GE204 Final Exam: Chapters 8-14 – Flashcards

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Chapter 8
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Chapter 8
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According to the Modern Language Association (MLA), "The writer is one who writes, but the real writer is one who _____."
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revises
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_____ means to take a fresh look and rethink.
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revision
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_____ means to give in the same way that you hope to receive.
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reciprocal
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In addition to considering the words you have used, the _____ stage is also your chance to polish your text and make it as effective as possible.
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editing
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Proofreading and publishing are the _____ stage(s) in the writing process.
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final
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Please list two of the four suggested methods for revisiting a paper.
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Read your paper out load to yourself. / Read your draft several times. / Listen to someone else read your paper. / Get help from your classmates.
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Why is "I really liked your paper. It's really good," not an effective way to give feedback to a peer?
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This statement is not a clear way to give useful feedback on a paper. You must provide all sorts of good suggestions on how to make it more effective.
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When should editing and proofreading of your paper be done?
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It should be done after revising and before publishing.
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Please explain why this statement is false: having to rewrite means that you are a poor writer.
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Writing is discovery, and as you were drafting you may not have put down your best thoughts and ideas, or organized them very well, or even go them all down on paper. Revision can help you improve in many areas.
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What does publishing mean for student writers?
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For students writers, publishing means your paper is ready to submit to your instructor for a final grade.
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Chapter 9
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Chapter 9
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______ activities are brief bits of writing to get ideas/experiences onto paper.
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discovery
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A ______ approach to share an experience is when you tell about your experience in time order.
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sequential
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A ______ approach to share an experience is when you start where you are now and look back on the experience.
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reflective
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Two writing strategies often used to share an experience are _____ and ______.
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description / narration
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Using a comparative approach to share an experience would most likely start by noting that you are going to ____ experiences.
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compare and contrast
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Because a thesis statement to share an experience should summarize that experience---and not be argumentative or persuasive---please write an example thesis statement below.
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"I had a good experience when I..." / "I learned a lot during my senior year, playing football..."
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Please list at least three items that should appear on a revision checklist for sharing an experience.
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Title / Introduction with: thesis / Supporting paragraph with: topic sentence, supporting evidence, and transition / Visual aids / Conclusion that summarize main points and restates thesis
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Please explain how a topic is different from a thesis
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Your topic is the subject you are focusing on (your experience), while your thesis is a general point about your experience.
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Please explain why a shared experience paper does not need to be sad or emotional to be interesting.
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If an experience is important to you, then it also will be interesting to your readers---if you provide the right kind of description that helps them understand the experience, as well as being an interesting story, and also provide a narrative that keeps readers interested.
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You always want to start sharing an experience by keeping two things in mind. What are these things?
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You always start sharing an experience keeping your purpose and audience in mind.
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Chapter 10
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Chapter 10
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_____ writing is a kind of writing college students read all the time; college textbooks, as well as newspaper reports, are perfect examples of this style of writing.
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informational
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Informational texts are generally _____ when presenting their information: here is the information, and you the reader, get to decide what to do with it.
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neutral
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Listing, clustering, free writing, and brainstorming are examples _____ strategies.
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invention
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Almost always, a thesis statement should appear ______ of an information paper.
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at the start
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Considering the _____ is critical in information writing. You do not want to give them information they already know, but you do want to give them enough information so they can understand the subject you are writing about.
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audience
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Information texts are designed to do what?
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Informational texts are designed to provide us with information, and to explain that information in ways we can understand and sometimes can use.
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Please explain briefly why a movie review is not a suitable topic for informational writing.
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A movie review requires you to argue or to convince someone about a movie. An informational writing does not evaluate a product nor does it analyze something.
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Should you consider classmates as real readers of your text? Why?
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Yes, because classmates represent real readers who are responding to your ideas, so always take their suggestions and comments seriously.
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Once you have drafter your thesis statement at the beginning of the writing process, can it be changed? Please explain.
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Your thesis statement is not set in stone. It might change as you learn more about your topic throughout the writing process.
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Please explain how a visual aid might be useful for an informational paper about car engines.
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A visual aid (chart, graph, table, photograph, etc.) will help readers understand the information you are providing.
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Chapter 11
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Chapter 11
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Division is the first step of analysis and ______ is the second step.
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classifying
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Of the discovery/invention strategies, _____ is a particularly useful technique to use when beginning an analysis.
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listing
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While they are often confused, in an analysis paper the ____ is not the same thing as a thesis statement.
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topic
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When listing items in an analysis, _____ can be used as an alternative to bullets.
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numbers and letters
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Using numbers and letters in a list might create a ______ to "least important" design in an analysis.
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"most important"
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When writing to analyze, what is the writer's purpose?
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When you write to analyze your purpose is to understand the various aspects of your subject and then to explain.
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What are two ways to organize an analysis paper?
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From the Whole to its Parts: explain how the various parts work together, then explain each division or part of your subject. From the Parts to a Whole: show how it is divided into parts or pieces, and then explain how all of those pieces work together to create the subject itself.
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Please explain why setting the draft aside for a day or longer, and then rereading it is a helpful revision strategy.
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By setting aside your draft for a day or longer and then rereading helps refresh and clear your mind, preparing yourself to create new and stronger details.
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Why might using bullet points be useful when listing items in an analysis?
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It is easier for readers to see the various aspects if you use bullets, to help show how all the parts work together.
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Why does the textbook suggest writing a tentative thesis statement while drafting an analysis?
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Star with a tentative thesis statement but understand that you may change your point of view as you write and revise.
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Chapter 12
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Chapter 12
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Because showing cause and effect can be complex, first examine the _____ and how a writer might define, describe, or show it.
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effect
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Because readers cannot always remember many causes at once, a _____ organizational approach is suggested.
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linear
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One useful way to think of cause and effect relationships is to remember the _____ in the word "because;" this explains why something happened.
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"cause"
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It is common in writing to be unsure of your ____, or main point, until you get some drafting and revision done.
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thesis
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_____, in cause and effect writing, means to reconsider and to re-envision your text---not to just fix surface errors.
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revising
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What is one strategy to fix the comment "awkward" on your paper in reference to a sentence?
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Try out different ways to say the same thing
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Please briefly explain why it is not easy to prove cause and effect.
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Cause and effect is rarely as simple as one thing that causes one effect: more often than not, there are multiple causes that causes multiple effects.
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"Awkward," as a comment on a paper, means something is what?
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"Awkward" means that there is something odd or out of place for the reader.
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Cause and effect events which cause another and another, and so on are known as what?
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Causal Chain
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The textbook lists many examples of cause and effect scenarios. Please list one of these or a cause and effect scenario of your own.
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Why WW II started? Why are the Polar Ice Caps Melting? Why is gas so expensive?
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Chapter 13
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Chapter 13
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A synonym for "evaluate" is _____.
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judge
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All evaluations have one thing in common: they have ____, or characteristics, upon which they are based.
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criteria
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It often is a good idea to _____ your sentences, in order to increase the kinds and lengths of sentences in your evaluation.
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combine
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The text suggests two organizational approaches for evaluation: evaluation comes first, and ______.
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evaluation comes last
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The most useful strategy, and the one used most often in evaluations, is to use _____ (e.g., this item is bigger than that item; this costs less than that; this idea is better than that idea; and so on).
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compare and contrast
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Please list two criteria one might use to judge an action film for a movie review.
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Heroes vs Villains, Actors, Storyline, Excitement
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Evaluations are common in everyday life. Please list at least one commonly encountered type of evaluation?
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movie review, choosing a t.v., selecting a car, deciding on a hairstyle
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When beginning your evaluation, why would you need to determine the criteria you will use?
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You will need to determine the criteria you will use for your evaluation, be able to explain them, and then see how the subject of your evaluation matches up (compares to) with your criteria.
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The textbook suggest trying several organizational approaches to an evaluation. Why?
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Try out each of these ways of organizing your work and see how they work for you, which seems to be the stronger, and what visual aids might help show what you mean.
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The textbook suggests trying to use different lengths and types of sentences in your writing. Why?
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It often is a good idea to combine sentences, in order to increase the kinds and lengths of sentences in your evaluation. Any text filled with similar sentences quickly gets boring to readers.
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Chapter 14
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Chapter 14
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Effective persuasive writing draws on the three rhetorical appeals: ethos, pathos, and _____.
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logos
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The textbook suggest that ____ is a useful focus for a persuasive writing assignment because it gives you a real situation to apply.
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problem-solving
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One way to organize an argument, created by the Greek philosopher Aristotle, is the ______ scheme.
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classical
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______ is a strategy you might use to construct your argument. It means you would describe/label any terms readers might not already know.
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To define
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A _____ is when the pronoun being used does not clearly match the noun it should be referring to.
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unclear pronoun
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To persuade someone means you are hoping to do what?
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To persuade someone, you hope that person will accept what you are saying: that they are convinced by your argument.
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What does "argument" mean in college writing?
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Argumenting in college writing is an organized text that makes a claim and provides evidence to support that claim.
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In Aristotle's scheme of organization, where does your main claim/thesis fit in the paper?
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You start with an introduction, so your readers will know what you are focusing on; here is where your main claim or thesis statement goes.
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What does the strategy of exemplification entail?
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Provide examples to help readers see what you mean
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What are two ways that a writer can provide evidence for the audience?
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data, quotations, statistics, etc.
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