question

Ethics in the communication competence model is

answer

a set of standards for judging the moral correctness of communication behavior.

question

Which of the following is not a weakness of the linear model of communication has:

answer

doesn't include noise

question

Noise from a communication perspective includes

answer

startling sounds, biases and assumptions, confusing word choices

question

fields of experience refer to

answer

cultural background, geographic location, ethnicity

question

research on communication abilities of americans reveals that

answer

managers see themselves as good or very good listeners, but most of their employees rate most of their managers as poor on listening skills

question

the interactive model provides the following insights about human communication

answer

fields of experience can significantly affect the understanding of messages transmitted

question

communication is a proces that means

answer

we must adapt to inevitable change when we communicate with others, no relationship stands still ,frozen in time

question

rules

answer

socially constructed, never perfectly shared, only approximately shared.

question

if everyone who works in the office leaves early on days when the boss is not there, but no one reports it. this represents a

answer

implicit rule

question

meaning is

answer

socially constructed, never perfectly shared, only approximately shared, shared both verbally and nonverbally

question

your communication can be appropriate without being effective

answer

true

question

there are rules associated with every communication context

answer

true

question

rules determine appropriateness of our communication with others

answer

true

question

by age 6, if language has not been learned, it is hopeless to try to teach a child language

answer

false

question

a persons communication is either competent or incompetent

answer

false

question

Perception is

answer

both a and b. a. inherently, unavoidably selective. b. shaped by our limited sensory capabilities.

question

Which of the following is not necessarily a characteristic of empathy

answer

accepting the viewpoint of others..

question

Stimuli that we attend to is influenced by

answer

all of the above. the intensity of the stimuli b. the novelty of the stimuli c. the repetition of the stimuli

question

You meet a person for lunch and he offers to shake your hand. You don't ask him, "What are you doing?" because you already know that you should shake his hand as a greeting gesture. This is an example of a

answer

script

question

Which of the following is true of prototypes?

answer

they are the best example of a given phenomenon or person.

question

Which of the following is not true of self-disclosure

answer

it is the sharing any information about yourself with another person..

question

When we formulate perceptions of others which of the following is not true?

answer

positive more than negative information influences the perception..

question

Selective memory bias

answer

occurs when we tend to remember information that supports our stereotypes of others and to forget information that contradicts our stereotypes of others..

question

Perception is . . .

answer

culturally influenced

question

Attribution is

answer

all of the above. a. assigning causes to people's behavior b. influenced by the consistency of a person's behavior c. often incorrect because personal traits are assumed to cause bad behavior when situations often influence behavior more strongly

question

You're competing in a tennis championship and you lose in a final set tie-breaker. You attribute your loss to bad officiating and distractions from crowd noise, not to your opponent's superior skill. This is an example of the self-serving bias.

answer

true

question

Self-disclosure is most effective in building a relationship when it is done all at once, not drawn out over time.

answer

false

question

The problem with stereotypes is that they always present false, incorrect information about a group.

answer

false

question

Perception is the stimulation of our senses, and sense experience is the interpretation of data from our senses.

answer

false

question

You are interviewed for a job. You have included five pages of outstanding accomplishments on your resumé and only one seemingly minor flaw in an otherwise impressive record. Your interviewer, however, seems unfairly focused on your single blemish, ignoring your accomplishments. This is an example of the negativity bias.

answer

true

question

Convergence can be created in the following way

answer

all of the above. a. adjust your speaking style to more closely align with members of other cultures b. cooperate to find common ground c. reduce uncertainty by seeking information about divergent cultures.

question

Mindfulness is exhibited when

answer

all of the above. a. we are open to new information that focuses on the communication process b. we strive to avoid stereotyping c. we pick up signals that alert us to potential misunderstandings in intercultural transactions

question

Which of the following is not a difference between individualist and collectivist cultures include

answer

self-promotion is encouraged in collectivist cultures.

question

According to Hofstede's research

answer

both a and b. a. individualist cultures give higher priority to personal as opposed to group goals and needs than do collectivist cultures b. "responsibility," "loyalty," and "commitment" reflect collectivist cultural values

question

Values are:

answer

the most deeply felt, generally shared view of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile thinking or behavior..

question

Low power-distance cultures tend to be

answer

both a and b. North American b. Scandanavian (Norway, Sweden, Finland)

question

Australia is a high individualist culture. From this you can deduce that they are also

answer

a low power-distance culture.

question

Feminine cultures tend to be

answer

both b and c. b. Scandanavian (Norway, Sweden, Finland). c. African

question

Which of the following are correct statements about cultures?

answer

Every culture is ethnocentric to some degree.

question

Your cultural values encourage you to "sell yourself" during a job interview and to emphasize your personal accomplishments. You probably belong to a

answer

both b and c. b. highly individualist culture c. low power-distance culture

question

No culture is entirely individualist or collectivist.

answer

true

question

Collectivist cultures have a We-orientation, and individualist cultures have a Me-orientation.

answer

true

question

Individualist cultures tend to be more competitive than collectivist cultures.

answer

true

question

The individualism-collectivism dimension is the most important dimension separating cultures.

answer

true

question

Cultural values are highly in flux

answer

false

question

Which of these claims related to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is valid?

answer

a and c. we can perceive phenomena, events, objects, and ideas more easily when a lexicon to describe them is readily available. having a large vocabulary for a specific phenomenon, event, or object reflects the significance a speech community places on these

question

Which of the following statements about the abstracting process is accurate?

answer

a and b. a. It is a process of selective perception b. The first step in the abstracting process is our sense experience of the physical world

question

Phonology is

answer

the study of how we find order within the apparent chaos of speech sounds.

question

"You're either a feminist or a woman-hater" is an example of

answer

a false dichotomy.

question

jargon

answer

b and c. b. acts as a verbal shorthand that is useful for efficient communication c. is the specialized language of a group

question

"Middle age begins when your last child leaves home" is

answer

an operational definition of middle age.

question

Americans and Britons speak the same language, yet they have different meanings for the same words. This is a problem of

answer

denotative meaning.

question

This capacity of language to transform a small number of phonemes into whatever words, phrases, and sentences that you require to communicate your abundance of thoughts and feelings is called

answer

productivity

question

Euphemism

answer

is language that numbs us to the unpleasant or offensive.

question

When a speaker yells repeatedly to a crowd, "What do we want?" and the crowd repeatedly and immediately shouts back in unison, "Feminist Power," this is an example of

answer

a signal reaction

question

Language is not thought, but language is interconnected with thought.

answer

true

question

Using language to shape meaning for others is called framing.

answer

true

question

The degree of accuracy of labels should be determined by social agreement regarding what the label means and whether a particular use of the label conforms with common meaning.

answer

true

question

No word is inherently, naturally obscene, profane, or abusive because context determines how words will be perceived.

answer

true

question

Connotations are the source of most signal reactions

answer

true

question

Non-verbal communication is:

answer

continuous

question

The following rules are appropriate for dealing with touch violations

answer

both a and c. begin by assuming the first touch violation is accidental. describe your reaction and the behavior that produces the perception of violation to the offender

question

An obnoxious driver flips you off, gives you the finger, shows you the middle digit. This is an example of

answer

an emblem

question

Nonverbal and verbal communication are interconnected in which of the following ways?

answer

all of the above. a. nonverbal cues can repeat verbal messages b. nonverbal cues can substitute for verbal messages c. nonverbal cues can contradict verbal messages

question

Which of the following linguistic characteristics also apply to nonverbal communication?

answer

none of the above

question

From research, the following valid conclusions can be drawn about cross-cultural perceptions of facial expressions:

answer

members of diverse cultures show significant differences in perceptions of the intensity of emotion exhibited by a facial expression.

question

To communicate competently with nonverbal communication

answer

all of the above. a. observe multiple nonverbal cues before drawing any conclusions about a person's communication b. try to match nonverbal and verbal communication to avoid mixed messages c. monitor your own nonverbal communication

question

The following are valid conclusions, based on research, about gestures and cultures:

answer

illustrators usually come naturally to individuals from all cultures.

question

Differences between verbal and nonverbal communication include

answer

both b and c. b. nonverbal communication possesses none of the four essential characteristics of language (verbal communication) c. verbal communication is single-channeled; nonverbal communication is multichanneled

question

Friendship-warmth touch

answer

both b and c. b. is most ambiguous type of touch c. leads to the most misunderstandings between people

question

Listening is composed of which of the following elements?

answer

all of the above. a. comprehending b. retaining c. responding

question

Confirmation bias is

answer

the psychological predisposition to listen to information that agrees with our beliefs and values and to ignore or distort information that disagrees with them.

question

A shift response is

answer

a and c. c. a competitive vying for attention and focus on self by shifting topics. a. a type of conversational narcissism

question

What percentage of their time do college students spend listening?

answer

55%

question

Skepticism is

answer

a process of examining claims, evaluating evidence and reasoning, and drawing conclusions based on probabilities.

question

Which of the following are valid generalizations about the differences between open- and closed-mindedness?

answer

Open-mindedness means following where the evidence leads; closed-mindedness means refusing to examine one's beliefs and points of view when there is compelling evidence contradicting them.

question

Which of the following are not criteria for evaluating reasoning and evidence when critically listening?

answer

vividness

question

Mindful listening is

answer

active listening

question

You are asked by a speaker to accept her point of view because most people already do, as indicated on several national surveys using random samples of more than 1,000 subjects. She has committed a fallacy called

answer

ad populum

question

A friend comes to you with a problem. He has lied to his partner, and he feels terrible about it. Your initial response is, "That was a lousy thing to do." This response is

answer

evaluative

question

Hearing and listening are the same thing.

answer

false

question

Cynicism is persistently finding fault with the beliefs and opinions of others.

answer

true

question

We do not usually remember what has not received our focused attention.

answer

true

question

Men interrupt, on average, more than women do in conversation.

answer

false

question

A shift response is interrupting to seize the floor during a conversation.

answer

false

question

The reliability of Internet information can be evaluated in which of the following ways?

answer

a and b. a. consider the source of all information found on a Web site b. try to determine if the source of the information is biased

question

Requirements for a competent introduction include which of the following?

answer

all of the above. a. make a specific purpose statement b. gain attention c. establish the significance of your topic for the audience

question

What percentage of college seniors are required to give a presentation

answer

95%

question

Which of the following is not an audience type?

answer

composite

question

When you organize your speech on the basis of a sequential time pattern, this is which of the following organizational patterns?

answer

chronological pattern.

question

Using rhetorical questions as an attention-getting device in the introduction to your speech

answer

can be an effective attention strategy.

question

"This is an ounce of cocaine, and this is an ounce of marijuana. Which would you prefer to ingest" is an example of an opening to a speech given by a student in a college speech class. This would be

answer

gaining an audience's attention in an inappropriate way.

question

When you are trying to explain why an event occurred, typically you would use which of the following organizational patterns?

answer

Causal pattern.

question

Which of the following characteristics are important for the speaker to consider?

answer

all of the above. a. religion b. race c. educational background

question

You're researching the topic of great speeches given in recent history. Tips for narrowing your search on this topic when using the Internet include

answer

both b and c

question

Attention is focused awareness on a stimulus at a given moment.

answer

true

question

Approximately 99% of all stimuli received by our brains are filtered out as irrelevant.

answer

true

question

Any kind of startling statement or behavior that grabs the attention of an audience is appropriate for a speech.

answer

false

question

Any humorous comment, joke, story, or quotation that grabs attention is appropriate for a speech.

answer

false

question

When using humor, be sure to begin with a statement such as "I heard the most hilarious story the other day" to prepare your audience to laugh.

answer

false

question

My third reason is . . ." is an example of

answer

signpost.

question

The benefits of visual aids include that

answer

all of the above. a. they can clarify a difficult or complex point b. they can gain the attention of an audience c. they can increase the speaker's credibility

question

To use visual aids effectively, a speaker should

answer

put the visual aid out of sight when not referring to it.

question

"James Jones at Merck notes that a cure for cancer is only a few years away" is a citation of a source that is incomplete in which of the following ways?

answer

all of the above. a. missing specific date of statement b. credentials of Jones are insufficient c. Jones is a questionable source for the statement

question

The limitations associated with using objects as visual aids include that

answer

all of the above. a. some objects may be illegal b. some objects are too large and bulky c. live objects such as animals can be difficult to control

question

Drawings as visual aids are ineffective when

answer

both b and c. b. they are too small to be seen by listeners in the back of the room c. they are sloppy and poorly drawn

question

"So how does this affect us?" is an example of

answer

a transition

question

"According to Francine Freederhouser, director of research at Plantonometrics, a manufacturer of computer chips, global warming will cost $3 trillion worldwide to reverse" is a weak use of a source because the source is

answer

both a and c, missing a date, c. cited out of her field of expertise

question

When using video clips during your 10-minute speech,

answer

be certain the clip is cued up

question

You're using a graph to illustrate an important point in your speech. You finish the point and prepare to move on to another point not illustrated by the graph. You should

answer

cover the graph or remove it and place it face down on a table top.

question

Informative speeches do not usually stir disagreement and dissension

answer

false

question

Informative speeches typically tell us what to think, and persuasive speeches tell us what to think about.

answer

false

question

A speech is divided into an introduction, body, and conclusion.

answer

true

question

An informative speech may produce a strong desire from listeners to correct a problem presented during the speech.

answer

true

question

Demonstrations and lectures are the same type of informative speech.

answer

false

question

Supporting materials for speeches accomplish which of the following purposes?

answer

all of the above. a. support claims b. amplify ideas c. clarify points

question

Examples used as supporting material for a claim are likely to be effective when they

answer

aren't representative of the claim that is made.

question

When citing testimony from an expert as supporting material for a claim made in a speech, a complete citation should include the

answer

all of the above. a. name of the expert b. expert's specific title or expertise c. publication in which the expert's statement appears

question

Fredricka states in her speech that "35% of the world's children live in poverty." As credible support for her claim that poverty is a serious global catastrophe, this statistic as cited

answer

both b and c. b. could be dated since no date is provided c. has no credible source for the statistic

question

"A hypnotic horror that hounded them to hell" is an example of

answer

alliteration

question

Credibility of a statistic used to support a claim in a speech is enhanced by

answer

all of the above. a. citing a credible source for the statistic b. citing a source of the statistic that is objective (no special interest in an outcome) c. citing a source of the statistic that has a history of accuracy

question

Manuscript speaking is

answer

speaking from a written version of the speech.

question

Which of the following are common disadvantages of manuscript speaking?

answer

all of the above. a. weak eye contact with audience b. changes in content to adapt to audience feedback are difficult to make smoothly c. speech sounds read instead of natural

question

"My old neighbor was French and he was very rude. Thus French people are rude". This is:

answer

a hasty generalization.

question

Which of the following is accomplished by using a well-chosen statistic?

answer

all of the above. a. supports a claim b. corrects a false assumption c. amplifies an idea

question

"Imagine that you have just entered the on-ramp of a busy freeway" is the beginning of a hypothetical example to illustrate a point.

answer

true

question

Hypothetical examples are more effective than real examples for making points in a speech.

answer

false

question

Testimony cited on the Internet is usually reliable and credible evidence.

answer

false

question

oral and written style are virtually the same, so writing your speech word for word and reading it to your audience is an effective way to present a speech.

answer

false

question

Clarity of style comes from a simple, concise use of language.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is an example of persuasion as defined in the text?

answer

a political candidate speaking to the party faithful; telling them what they want to hear about the evils of the opposition candidate.

question

Which of the following generalizations is valid from the perspective of the social judgment theory?

answer

persuasive messages that fall within a person's latitude of rejection almost never produce a change in attitude.

question

Factors that significantly influence how consistent your behavior is likely to be with your stated attitude include

answer

how much effort is required to perform the behavior.

question

Ways to establish speaker identification with an audience include

answer

both b and c. b. dressing similar to your audience c. emphasizing common positions, values, and attitudes with an audience

question

Amy wants to enhance her credibility with her audience because she is faced with a big challenge in changing attitudes about a needle exchange program for the inner cities' drug problem. Which of the following is unlikely to enhance her credibility?

answer

a. expressing rage over the terrible plight of drug addicts to demonstrate her intense commitment to change.

question

According to Toulmin, an argument includes which of the following?

answer

all of the above. a. warrant b. data c. claim

question

"The sale, distribution, and use of drugs should be legalized" is a

answer

proposition of policy.

question

A person who holds two inconsistent ideas, beliefs, or opinions at the same time will likely experience

answer

cognitive dissonance.

question

Barbara wants to convince her audience of college students that they should all become vegetarians. She tries to scare her listeners by presenting several serious health dangers to eating meat. This high fear appeal is not likely to work unless

answer

all of the above. a. she offers simple and easy ways to become a vegetarian b. she presents high-quality arguments supported by convincing evidence c. she shows that becoming a vegetarian won't also cause serious health hazards

question

The elaboration likelihood model claims that

answer

all of the above. a. listeners use both central and peripheral routes to persuasion b. the peripheral route to persuasion is most frequently used by those individuals with little or no direct personal experience with an issue or problem presented c. central processing is what skeptics do when presented with a persuasive message

question

Conversion is a realistic goal for a student giving a 7-minute speech in a class.

answer

false

question

The ultimate goal of persuasion is to change the attitudes and beliefs of listeners

answer

false

question

Resistance to counterpersuasion (attacks from an opposing side) can be induced by forewarning an audience that an attempt to change their attitudes and behavior will occur.

answer

true

question

The strength of an argument depends primarily on the strength of the warrant.

answer

true

question

You think that women should have "the right to choose" on the issue of abortion. We can confidently and accurately predict from this attitude that you would get an abortion if the need arose.

answer

false

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