Exam 2 Psychology – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
As toddlers, girls tend to have smaller vocabularies than boys
answer
False
question
all acts of altruistic behavior are also
answer
prosocial behaviors
question
babies who exhibit avoidant attachment are not upset when their mothers leave the room
answer
True
question
one-year-old chad is not upset when her mother leaves the room, and when her mother returns chad turns away from her. she is exhibiting _____ attachment
answer
Avoidant
question
who is most likely engaging in cooperative play for the first time?
answer
Phil, who is two years old
question
mary sends her 12 month old son to day care. according to recent research, it is most likely that davis exhibits an ____ attachment to mary.
answer
Secure
question
quality of peer relationships is related to an individual's ability to regulate their emotions.
answer
true
question
pain is considered one of the basic emotions
answer
False
question
Children do not experience complex emotions until they are about 18 months old
answer
True
question
some aspects of gender roles and identities are not much affected by experience
answer
False
question
according to erikson's theory, purpose is usually achieved before will.
answer
False
question
Hamid believes that because his brother Yusef is playing with girl toys that Yusef is now a girl. this would indicate that hamid apparently does not yet understand:
answer
Gender constancy
question
IN which country are you most likely to find the most cooperative children?
answer
Canada, china, and united states
question
in gerneral older childeren are more cooperative than younger children
answer
True
question
Which statement is true regarding basic emotions?
answer
They are experienced by people in all cultures
question
which aspect of understanding gender do children develop first?
answer
Gender labeling
question
Pride, embarrassment, and guilt are all examples of:
answer
Complex emotions
question
children raised in day-care center are less likely to be securely attached to their mother than children raised in their own homes
answer
False
question
in general, boys are ___ than girls
answer
Better at spatial tasks
question
Dylan is a preschooler who has an imaginary friend mouse named niko. according to recent research, it is most likely that dylan
answer
is a typical preschooler
question
an example of ____ is when a child interprets her parent's facial expression as a cue to determine whether or not to pick up a strange object
answer
Social referencing
question
Dr. McAlister studies how children form lasting social-emotional relationships with adults. Dr. McAlister is most likely studying
answer
Attachment
question
Infants rarely become attached to their fathers
answer
false
question
which example of gender stereotyping seems most resistant to changes in gender roles?
answer
Boys prefer physical play
question
on standarized tests of math and science the very best american students tend to score at the level of an average student from asian countries
answer
True
question
psyshometricians are psychologists who specialize in measuring psychological characteristics such as intelligence and personality.
answer
True
question
which task would an average elementary age school girl perform better than an average boy?
answer
Writing their name in cursive
question
Metamemory is also known as photographic memory
answer
False
question
Formal operational thinkers often utilize combinatorial reasoning
answer
True
question
____ is defined as the ability to hear the distinctive sounds of letters
answer
Phonological awareness
question
Convergent thinking focuses on generating the most ____ answer
answer
Correct
question
Piaget saw concrete operational thinking as the end point of cognitive development
answer
Flase
question
concerning reading, comprehension involves the ability to hear the distinct sounds of a particular letter
answer
Flase
question
which behavior indicates that mandy is using a knowledge-transforming strategy when writing her term paper
answer
When before writing anything she decides that the point of the paper would be to make her teacher mad
question
Ginny is an architect who is excellent at picturing what an existing building would look like with certain modifications. this ability is probably most reflective of a high level of ___ intelligence
answer
Spatial
question
Angelica and her younger brother houston are both given 3 fountain pens, each containing clear ink and informed that some combination of ink will yield a color. because angelica is a formal operational thinker and houston is a concrete operational thinker how will their behaviors likely differ?
answer
Angelica will spend more time thinking about the task and be more systematic when attempting to solve it.
question
Familial retardation is always characterized by
answer
mild level of retardation
question
who is earliest in the studying process?
answer
Bruce, who is determining his goal for studying
question
most mentally retarded individuals fall in the "profound" category
answer
False
question
Long term memory is to working memory as
answer
Permanent is to temporary
question
Albert just thought of a novel way to consider the relationship between matter and the speed of light,. according to sternberg this action best exemplifies ____ ability
answer
Creative
question
an intelligence test that emphasizes the inclusion of items that are based on experiences common to many cultures is referred to as
answer
Culture-fair
question
Culture fair tests contain no items that refer to cultural concepts
answer
False
question
During their elementary school years, the average child gains about 8 pounds a year.
answer
True
question
The correlation between a child's IQ and their biological parents' IQ gets stronger as children get older
answer
True
question
Eight year old Harvey has a mental age of 4 what is his intelligence quotient
answer
50
question
During accommodation a new experience is incorporated into an existing scheme without modification
answer
Flase
question
Phonological memory is defined as the ability to recall a visual image after the passage of time
answer
False
question
Which is the typical pattern of infant speech?
answer
Coo to Babble to INtonation
question
who would be the most likely to use terms such like "mental Hardware" and "mental software" when describing children's thinking?
answer
Monica who is and information processing theorist
question
a good way to improve the eyewitness testimony of children is to warn them that an interviewer may sometimes try to trick them
answer
True
question
Telegraphic speech involves using
answer
Only words directly relevant to the meaning
question
in english "ing" and "ed" represent grammatical morphemes
answer
True
question
Coo sounds are composed of a single consonant sound
answer
False
question
research by rovve-collier showed that, by two months of age infants can recall past events
answer
True
question
a basic principle of understanding number involves ordinality, which refers to the fact that numbers differ in magnitude, with some being of greater value
answer
True
question
which is the best example of a question designed to assess autobiographical memory?
answer
who taught you how to ride a bike
question
if you believed in the concept of the zone of proximal development, what advice should you give to a child who is attempting to learn how to throw a ball?
answer
Tell the child to ask a friend who knows how to throw to help him out
question
Jesse is trying to teach his younger brother how to be a "fast gun". Before they start jesse reminds himself that james will need a lot of direction at first but will require much less direction. jesse's actions provide an excellent example of the strategy of:
answer
Scaffolding
question
According to Vygotsky, private speech is aimed at:
answer
Self-regulation
question
using a study involving a "shrinking machine" and "terry the troll" deloache and associates demonstrated that 2 and half year olds cannot understand that a model can be a symbol of something else
answer
Fasle
question
salvador has a scheme for drawing with a crayon that had to be changed in horder to learn how to paint a picture with a brush. this adaptation is an example of
answer
accommodation
question
Tonka is actively playing with his toy trunk, when his mom accidentally drops a towel she is carrying directly on top of the vehicle. as soon as the vehicle is covered, tonka turns his head away and calmly begins to play with another toy. his reaction best illustrates the concept of:
answer
lack of object permanence
question
which linguistic approach to grammar acquisition exclusively focuses on a child's ability to mentally detect regular patterns in the sentences that they hear?
answer
cognitive
question
in children's television show Pee Wee's playhouse the floor globe and chair could talk and move the face that many young children view such objects as being "alive" is consistent with the piagetian concept of:
answer
Animism
question
Private speech is a form of verbal communication a child uses when talking to their best friend
answer
False
question
three year old brian knows what the words "caT" and "dog" mean. one day his babysitter comes in with a box of kittens and a hamster and says "isnt he furry?" since brian does not know the word Hamster or furry he will most likely:
answer
Classify the hamster as furry
question
when assed to count the 4 beer bottles placed in front of him, three year old bud says "1, 2, 3, 4 there are four" when asked to count the bottles a second time he says "2, 5, 7, 4" buds counting skills demonstrate that he has mastered the ___ Principle of counting
answer
Cardinality
question
Seven month old shaq appers to possess a sense of "naive physics" which of his actions would indicate that?
answer
his suprise when a basketball appears to be hanging in mid-air when it is not attached to a string or other supporting device.
question
what can be done to improve the credibility of the testimony of a child?
answer
use questions that test a number of different hypotheses concerning the event