Final Exam in US History 2 – Flashcards
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Causes of World War I
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Set of secret alliances Large military build up among the word powers Arguments over colonies
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What was America's initial reaction to World War I?
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remain neutral
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What event brought America into World War I?
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New German submarine attacks (Lusitania)
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What was Wilson's justification for entering World War I?
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build a lasting peace
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President Wilson's goals after WWI
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a League of Nations all nations eventually give up their colonies all nations in Europe should be a democracy
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Assimilation
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the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another, i.e. "becoming American"
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Which Wilson WWI goal is successfully achieved?
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the creation of the League of Nations
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Great Migration
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movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
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Republicans are generally linked to which side of the political spectrum?
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conservative, right
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Democrats are generally linked to which side of the political spectrum?
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liberal, left
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laissez faire
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the doctrine that government should not interfere in business/individual affairs
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Cause of "national mass" culture in 1920s?
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radio
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Industry linked to most new jobs of 1920s
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automobile
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Cause of more appliances being bought in 1920s?
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electricity in homes
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Harlem Renaissance
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a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished
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Popular music of the 1920s
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jazz
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Major problem with the economy by the end of the 1920's
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Americans greatly in debt
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1930s bank trouble cause
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people not able to pay back loans
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buying stocks with borrowed money
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buying on margin
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Social Security Act of 1935
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guarantees a minimal income for the elderly and disabled
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main purpose of the FDIC
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stop bank panics
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MAIN way New Deal lowered unemployment during the Depression
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create public works programs
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What ended the Depression?
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America's entry into WWII
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How did the Great Depression effect the role of the federal government?
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increased its regulation of business and began to provide a safety net for the poor and unemployed
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Goals of Franklin Roosevelt as President
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recovery reform relief
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What event brings the US into World War II?
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Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941
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Atlantic Charter of World War II
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outline's America's goals in fighting
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D-Day
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Allied troops invade France to free it from Nazi control. June 6, 1944
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African Americans in World War II
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fought in segregated unites
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During both WWI & WWII women ...
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do jobs traditionally given to men while men are fighting overseas
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Greatest violation of the constitution during World War II
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Japanese Americans being forced to live in internment camps
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US main goal during Cold War
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stop the spread of communism
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Marshall Plan
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plan to rebuild much of Europe's economy
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US opponent during the Cold War
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the Soviet Union, communism
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NATO
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization; an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries
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Why did America enter the Korean War?
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stop the spread of communism
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Korean war could be considered a victory because it
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stopped communism from spreading in Korea
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During the Cold War President Eisenhower
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had the United States build more nuclear weapons & threatened the use of nuclear weapons
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McCarthy hearings
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Congress has meetings to find communist spies
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Cause of the Cuban Missile Crisis
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Russia secretly put nuclear weapons in Cuba
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domino theory
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communism could easily spread from one nation to its neighbors
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detente
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finding ways to cooperate with your enemy/opponent Nixon used this with China & USSR.
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Vietnamization
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Nixon's plan for the slow removal of US combat troops from Vietnam
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Effects of the Cold War
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Both the United States of America and the Soviet Union built up huge arsenals of atomic weapons and ballistic missiles. It led to destructive conflicts like the Vietnam War and the Korean War. The Soviet Union collapsed due to economic weaknesses. Communism collapsed worldwide. Russia became more democratic.
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Biggest Social Change of 1950s
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Growth of Suburbs
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Methods used by Civil Rights groups in 1960s
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sit-ins marches boycotts
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Brown v. Board of Education
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schools to be racially integrated
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
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Prohibits racial and gender discrimination
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Contrast Dr. King and Malcolm X
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King supported only non-violent protest, Malcolm X supported "any means necessary"
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Voting Rights Act (1965)
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Gave the federal government the power to enforce voting laws if local officials did not
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Roe v. Wade
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announced that women had a right to an abortion early in pregnancy
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Affirmative Action
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requires employers to hire minorities to make up for past discrimination
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Americans with Disabilities Act
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Required all companies to help people with disabilities in the work place
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Title IX
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equal physical education facilities for men and women
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GI Bill
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grants for education, homes or businesses
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Major goals of LBJ's Great Society
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eliminate economic and political inequality
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Medicare
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National health insurance program for people over 65
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Clean Air & Clean Water Acts
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Requires national government to make rules to reduce pollution
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effects of Vietnam War and Watergate
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American become more suspicious of politicians and government
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Camp David Accord
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The first easing of tension in the Middle East occurred as Egypt and Israel met with President Carter and signed this document. Reduced tension of war.
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President Reagan's beliefs about government
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conservative
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President Kennedy's beliefs about government
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liberal
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1920s
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It is a decade of economic prosperity as the middle class expands for white Americans. This is a time of major technological change and the invention of many new consumer goods. African-Americans begin to take pride in their heritage. The majority of Americans support limited government involvement int he nation's problems as Republicans control the White House.
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1930s
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It is a decade of great sacrifice and fear as the nation faces economics problems and the challenge of aggressive dictators. Democrats hold the White House. Women are taking on new social roles. While not at war, more Americans are becoming convinced that we must end our isolationist policies.
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1960s
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It is a decade of great social change as many groups challenge traditional values and beliefs. There is great social discontent even though government is passing many laws to address many social problems. Contributing also to this discontent is a growing anger on the part of young people over American involvement in a foreign war.
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1950s
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It is a decade of economic prosperity as the middle class expands for white Americans. this is a time of major technological change and the invention of many new consumer consumer goods. African-Americans begin to demand political equality. The majority of Americans support limited government involvement in the nation's problems as Republicans control the White House. People are content and support a policy of challenging communism around the world.
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1970s
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It is a decade of economic problems as the nation changes its foreign policy from challenging communism around the world to detente. The politics of the time are more conservative as Americans react to almost a decade of social protest and unrest. Disco and Pong are popular.
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Similarities between 1920s & 1980s
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Conservative presidents in the White House & Women achieved greater political equality with men
