genetics test studyguide – Flashcards

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question
the study of how traits are (blanked) through the interactions of alleles.
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inherited
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when did the study of genetics start
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in the 1850's
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who was the first scientist to study and record how traits pass from one generation to the next.
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Gregor Mendel
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what was he considered?
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The father of genetics
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Passing traits from parent to offspring is referred to as what.
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heredity
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Mendel studied how traits are inherited through the mixing of genetic materials in what?
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pea plants
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he studied offspring that were given different genetic material for a trait from each parent, called what.
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hybrid
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these offspring expressed different traits that a gene may have, called what.
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alleles
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during his study, he discovered that the(blank) trait on an allele seemed to disappear when the plants were cross-pollinated.
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recessive
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At the same time, some traits seem to cover up other traits and he labeled these as what?
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dominant
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scientist now say when two alleles for a trait are the same, the organism is considered what?
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homozygous
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scientist have designed a grid with letters called what?
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punnett square
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the different ways alleles can combine is referred to as the organisms what?
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genotype
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how a organism looks is called what?
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phenotype
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some organisms are considered what?
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pure bred
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farmers and animal breeders genetically do what to their crops and animals?
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cross
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is it possible for two alleles to produce four phenotypes?
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no only three.
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how is a trait inherited with more than two alleles?
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multiple alleles
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name a sex linked genetic disorder
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color blindness
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name a homozygous recessive disorder
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cystic fibrosis
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Selective breeding is part of the science of
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genetics
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What uses biological and chemical methods to change the DNA sequence of genes?
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genetic engineering
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Genetic engineering can be accomplished in bacteria using
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recombinant DNA
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Gene therapy has shown promise
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in controling
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Many stores_______genetically engineered produce.
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label
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_______ involves placing a normal allele in a cell that has a mutation and hoping that the normal allele begins to function.
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Gene therapy
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Why do some people proffer to eat foods that are not genetically engineered?
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Because we don't know the potential long term problems.
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Identify a disease or disorder and explain how it might be controlled by genetic engineering.
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Cancer is a disease that might be controlled by genetic engineering by adding a type of gene into the person that stops the cancer.
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