Family Relationships Exam 1
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Traditional family definition
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An economic unit living together, made up of two or more people who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption, and who bear and raise children
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Current family definiton
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Live together in a committed relationship, care for one another and any children, share activities and close emotional ties
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Social class
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Inherited, but mutable; based on wealth, education, power, prestige, and other resources
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Relationship types include
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Monogamy, polygamy, polygyne, polyandry
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Monogamy
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Relationship between two people and two people only
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Polygamy
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Having multiple spouses
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Polygyny
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Husband having multiple wives
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Polyandry
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Woman having multiple husbands
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Why might one say the family is declining?
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High rates of divorce and singlehood Children out of wedlock and less time spent with children Self-indulgence
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Why might one say the family is CHANGING, not declining?
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More women in the workforce Family problems have always existed
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Why might one say the family is more resilient than ever?
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Treatment of women and children much better now People no longer stay in unhappy marriages Equality in housework increases marital satisfaction
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How does theory help us?
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Drives research, helps to analyze findings, offer solutions for family problems
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How does research help us?
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Informed decisions, enhances the ability to think critically before making a decision Informs the ways we preform roles as family members (Spanking, vaccinating) Normalizes behaviors What we don't know can hurt us
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What does Structural Functional theory focus on?
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Family roles, family functions, and institutional connections
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Conflict theory?
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Conflict and resulting changes in roles are natural, inevitable, and desirable because changes improve lives; family difficulties are a result of societal problems
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Feminist theory?
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Gender inequality, emphasis on social change (family violence legislation, equal pay, effect of fathers as nurturers)
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Ecological perspective?
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Environmental influence on family; microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem
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Family development theory?
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Examines family change over the lifespan; classic family life cycle, changing developmental tasks and multifaceted nature of developmental tasks
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Symbolic interaction theory?
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Examines everyday behavior; how ideas, beliefs, and attitudes convey messages and shape lives of the family
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Social exchange theory?
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Through interactions, people seek to maximize reward and minimize costs; people \"trade\" resources for more, better or different assets (Dating up or down)
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Family systems theory?
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Family is a functioning unit that solves problems, makes decisions, and achieves collective goals. Emphasis on interactions and patterns; concept of equilibrium, change in one part of the family requires the system to readjust
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According to the conflict theorists,
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there is a continuous tension between the haves and have nots
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According to structural-functionalism, family roles are functional because they create and preserve
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order and stability
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The interconnected behaviors, roles, and relationships that influence a person's daily life are called the
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microsystem
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A micro-level theory that examines the everyday behavior of individuals is known as the
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symbolic interaction theory
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According to the social exchange perspective, when does a marriage end in a separation or divorce?
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When the costs of the marriage outweigh the rewards
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What are some of the effects of slavery on black families today?
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Family names Food Economics Language Self-perception
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How did industry, urbanization and immigration effect families?
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Shifted home-manufacturing to large-scale factory production New industries, business, and professions created new middle class Women's role redefined from workmate to nurturer and caregiver New opportunities for non-agriculture work sent adolescents away from home; increased sense of individuality
