jesus for the poor and helpless. C) It was influence by the writings of Karl Marx and other revolutionaries. D) It was espoused by the Second Vatican Council, called by Pope John XXIII in 1962. E) All of these are true.
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all
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All of these countries are located in Central America, except __________.
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Paraguay
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All of these are ?Southern Cone? countries, except __________. Nicaragua, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile
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Nicaragua
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Most people in Latin America speak Spanish or __________.
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Portuguese
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This Caribbean island country is mostly French speakers
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Haiti
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All of these countries are mostly English speakers, except __________. A) Guyana B) Jamaica C) Belize D) Grenada E) They are all mostly English speakers.
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All
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This is the highest mountain in the Andes
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Aconcagua
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The Amazon basin makes up about 2/3 of this country.
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Brazil
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All of these are desert regions in South America, except __________. A) the Pantanal B) the Atacama C) Patagonia D) All of these are desert. E) None of these is desert
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Pantanal
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Which of these major river systems in South America flows into the Pacific Ocean? A) Amazon B) Orinoco C) Plata D) All of these flow into the Pacific Ocean E) None of these flow into the Pacific Ocean.
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none
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The trade winds are air movements from the tropics to the equator dragged by the spinning Earth into a/an __________ flow.
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east to west
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Which of the following brings heavy rains to southern Chile?
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Westerlies
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Which of the following altitudinal zones usually produces bananas?
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Tierra Caliente
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What area did the Incans occupy?
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Andes Mountains
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Which conquistador turned priest was concerned with rights of indigenous peoples during the colonial period?
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Bartolome de Las Casas
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Sugar grown on plantations in __________ and southern Mexico were important export commodities in Spanish colonial America.
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Cuba
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The silver mines at Potosi are now within __________. A) Chile B) Argentina C) Uruguay D) Colombia E) none of the above
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none
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Which of the following received independence later than the others listed in this question? A) Caribbean B) Central America C) South America D) Mexico E) They all gained independence at the same time.
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Caribbean
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Which of these regions is mostly covered with grasslands? A) llanos of Venezuela B) cerrados of Brazil C) pampas of Argentina D) They are all grasslands. E) None of these is grassland
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all
question
All of these are native South American plants, except __________. A) coffee B) coca C) tobacco D) potatoes E) All of these are native South American plants
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coffee
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Governments in Latin America have a bias in favor of __________ regions in providing services and investments.
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urban
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What term is used to define money that is sent back to Latin America and the Caribbean from people working temporarily or permanently in other countries?
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Remittances
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What is the dominant religion in Latin America?
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Catholic
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Columbus landed in October, 1492 in what is today __________.
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the Bahamas
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What was the ?Columbian Exchange??
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the interaction between the ecologies of two continents
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Which of these was introduced by the Europeans into Latin America after 1492? A) cattle B) horses C) sheep D) all of these E) none of these
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all
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This political party controlled the national government of Mexico for seven decades, until defeat in 2000.
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Institutional Revolutionary Party
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All of these countries have had socialist governments opposed by the United States, except __________. A) Guatemala B) Chile C) Nicaragua D) Peru E) All of these have had socialist governments opposed by the United States
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Peru
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This is the most likely addition to NAFTA.
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Chile
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The regions comprising Latin America and the Caribbean today had an estimated __________ people when the first Europeans arrived.
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50 million
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Peninsulares were Spanish colonials who __________.
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were born in Spain
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This was the center of administration of the vice-royalty of New Spain.
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Mexico City
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Who lived in ?Maroon communities??
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escaped and liberated slaves
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This is the only remaining European possession on the South American mainland.
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French Guiana
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What was ?The Demographic Collapse? in Latin America?
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the result of epidemics of diseases introduced by the Europeans
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In terms of native speakers, this Native American language is the largest in Latin America.
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Guarani
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The most serious criticism of the Green Revolution in Mexico was __________.
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loss of genetic diversity
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Altitudinal zonation is describing how climate changes with:
answer
elevation
question
This is the Mexican system of distributing communally held land to peasants, established after the Mexican revolution.
answer
Ejido
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