General Psych Chapter 16 – Flashcards
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Clinical psychology
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The area of psychology that integrates science and theory to prevent and treat psychological disorders
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Psychotherapy
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A non medical process that helps individuals with psychological disorders recognize and overcome their problems
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Biological or biomedical therapies
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Treatments that reduce or eliminate the symptoms of psychological disorders by altering aspects of body functioning
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Empirically supported treatment
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An approach to treating psychological disorders that advocates making treatment decisions based on the body of research that has has shown which type of therapy works best
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Evidence based practice
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Integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of client characteristics, culture, and preferences
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Therapeutic alliance
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The relationship between the therapist and client - an important element of successful psychotherapy
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Psychodynamic therapies
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Treatments that stress the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretation by the therapist, and the role of early childhood experiences in the development of an individual's problems
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Psychoanalysis
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Freud's therapeutic technique for analyzing an individual's unconscious thoughts
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Dream analysis
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A psychoanalytic technique for interpreting a person's dreams
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Transference
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A client's relating to the psychoanalyst in ways that reproduce or relive important relationships in the individual's life
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Humanistic therapies
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Treatments, unique in their emphasis on people's self healing capacities, that encourage clients to understand themselves and to grow personally
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Client centered therapy
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A form of humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist provides a warm, supportive atmosphere to improve the clients self concept and to encourage the client to gain insight into problems; also called Rogerian therapy or nondirective therapy
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Reflective speech
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A technique in which the therapist mirrors the clients own feelings back to the client
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Behavior therapies
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Treatments, based on the behavioral and social cognitive theories of learning, that use principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior
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Systematic desensitization
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A method of behavior therapy that treats anxiety by the aching the client to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety producing situations
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Cognitive therapies
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Treatments emphasizing that cognitions (thoughts) are the main source of psychological problems and that attempt to change the individual's feelings and behaviors by changing cognitions
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Cognitive behavior therapy
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A therapy that combines cognitive therapy and behavior therapy with the goal of developing self efficacy
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Integrative therapy
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Use of a combination of techniques from different therapies based on the therapist's judgement of which particular methods will provide the greatest benefit for the client
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Anti anxiety drugs
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Drugs that reduce anxiety by making the individual calmer and less excitable; commonly known as tranquilizers
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Anti depressant drugs
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Drugs that regulate mood
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Lithium
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The lightest of the solid elements in the periodic table of elements, widely used to treat bipolar disorder
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Anti psychotic drugs
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Powerful drugs that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior, and produce better sleep patterns in individuals with a severe psychological disorder, especially schizophrenia
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Electroconvulsive therapy ECT
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A treatment, sometimes used for depression, that sets off a seizure in the brain; also called shock therapy
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Deep brain stimulation
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A procedure for treatment resistant depression that involves the implantation of electrodes in the brain that emit signals to alter the brain's electrical circuitry
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Psychosurgery
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A biological therapy, with irreversible effects, that involves removal or destruction of brain tissue to improve the individual's adjustment
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Group therapy
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A sociocultural approach to the treatment of psychological disorders that brings together individuals who share a particular psychological disorder in sessions that are typically led by a mental health professional
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Family therapy
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Group therapy with family members
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Couples therapy
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Group therapy with married or unmarried couples whose major problem lies within their relationship
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Cross cultural competence
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A therapist's assessment of his or her ability to manage cultural issues in therapy and the clients perception of those abilities
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Well being therapy WBT
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A short term, problem focused, directive therapy that encourages clients to accentuate the positive
