Exam 2 (Chapter 4,5,6,7) – Nutrition 1020 – Flashcards
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Changing one's frame of mind related to weight control and nutrition is called
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cognitive restructuring.
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Which of the following hormones is released during stressful times to increase blood glucose levels, making more energy available for use?
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Epinephrine
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The edema in children with kwashiorkor is the result of fluid leaking into
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body tissues from the bloodstream because of decreased blood protein levels.
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Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ______ that can leave the nucleus.
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mRNA
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Which of the following contains the greatest percentage of calories from fat?
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margarine
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Which of the following is true about basal metabolism?
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It represents about 60% to 70% of total calories used by a sedentary person during each day.
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Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?
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lactose
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Kwashiorkor usually is associated with a deficiency of
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protein
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Martha is maintaining her current weight by eating 2,500 kilocalories per day. To lose 1 pound of fat per week, she would have to decrease her intake to how many kilocalories per day?
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1,900 to 2,000
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Proteins that bind to foreign proteins in the body are
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antibodies
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Carol eats 800 kilocalories a day to lose weight. She is 40 years old. Carol has been walking briskly 60 minutes daily for the past 2 months. When she was younger, she lifted weights, but she has lost considerable lean body mass over the years due to inactivity. Recently, Carol was diagnosed with hypothyroidism which lowers metabolism. Which of the following factors increases Carol's energy output and promotes weight loss?
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Her walking routine
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Starch is comprised of hundreds and perhaps thousands of which molecule?
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glucose
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Which section of MyPlate is the least significant source of carbohydrate?
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protein
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_______ is the major monosaccharide found in the body
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glucose
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When eating a high-fiber diet, one should ______ fluid intake.
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increase
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Restricting food and beverage intake by ______ kilocalories per day below calorie needs typically leads to a weight loss of about1 pound per week.
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500
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Carbohydrate digestion begins in the
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mouth
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If a person does not eat enough carbohydrate to supply the glucose the body needs, which of the following will happen?
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The liver will convert amino acids to glucose.
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In proteins, amino acids are joined by ______ bonds.
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peptide
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Which of the following combinations of monosaccharides is true?
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Glucose and galactose form lactose.
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Cooking an egg alters its appearance due to
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denaturation
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To be transported throughout the body, fats are packaged in structures called
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lipoproteins
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Which of the following foods is the best source of insoluble (nonfermentable) fiber?
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broccoli
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The best estimate for the amount of protein required for nearly all adults is ______ g/kg/day.
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0.8
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Adequate intakes of ______ may play a role in the prevention of colon cancer.
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dietary fiber
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Which of the following testing methods is considered the most accurate way of measuring percent body fat?
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Infrared light
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A monounsaturated fatty acid contains
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one double bond.
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Sterols are similar to triglycerides in which of the following ways?
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They do not dissolve in water.
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When a person gains weight,
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?
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John Fibernugget wants to increase his fiber intake. Which of the following would be the safest way for him do this?
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Eating more fruits and vegetables and not removing the edible peels
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Which of the following describes type 1 diabetes mellitus?
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Caused by lack of insulin production
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The major fat-digesting enzyme is
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lipase.
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Which of the following is a true statement about the effects of sugar?
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Prolonged exposure of the teeth to simple sugars from snacks and drinks promotes dental caries.
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Consumption of fatty fish at least twice a week is recommended to provide omega-3 fatty acids. However, some fish—especially swordfish, shark, king mackerel, and tile fish—can be a source of ________, which is toxic in high amounts.
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mercury
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One would be likely to see a negative protein balance during
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starvation.(?)
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Which of the following foods is the best source of viscous (soluble) fiber?
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Whole wheat bread(?)
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If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the body's needs for glucose, which of the following can be converted to glucose?
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Amino acids(?)
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After absorption, long-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides inside intestinal cells are
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reformed into triglycerides.
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The nitrogen from amino acid breakdown is
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converted to urea.
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The method for determining energy expenditure in which the amount of oxygen a person uses is measured is called
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indirect calorimetry.
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We need to consume only about 5% of our total calories per day from essential fatty acids. This corresponds to about _______ of plant oil each day.
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2 to 4 tablespoons
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Most lipids are transported in the blood as part of a structure called a(n)
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lipoprotein.
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The principles of _______ include being aware of the entire eating experience from food preparation to consumption, including recognizing and respecting the physical hunger and satiety cues, and being wise in eating decisions.
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mindful eating
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Body weight in kilograms divided by height squared in meters yields
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the body mass index.
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Altering the environment to minimize the stimuli for eating is called
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stimulus control.
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A diglyceride consists of
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1 glycerol and 2 fatty acids.
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting intake of
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added sugars.
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Which of the following hormones corrects a hyperglycemic state?
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Insulin
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A person that does not eat any animal foods and consumes only plant products is called a(n)
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vegan.
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Which of the following is a rich source of saturated fatty acids?
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Coconut oil
