First Colonies: Jamestown, Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay Colonies

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Jamestown
Jamestown
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First permanent English settlement in North America
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John Rolfe
John Rolfe
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Found a way to make tobacco a cash crop and married Pocahontas
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John Smith
John Smith
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First strong leader of Jamestown. Helped save Jamestown by forcing them to work and communicate with Natives. Was injured in a gunpowder incident and returned to England.
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Tobacco
Tobacco
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Developed into cash crop by John Rolfe for Jamestown
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King James I
King James I
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Jamestown and the James River named for him
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Advantage at Jamestown
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Ships could come in and out of port easily for trade and supplies
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House of Burgesses
House of Burgesses
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Established a representative form of government in colonial America
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indentured servants
indentured servants
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People who work for no pay for seven years in exchange for passage to the New World, clothing, and 50 acres of land
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Joint Stock Company
Joint Stock Company
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A group of people who own a business and share in its profits and losses. Virginia Company was the joint stock company that created Jamestown
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Mayflower
Mayflower
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Ship that took the settlers to Plymouth
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Separatists
Separatists
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People who separated from the Church of England and went to the Netherlands and later to Plymouth.
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Mayflower Compact
Mayflower Compact
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To create a "civil body politik" (government) that would help organize the the colony; established a government ran by the people
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Pilgrims
Pilgrims
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People who take a long journey for religious purposes
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Squanto
Squanto
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Native American who helped the Pilgrims at Plymouth by teaching them to farm and translating
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Corn and pumpkins
Corn and pumpkins
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Squanto taught the colonists to grow these.
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John Winthrop
John Winthrop
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Governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony elected by the General Court; wanted to create a "city upon a hill" to be Christian example to the rest of the world
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William Bradford
William Bradford
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Elected Governor of Plymouth in 1621 and served for 30 years; wrote "Of Plymouth Plantation" which explained what it was like to live in Plymouth
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Pocahontas
Pocahontas
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native that helped the Jamestown colonists; saved John Smith; married John Rolfe and moved to England
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Starving Time
Starving Time
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time in Jamestown when the settlers had no food because of crop failure
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theocracy
theocracy
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government where people are ruled by religious leaders; Mass Bay Colony
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non-separatists
non-separatists
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Puritans that didn't want to break away from the Church of England; only wanted to improve it; founded the Mass Bay Colony
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Puritans
Puritans
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non-separatists that founded the Mass Bay Colony
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Anne Hutchinson
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lived in the Mass Bay Colony; began holding religious meetings in her home teaching her own interpretations of the Bible; she is excommunicated; later dies in an Indian raid in NY
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town meetings
town meetings
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used in the Mass Bay Colony; everyone in the colony (if you are Puritan) meets once a year to elect representatives
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Roger Williams
Roger Williams
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banished from Mass Bay because he didn't believe in theocracy (mixing church and state) and he disliked stealing land from natives; forms Rhode Island colony
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Thomas Hooker
Thomas Hooker
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left the Mass Bay Colony and created Connecticut Colony because he thought voting rights should not be limited to Puritans
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
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first constitution in the "new world"; created an election for governors and a 2 house legislature
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Salem Witchcraft Trials
Salem Witchcraft Trials
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a time of hysteria in Mass Bay; young girls accused older women of witchcraft; Puritan faith caused people to believe them
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