Family Systems – Strategic Jay Haley & Cloe Madanes – Flashcards
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circular causality
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"The idea that events are related through a series of interacting loops or repeating cycles" (118).
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circular questioning
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"A method of interviewing developed by the Milan Associates in which questions are asked that highlight differences among family members" (118).
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communications theory
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"The study of relationships in terms of exchange of verbal and non verbal messages" (118).
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cybernetics
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"The study of control processes in systems, especially analysis of flow of information in closed systems" (118).
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directives
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"Homework assignments designed to help families interrupt homeostatic patterns of problem-maintaining behavior" (118).
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double bind
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"A conflict created when a person receives contradictory messages on different levels of abstraction in an important relationship and cannot leave or comment" (118).
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family homeostasis
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"The tendency of families to resist change to maintain a steady state" (118).
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family ritual
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"A technique used by Selvini Palazzoli and her Milan Associates that prescribes a set of actions designed to change a family system's rules" (118).
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family rules
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"A descriptive term for redundant behavioral patterns" (118).
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feedback loops
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"The return of portion of the output of a system, especially when used to maintain the output within predetermined limits (negative feedback) or to signal a need to modify the system (positive feedback)" (118).
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first-order change
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"Superficial change in a system that stays invariant" (118).
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function of symptoms
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"The idea that symptoms are often ways to distract or protect family members from threatening conflicts" (118).
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general systems theory
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"A biological model of living systems as whole entities that maintain themselves through continuous input and output from the environment; developed by Ludwig von Bertalanffy" (118).
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hierarchical structure
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"Family functioning based on clear generational boundaries in which the parents maintain control and authority" (118).
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identified patient
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"The symptom bearer or official patient" (118).
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invariant prescription
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"A technique developed by Mara Selvini Palazzoli in wich parents are directed to mysteriously sneak away together" (118).
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metacommunication
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"Every message has two levels, report and command; metacommunication is the implied command or qualifying message" (118).
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neutrality
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"Selvini Palazzoli's term for balanced acceptance of family members" (118).
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ordeal
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"A paradoxical intervention in which the client is directed to do something that is more of a hardship than the symptom" (119).
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paradox
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"A self-contradictory statement based on a valid deduction from acceptable premises" (119).
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paradoxical intervention
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"A technique used in strategic therapy in which the therapist directs family members to continue their symptomatic behavior. If they conform they admit control and expose secondary gain; if they rebel, they give up their symptoms" (119).
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positive connotation
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"Selvini Palazzoli's technique of ascribing positive motives to family behavior to promote family cohesion and avoid resistance to therapy" (119).
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prescribing the symptom
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"A paradoxical technique that forces the patient either to give up a symptom or to admit that it is under voluntary control" (119).
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pretend techniques
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"Madanes's playful paradoxical intervention in which members are asked to pretend to engage in symptomatic behavior. The paradox is if they are pretending to have a symptom, the symptom cannot be real" (119).
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reframing
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"Relabeling a family's description of behavior to make it more amenable to therapeutic change; for example, describing someone as "lazy" rather than "depressed"" (119).
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restraining
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"A strategic technique for overcoming resistance by suggesting that a family not change" (119).
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second-order change
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"Basic change in the structure of a system" (119).
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strategic therapy
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"Any of several artful approaches that aim to manipulate behavior change to solve problems" (119).
