Exercise 1: The language of anatomy – Flashcards
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BUCCAL
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CHEEK
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DIGITAL
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PERTAINING TO THE FINGERS
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SCAPULAR
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SHOULDER BLADE REGION
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PATELLAR
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ANTERIOR ASPECT OF KNEE
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CALCANEAL
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HEEL OF FOOT
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CEPHALIC
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PERTAINING TO THE HEAD
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CLASSIFY EACH OF THE TERMS IN THE KEY OF QUES. 2 ABOVE INTO ONE OF THE LARGE BODY REGIONS INDICATED BELOW. INSERT THE APPROPRIATE KEY LETTERS ON THE ANSWER BLANKS. 1. APPENDICULAR
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B. ANTECUBITAL C. BRACHIAL E. CRURAL F. FEMORAL G. FIBULAR H. GLUTEAL L. POPLITEAL M. PUBIC N. SURAL
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CLASSIFY EACH OF THE TERMS IN THE KEY OF QUES. 2 ABOVE INTO THE ONE OF THE LARGE BODY REGIONS INDICATED BELOW. INSERT THE APPROPRIATE KEY LETTERS ON THE ANSWER BLANKS. 2. AXIAL
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A. ABDOMINAL D. CERVICAL I. LUMBAR J. OCCIPITAL K. ORAL O. THORACIC P. UMBILICAL
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DESCRIBE COMPLETELY THE STANDARD HUMAN ANATOMICAL POSITION
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IN THE ANATOMICAL POSITION THE HUMAN BODY IS ERECT, WITH THE FEET ONLY SLIGHTLY APART, HEAD AND TOES POINTED FORWARD, AND ARMS HANGING AT THE SIDES WITH PALMS FACING FORWARD
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DEFINE WHAT IS SECTION?
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THE CUT THAT DIVIDES PARTS OF THE BODY
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In the anatomical position, the face and palms are on the (1) body surface; the buttocks and shoulder blades are on the (2) body surface; and the top of the head is the most (3) part of the body. The ears are (4) and (5) to the shoulders and (6) to the nose. The heart is (7) to the vertebral column (spine) and (8) to the lungs. The elbow is (9) to the fingers but (10) to the shoulder. The abdominopelvic cavity is (11) to the thoracic cavity and (12) to the spinal cavity. In humans, the dorsal surface can also be called the (13) surface; however in, quadruped animals, the dorsal surface is the (14) surface.
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1. ANTERIOR 2. POSTERIOR 3. SUPERIOR 4. SUPERIOR 5. MEDIAL 6. LATERAL 7. ANTERIOR 8. MEDIAL 9. PROXIMAL 10. DISTAL 11. INFERIOR 12. ANTERIOR 13. POSTERIOR 14. SUPERIOR
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If an incision cuts the heart into right and left parts, the section is a (15) section; but if the heart is cut so that superior and inferior portions result, the section is a (16) section. You are told to cut a dissection animal along two planes so that both kidneys are observable in each section. The two sections that will always meet this requirement are the (17) and (18) sections. A section that demonstrates the continuity between the spinal and cranial cavities is a (19) section.
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15. SAGITTAL 16. TRANSVERSE 17. FRONTAL 18. TRANSVERSE 19. SAGITTAL
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sagittal plane (section)
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cut made along a longitudinal plane ( divide body in left and right )
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MIDSAGITTAL SECTION (median)
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body cut in equal right and left halves
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FRONTAL SECTION
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Cut made along a longitudinal plane that divides the body into front and back regions
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TRANSVERSE SECTION
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Cut made along a horizontal plane to divide the body into upper and lower regions
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EPIGASTRIC REGION
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upper middle region below the sternum
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UMBILICAL REGION
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central abdominal region
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PUBIC REGION (hypogastric)
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bottom center region; Bladder
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RIGHT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGION
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right lateral region just below the ribs
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RIGHT LUMBAR REGION
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right middle region near the waist
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RIGHT ILIAC REGION(INGUINAL)
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bottom right region; Cecum, Appendix
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LEFT HYPOCHONDRIAC REGION
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top left region; Stomach
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LEFT LUMBAR REGION
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left middle region near the waist
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LEFT ILIAC REGION (INGUINAL)
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lower left corner; houses the initial part of sigmoid colon
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Which body cavity would have to be opened for the following types of surgeries or procedures? 1. SURGERY TO REMOVE A CANCEROUS LUNG LOBE
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THORACIC; VENTRAL
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Which body cavity would have to be opened for the following types of surgeries or procedures? 2. REMOVAL OF UTERUS, OR WOMB
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ABDOMINOPELVIC; VENTRAL
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Which body cavity would have to be opened for the following types of surgeries or procedures? 3. REMOVAL OF A BRAIN TUMOR
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CRANIAL; DORSAL
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Which body cavity would have to be opened for the following types of surgeries or procedures? 4. APPENDECTOMY
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ABDOMINOPELVIC; VENTRAL
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Which body cavity would have to be opened for the following types of surgeries or procedures? 5. STOMACH ULCER OPERATION
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ABDOMINOPELVIC; VENTRAL
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Which body cavity would have to be opened for the following types of surgeries or procedures? 6. DELIVERY OF PREOPERATIVE "SADDLE" ANESTHESIA
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SPINAL; DORSAL
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Name the muscle that subdivides the ventral body cavity
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DIAPHRAGM
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Which organ system would not be represented in any of the body cavities?
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SKIN
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What are the bony landmarks of the abdominopelvic cavity?
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Dorsally, the vertebral column, laterally and anteriorly the pelvic
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which body afford the least protection to its internal structures?
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abdominal pelvic
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function of the serous membranes of the body
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produces a fluid that allows organs to slide across one another without friction
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A nurse informs you that she is about to take blood from the antecubital region, what portion of your body should you present to her?
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anterior surface of the elbow
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orbital cavity
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holds the eyes in an anterior-facing position
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middle ear cavity
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houses three tiny bones involved in hearing
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nasal cavity
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contained within the nose
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oral cavity
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contains the tongue
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synovial cavity
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surrounds a joint
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DORSAL CAVITY (POSTERIOR)
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1. cranial cavity (superior) 2. vertebral cavity (inferior) Toward or at the back of the body; behind
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VENTRAL BODY CAVITY (ANTERIOR)
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1. thoracic cavity (superior) 2. abdominopelvic cavity (inferior) - abdominal cavity (superior) - pelvic cavity (inferior) toward or at the front of the body; in front of
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SUPERIOR (CRANIAL)
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toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above
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INFERIOR (CAUDAL)
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away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below
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MEDIAL
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toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of.
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LATERAL
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away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
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PROXIMAL
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closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
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DISTAL
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farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
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SUPERFICIAL (EXTERNAL)
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toward or at the body surface
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DEEP (INTERNAL)
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away from the body surface; more internal
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dorsal body cavity
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contained within the skull and vertebral column
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pelvic cavity
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houses female reproductive organs
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cranial cavity
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the most protective body cavity
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abdominal cavity
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its name means "belly"
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thoracic cavity
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contains the heart
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abdominal cavity
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contains the small intestine
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thoracic
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bounded by the ribs
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abdominal cavity
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its walls are muscular
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organs in the dorsal body cavity in the human torso model
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includes: head, backside of the body (cranial and spinal cavities)
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organs in the thoracic body cavity in the human torso model
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space in the chest containing the heart, lungs, bronchial tubes, trachea, and esophagus
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what organs are found in the umbilical region?
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small intestine, transverse colon of large intestine
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what organs are found in the epigastric region?
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stomach
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what organs are found in the hypogastric region?
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urinary bladder
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what organs are found in the right iliac region (inguinal)?
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cecum, appendix
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what organs are found in the left iliac region (inguinal)?
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initial part of sigmoid colon
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what organs are found in the right lumbar region?
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ascending colon of large intestine
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what organs are found in the left lumbar region?
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descending colon of large intestine
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what organs are found in the right hypochondriac region?
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liver, gallbladder
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what organs are found in the left hypochondriac region?
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diaphragm, spleen
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Digestive
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organs in the gastrointestinal tract include: oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus and associated organs; teeth, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder.
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urinary
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kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
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cardiovascular
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heart, blood vessels, and blood
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endocrine
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pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal glands; ovaries, testes and pancreas
