question

Name the charge mass and role of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

answer

Proton: +, 1 AMU, # of protons = atomic number
Electron: -, 1 AMU, # of protons = # of electrons in a stable atom
Nuetron: neutral, neglected, separates protons and stabilizes nucleus

question

Name the groups of the p-table.

answer

Group A: Representative Elements
Group B: Transition Elements
Groups 1A-3A: Nonmetals are above stairs
Groups 4A- 7A: Metals
Group 8: Noble Gases
Below Stairs: Metaloids

question

Ionic Bonds

answer

Metal + Non-metal = Ionic Compound
Cation (+) is ALWAYS first, Anion (-) is ALWAYS second

question

Covalent Bonds

answer

Only between Non-metals

question

In respect to atomic radius; the ______ the charge the ______ the radius.

answer

The GREATER the charge, the SMALLER the radius

question

Naming non-metals

answer

Name FIRST as in p-table. Replace SECOND ending with -ide. When the first non-metal is NOT hydrogen...use mono, di, tri etc.

question

Where are type 1 metals in the p-table?

answer

Groups 1A, 2A, and AL

question

Naming Type 1 Metals

answer

Name FIRST as in p-table
Name SECOND with -ide ending

question

Naming a metal and polyatomic ion

answer

Write metal as listed in p-table
Write ion as listed on chart

question

Naming Type 2 Metals

answer

Name FIRST Metal as written in p-table.
Calculate charge of 1st metal and write it after in roman numerals.
Name SECOND with -ide ending.

question

Naming Acids

answer

if ending = -ate; stem + -ic

if ending = -ide; add HYDRO to beginning then stem + -ous

if ending = -ite; stem = -ous

Add ACID to the end

question

What is a mole?

answer

1 mole = atomic mass on ANY element

question

1 mole = _________ atoms in ANY compound.

answer

6.022 x 10 ^ 23

question

What are the steps in finding the Empirical Formula?

answer

1. Divide (% comp / atomic mass)
2. Divide all solutions by the SMALLEST solution yielded from step 1
3. If left with a fraction divide by multipliers.

question

Multipliers

answer

0.5 multiply by 2!
0.33 or 0.66 multiply by 3! 0.25 or 0.75 multiply by 4!
0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 multiply by 5!
0.1 or 0.9 then ROUND!

question

What is the solute and solvent in respect to a solution?

answer

Solute; the LOWER amount
Solvent; the HIGHER amount

question

Define Concentration.

answer

The amount of SOLUTE dissolved in a solution

question

Define Molarity.

answer

Molar Concentration

question

To convert mL to L ____ by 1000
To convert kL to L ____ by 1000

answer

Divide
Multiply

question

The limiting reagent always yields the ____amount.

answer

LESS

question

1 ATM relates to _______.
What does 1 ATM = ?

answer

pressure
1 ATM = 760 torr
= 760 mm Hg
= 101.25 K pascal

question

As volume ________, pressure ________.

answer

As volume DECREASES, pressure INCREASES.

question

When using Ideal Gas Law, what should the units be for:
PRESSURE
VOLUME
TEMPERATURE

answer

Pressure - ATM
Volume - Liters
Temperature - Kelvin

question

What does kelvin = ?

answer

0 + 273
or 0 degree Celsius + 273

question

What does Standard Temperature Pressure (STP) mean?

answer

Temperature = 273 Kelvin
Pressure = 1 ATM

question

What is the molar volume of any gas at STP?

answer

22.4

question

In a single displacement reaction the _____ active element replaces the _____ less active element.

answer

The MORE active element replaces the LESS active element.

question

A single displacement reaction can ONLY occur if...

answer

"A" is more active than "B"

question

In a single displacement reaction;
_____ always comes before ______.

______ are always positive, while _____ are always negative.

Any element by itself = ?

answer

METAL always comes before NON-METAL.
METALS are always positive, while NON-

METALS are always negative.

Any element by itself = 0.

question

What signifies a Double Displacement Reaction?

answer

Formation of a solid.

question

When you do a double displacement reaction swap (__,__) and (__,__).

answer

Swap (1,4) and (3,2).

question

Steps to a double displacement reaction:
1)Write ________ product.
2)Write all the _______.
3)Write the ________ equation by _______ solid and ________ charges from that solid.
4)Write _______ equation by ________ and writing ________.
5)Remove ________. Then your left with the final equation, the ________ equation.

answer

1) Write UNBALANCED product.
2) Write all CHARGES.
3) Write CHEMICAL equation by UNDERLINING solid & REMOVING it's charges.
4) Write the IONIC equation by BALANCING & writing CHARGES.
5) Remove CHARGES. The final equation is the NET-IONIC equation.

question

A neutralization reaction is a _______ ______ reaction, that ______ yields a ______.

answer

DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT reaction that ALWAYS yields a LIQUID.

question

A combustion reaction ALWAYS produces the ____ product.
What product does it produce?

answer

ALWAYS produces CO2 + H2O

question

In a combustion reaction after balancing you have a fraction ______ the whole equation by the fractions ______.

answer

MULTIPLY the whole equation by the fractions DENOMINATOR.

question

Define Ionization Energy.

answer

Energy REQUIRED to move an electron from 1 atom to another.

question

As Ionization Energy ______ , ______ _____ _______.

answer

As Ionization Energy DECREASES, ATOMIC RADIUS DECREASES.

question

Non-metals are located _____ the _____.

answer

ABOVE the STAIRS

question

Transition metals have __ Valence shell(s); while Type 1 metals have __ valence shell(s).

answer

Transition metals have 2 valence shells.
Type 1 metals have 1 valence shell.

question

Transition metals have __ Valence shell(s); while Type 1 metals have __ valence shell(s).

answer

Transition metals have 2 valence shells.
Type 1 metals have 1 valence shell.

question

Metaloids...

answer

Resemble metals but are NON-METALS.

question

Octet Rule

answer

Rule of 8 electrons.

question

In order to become stable, METALS try to ______ valence electrons and become stable _____.

answer

LOOSE electrons and become stable CATIONS.

question

In order to become stable, NON-METALS try to _____ valence electrons and become stable _____.

answer

GAIN electrons and become stable ANIONS.

question

1)Sub-level S has ___ box(es)& __ electron(s)
2)Sub-level P has ___ box(es)& __ electron(s)
3)Sub-level D has ___ box(es)& __ electron(s)
4)Sub-level F has ___ box(es)& __ electron(s)

answer

S: 1 Box, 2 Electrons
P: 3 Boxes, 6 Electrons
D: 5 Boxed, 10 Electrons
F: 7 boxes, 14 Electrons

question

With respect to the sub-level box diagram what element MIGRATES?

answer

Cr

question

Sub-level f has _____ energy and appears in the _____ energy level.

answer

HIGH energy, appears in 6th level

question

Principle Quantum #'s
What are they and where do they appear?

answer

1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Top of Boxes

question

Secondary Quantum #'s
What are they and where do they appear?

answer

S = 0
P = 1
D = 2
F = 3
Top of Boxes

question

Magnetic Quantum #'s
What are they and where do they appear?

answer

-...0...+
#'s 1-7
They go under each box with the ZERO UNDER THE CENTER BOX
Negatives are on the left side of the 0, positives on the right

question

Spin Quantum #'s
What are they and where do they appear?

answer

-1/2 and +1/2
If the last arrow is facing UP it is +1/2
If Last arrow is facing DOWN it is -1/2

question

Periodic Properties
Group(s) 1A, 2A, all B group, above stairs, below stairs, Group 7, and Group 8.

answer

1A: Alkaline Metals
2A: Alkaline Earth Metals
ALL B: Transition Metals
Above Stairs: Non-metals
Below Stairs: Metaloids
7: Halogens
8: Noble Gases

question

Atomic Radius Table
Start in ____ _____ corner, read _____ to _____
Top Right = _______ _____
_______ = Largest Radius

answer

Start at TOP RIGHT CORNER, read RIGHT to LEFT.
Top Right = SMALLEST RADIUS
BOTTOM LEFT = Largest Radius

question

On the product side of a Single Displacement Reaction for the compound, the charge of one becomes ______ of the other and vice versa.

answer

Small Coefficient

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