Family Enterobacteriaceae – Flashcards

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Family Enterobacteriaceae

Characteristics common to ALL members

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- Gram-negative bacilli or coccobacilli/Rods

- Glucose Fermenters

- Lactose Fermenters

-Capable of reducing nitrate to nitrite

-Grow on MAC plates

-Motile by peritrichous flagella

- Catalase positive

-Oxidase negative

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Escherichia coli

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- Motile Gram-Negative bacillus

-Lactose Fermenter

-Oxidase Negative

-Nitrate Positive

-Indole Positive

-Methyl Red Positive

-Voges-Proskauer Negative

-Citrate Negative

-PYR Negative

-MUG Positive

-TSI = A/A with or without gas

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Genus Klebsiella

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Nonmotile, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Encapsulated, very mucoid colonies (sticky)

Lactose Fermenting:  MAC (pink); Hektoen (yellow); XLD (yellow)

Oxidase Negative                       Nitrate Positive

Indole Negative                          Methyl Red Negative

V-P Positive                                Citrate Positive

MUG Negative                           TSI = A/AG (abundant gas)

 

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Genera Pantoea and Enterobacter

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Motile, Gram-Negative bacilli

Lactose Fermenting:  BAC (smooth); MAC (pink;mucoid?) Hektoen (yellow); XLD (yellow)

Oxidase Negative                           Nitrate Positive

Indole Negative                              Methyl Red Negative

V-P Positive                                    Citrate Positive

TSI/KIA = A/A usually with abundant gas

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Genus Citrobactor

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Motile, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Foul Smelling

Late Lactose Fermenter:  MAC (light pink); Hektoen (colorless); XLD (red, yellow, or colorless)

Indole Variable                             Methyl Red Positive

V-P Negative                                 Citrate Positive

TSI/KIA = A/A or A/AG; H2S Positive

Oxidase Negative                         Nitrate Positive

Lysine decarboxylase Negative

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Genus Serratia

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Motile, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Late Lactose Fermenting: MAC (Red); Hektoen (colorless); XLD (colorless or yellow)

Oxidase Negative                         Nitrate Positive

Indole Negative                           Methyl Red Variable

V-P variable                                Citrate Positive

S. marcescens = V-P Positive          

TSI/KIA; A/A with or without gas

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Genus Salmonella

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Motile, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Non-lactose fermenter

H2S Producer

Produce lysine and ornithine decarboxylase

Oxidase Negative                          Nitrate Positive

Urease Negative                            Indole Negative

Methyl Red Positive                       V-P Negative

Citrate Variable

TSI/KIA: K/A with or without gas; H2S Positive

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Genus Shigella

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NONMOTILE, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Non-lactose Fermenter

Oxidase Negative                          Nitrate Positive

Indole Variable                             Methyl Red Positive

V-P Negative                                 Citrate Positive

TSI/KIA: K/A with or without gas

Urease Negative                          Lysine decarboxylase Negative

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Genus Proteus

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Motile, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Non-lactose-fermenting

Oxidase Negative                           Nitrate Positive

TSI/KIA: K/A; H2S Positive

PAD Positive

Produce Phenylalanine Deaminase

 

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Proteus mirabilis

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BAP & Chocolate Agar: swarming; MAC (colorless, swarming, foul smelling); Hektoen (colorless); XLD (yellow or colorless)

 

Indole Negative

Maltose Negative

Ornithine decarboxylase Positive

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Proteus penneri

 

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Indole Negative

Maltose Positive

Ornithine Negative

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Proteus vulgaris

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BAP & Chocolate (swarming); MAC (colorless, foul smelling); Hektoen (colorless); XLD (yellow or colorless)

 

Indole Positive

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Morganella morganii

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Motile, Gram-Negative Bacillus

Non-lactose-fermenting

Oxidase Negative                           Nitrate Positive

PAD Positive                                  Indole Positive

Methyl Red Positive                       V-P Negative

Citrate Negative

TSI/KIA: K/AG; H2S Negative

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Genus Providencia

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Motile, Gram-Negative Bacilli

Non-lactose-Fermenting

Oxidase Negative                          Nitrate Positive

PAD Positive                                 Indole Positive

Methyl Red Positive                      V-P Negative

Citrate Positive

TSI/KIA: K/A; H2S Negative

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Genus Yersinia

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Nonmotile, Gram-Negative Bacillus

Non-lactose-fermenting                   CATALASE POSITIVE

Oxidase Negative                            Nitrate Positive

Urease Negative                             Indole Negative

Methyl Red Positive                        V-P Negative

Citrate Negative                             Esculin Positive

TSI/KIA: K/AG                           

Ornithine decarboxylase Negative

Ferments glucose without producing Gas

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