Exam 1 Study Guide - Flashcards

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(T/F) By 5000 B.C.E., Native Americans had transitioned into farming societies.

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True

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(T/F) Mexica tribes were deeply spiritual and incorporated human sacrifice into their religious worship.

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True

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(T/F) Pueblos were communities built by the Aztecs on cliff sides.

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False

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(T/F) Cahokia was a large, advanced regional center for the Mississippian culture.

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True

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(T/F) Ferdinand and Isabella forced Muslims and Jews to either become Christians or leave Spain.

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True

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(T/F) Many of the New World's early explorers were looking for a shorter and safer route around Africa to India.

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True

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(T/F) The New World was named for the Portuguese-sponsored explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

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True

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(T/F) Ferdinand Magellan's ship was the first to sail around the world.

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True

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(T/F) Calvinism stressed tolerance and liberal theology rather than a strict moral code.

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False

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(T/F) The Church of England was established by gradually integrating Calvinism with English Catholicism.

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True

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(T/F) Before the arrival of the Europeans, the horse was an important part of every New World culture.

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False

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(T/F) The brutal and exploitative systems that the Spanish implemented in the New World were largely the work of Bartolomé de Las Casas.

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False

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(T/F) The introduction of Indian foods, such as corn and potatoes, spurred a dramatic increase in Europe's population.

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True

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(T/F) The presence of horses transformed the ecology of the Great Plains.

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True

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(T/F) Virginia Dare, of Roanoke Island, was the first British child born in the New World.

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True

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Traditionally, scholars have believed that Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia into North America

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in pursuit of large game animals

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The newest theories of the earliest migrations from Asia to the Americas include

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This migration began much earlier than previously thought

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Around 1500 B.C.E., which group in Middle America (Mesoamerica) began developing large cities, including gigantic pyramids?

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Mayas

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The city of Tenochtitlán was founded in 1325 by the

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Aztecs

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had an empire of 371 city-states in thirty-eight provinces

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Aztecs

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At the time Europeans arrived in North America, Indians

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tended to worship spirits in their natural surroundings

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All of the following are true of the Anasazis EXCEPT that they

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were transformed by the arrival of horses

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lacked a rigid class structure, engaged in warfare only for self-defense, lived in the Southwest, were destroyed by a prolonged drought

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Anasazis

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Which of the following would NOT characterize the Mississippian Indian culture?

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cliff dwellings and widespread use of irrigation

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towns built around plazas and temples, cultivation of corn, beans, and squashes, mound-building societies, extensive trading activities

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Mississippian Indian culture

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Which of the following was NOT true of the Algonquians?

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built mounds like the Mississippians

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lived in wigwams or longhouses, villages numbered from 500 to 2,000 people, often moved their villages with the seasons, lived along the New England Seaboard and into the Upper Midwest

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Algonquians

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European exploration of the Americas was greatly assisted by

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new sailing technologies

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Which of the following was NOT true of Portuguese seagoing efforts

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early settlements included Newfoundland and the New England coastline

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well-trained and expert sailors, used three-masted ships called caravels, initially explored the coastline of West Africa, eventually initiated trade with China and India

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true of Portuguese seagoing efforts

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Which of the following was NOT a result of the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella?

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opening of the Atlantic slave trade

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unification of Spain into a single nation, expulsion of the Moors, increased interest in spreading Catholicism, expanded interest in exploration

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results of the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella

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The first Europeans to sail around Africa and on to India were the

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Portugese

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In most cases, Spanish explorers and soldiers who came to the New World were motivated by all of the following EXCEPT

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desire to serve their fellow man

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religious zeal, pursuit of riches, desire for power, and patriotism

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motivated Spanish explorers and soldiers who came to the New World

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Which of the following was NOT true of Columbus's first voyage

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made contact with continental America

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sailors nearly mutinied, made first landfall at San Salvador, consisted of three ships and ninety sailors, initially made contact with the Tainos, or Arawaks

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Columbus's first voyage

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Christopher Columbus first landed in the New World in

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the Bahamas

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On his first voyage, Columbus

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explored a number of Caribbean islands

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Columbus succeeded in

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inspiring subsequent European explorations

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John Cabot's crossing of the Atlantic in 1497 resulted in his

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making landfall in present-day Canada

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led the expedition that circumnavigated the globe

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Ferdinand Magellan

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The Protestant Reformation was launched in Europe by

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Martin Luther

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A central element of John Calvin's theology was his belief in

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predestination

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occurred more for political reasons than because of disagreement about religious doctrine

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The Protestant Reformation in England

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illustrated incredible strength and effectiveness

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monarch, Queen Elizabeth

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He did not design the system of native slavery adopted by Spain

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NOT true of Bartolomé de Las Casas

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Catholic priest, provided some of the most extensive writings on the Spanish conquest of native tribes, His father had sailed with Columbus, and He accused Spaniards of abusing natives

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Bartolomé de Las Casas

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Which of the following animals were NOT found in the New World before the Europeans arrived

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sheep and pigs

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flying squirrels and catfish, bison and opossums, turkeys and llamas, rattlesnakes and iguanas

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animals that were found in the New World before the Europeans arrived

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Cortés was primarily motivated by

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Aztec gold

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regional Indian tribes attempted to help the Mexica against the Spanish

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not true of Cortés's invasion of Mexico

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Cortés explained that the Spanish had a disease that only gold could cure, smallpox proved to be a very powerful weapon against the natives, Tenochtitlán held out for three months against a Spanish siege, and over 100,000 warriors were killed

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Cortés's invasion of Mexico

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Spanish explorers of North America, such as Narváez, de Soto, and Coronado

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added to the knowledge of the continent's interior

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allowed privileged Spanish landowners to control Indian villages

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The encomienda system

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not true of Bartolomé de Las Casas

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considered natives to be naturally inferior peoples

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was officially named "Protector of the Indians", gave away his land and freed his slaves, urged the Spanish government to do more to help the natives, and rejected the idea of forced conversion of Indians to Catholicism

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Bartolomé de Las Casas

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The primary objective of the thousands of priests in New Spain was to

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convert the Indians

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Food crops exported from the Americas

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allowed a population explosion

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Which of the following foods did Europeans introduce to the New World?

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wheat

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After the arrival of Europeans, the greatest number of Indians died as a result of

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disease

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It is possible that one third of the entire Native American population of Central America died as a result of

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smallpox

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In 1565, the first European town was established in the current-day United States at

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St. Augustine

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The original Spanish settlement of New Mexico

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was led by Juan de Oñate

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The presidios established by the Spaniards in the Southwest housed

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soldiers

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It led the Spaniards to immediately colonize Texas and California.

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NOT true of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680

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The introduction of horses to Plains tribes

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replaced dogs as beasts of burden

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Horses became so valuable in North America they

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intensified intertribal competition and warfare

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The French captain Jacques Cartier most importantly explored the

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St. Lawrence river

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Dutch sailors were essentially

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pirates

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attempted to invade England

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the Spanish Armada

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A major reason for the defeat of the Spanish Armada was

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storms in the North Sea

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The explorer Sir Humphrey Gilbert

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was lost at sea

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Which country did Sir Walter Raleigh argue should establish colonies in the New World

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England

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The English attempt to establish a colony on Roanoke Island resulted in

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the disappearance of the colonists

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The Spanish Empire began a precipitous decline because

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it became overly dependent on extraction of wealth

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conquered the Inca Empire

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Francisco Pizarro

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wrote The Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536)

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John Calvin

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led the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe but was killed in the Philippines

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Ferdinand Magellan

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began the Protestant Reformation

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Martin Luther

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was the captain of the Santa Maria

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Christopher Columbus

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led the first French effort to colonize the New World

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Jacques Cartier

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defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588

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Elizabeth I

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explored what is now the southeastern United States

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Hernando de Soto

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a priest who advocated for humanitarian treatment of natives

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Bartolomé de Las Casas

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founded the first British colony in the New World at Roanoke Island

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Sir Humphrey Gilbert

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(T/F) Englishmen had a very well-developed sense of liberty as a result of the Magna Carta and the establishment of Parliament.

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True

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(T/F) As a result of the Glorious Revolution, England abolished the monarchy and became a republic.

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False

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(T/F) The Virginia Company was a joint-stock company.

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True

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(T/F) Sir Edwin Sandys took over the Virginia Company in 1618 and instituted important changes that stabilized the colony.

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True

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(T/F) By the mid-1670s, many of Virginia's free white adult males owned no land, and squatting became a significant problem.

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True

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(T/F) Nathaniel Bacon was an indentured servant who led a Virginia rebellion

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False

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(T/F) Because of its harsh winters, New England had a death rate that was higher than that of Maryland or Virginia.

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False

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(T/F) After being banished from Massachusetts because of his strict interpretation of the Puritan faith, Roger Williams founded Rhode Island.

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True

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(T/F) The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina established a formal nobility and provided for religious toleration.

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True

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(T/F) Peter Stuyvesant was the defiant governor of Rhode Island.

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False

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(T/F) New Netherland became one of the most ethnically diverse American colonies.

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True

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(T/F) Delaware was originally part of Pennsylvania.

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True

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(T/F) The Indian wars of the mid-1670s cost proportionately more casualties than any other American war.

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True

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(T/F) One in six captives died during the Middle Passage.

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True

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(T/F) As a result of the Christianity that was forced upon African slaves, the fundamental theme of slave religion was deliverance.

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True

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confronted a Church of England that was divided between Puritans and Anglicans

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James I

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disbanded Parliament from 1629 to 1640

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Charles I

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increased the power of Parliament

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The Glorious Revolution of 1688

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For the English preparing to colonize America, one model of settlement was provided by their country's prior experience in

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Ireland

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There was a growing population of beggars and vagabonds

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English society by the early 1600s

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The stockholders who invested in the Virginia Company were motivated primarily by

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financial profit

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One outstanding characteristic of Jamestown in its initial years was

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the high mortality rate among its settlers

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One of the important factors aiding the survival of the early Jamestown settlers was

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the assistance they received from the Indians

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made the colonists work in order to eat

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John Smith, Jamestown's leader

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during the "starving time" of 1609-1610, Jamestown settlers

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ate horses, dogs, rats, boots, and mice

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The Jamestown colony finally attained a measure of prosperity from

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tobacco

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was the favorite daughter of Powhatan

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Pocahontas

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The man who became head of the Virginia Company of London in 1618 and instituted a series of reforms to save the colony was

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Sir Edwin Sandys

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giving fifty acres of land to anyone who would transport himself to the colony and fifty more for any servants he might bring

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The headright system adopted for the Virginia colony

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In 1624, a British court dissolved the struggling Virginia Company, and Virginia:

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became a royal colony

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arrived as Virginia's royal governor in 1642

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Sir William Berkeley

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(T/F) Nathaniel Bacon had a close relationship with Governor Berkeley

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False

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He embodied many of the frustrations felt by the average Virginian at the time, He opposed the economic dominance of the large planters who had the governor's ear, He led a revolt of the poor against the well-connected and wealthy, He has been called the "Torchbearer of the Revolution"

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Nathaniel Bacon

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By the early 1700s, English merchants in the Carolinas established a thriving trade with southern Indians for

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deerskins

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brought indentured servants and small farmers together against the colony's rich planters and political leaders

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Bacon's Rebellion

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Maryland was established in 1634 as a refuge for

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English catholics

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Maryland sought to learn from the mistakes of Jamestown by

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recruiting a more committed group of colonists

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The early settlers of New England differed from those of the Chesapeake by being primarily

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middle class

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opposed Catholic elements in the Church of England

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The English Puritans

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(T/F) Pilgrims were a sect of radical Catholics

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False

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established the Plymouth colony, based their initial colonial government on the Mayflower Compact, were Separatists who had abandoned the Church of England, originally fled to Holland

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Pilgrims

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provided the original government for the Plymouth colony

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The Mayflower Compact

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Throughout New England, Congregational churches were

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self-governing

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When Massachusetts leader John Winthrop spoke of "a city upon a hill," he was referring to that colony's desire to

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serve as a model Christian community

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Anne Hutchinson was kicked out of Massachusetts for

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challenging the authority of male ministers

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After 1644, the right to vote in Massachusetts Bay was restricted to those who

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were members of a Puritan church

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had been banished from Massachusetts for his religious opinions

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Roger Williams founded Rhode Island after he

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believed that it was wrong to confiscate Indian lands

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Roger Williams

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permitting the colonies to essentially govern themselves

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cause of The English Civil War on American colonies

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The colonies established after the Restoration were all

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proprietary colonies

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A large number of South Carolina's original settlers were British planters from

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Barbados

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In the Southeast, the profitability of Indian captives prompted a frenzy of

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slaving activity

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(T/F) the Dutch administration of New Netherland encouraged the development of a democratic society

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False

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created as a profit-making enterprise, purchased Manhattan for the modern equivalent of $1,000, encouraged settlement by granting patroonships to wealthy individuals, embraced ethnic and religious diversity

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Dutch administration of New Netherland

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One of the important reasons why England took New Netherland from the Dutch was because of

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its location at the mouth of the Hudson River

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arrived in New Netherland

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The first Jews in the colonies

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(T/F) English Quakers followed charismatic preachers

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False

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opposed salaried ministers, refused military service, suffered great persecution, counted William Penn among their number

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English Quakers

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open to all religious believers

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colony of Pennsylvania

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(T/F) Georgia succeeded in keeping out slavery

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False

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It was the last of the English colonies to be established, It was to serve as a military buffer against Spanish Florida, It was a haven for the "poor children...that pester the streets of London.", James Oglethorpe led the initial settlers

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Georgia

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The first commercially important natural resource in the Indian-English dynamic was

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furs

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Puritans sought to have Indians

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move to "praying towns"

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For the Pequots, the result of the 1637 war that they fought with New England settlers was

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slaughter and enslavement

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was the Indian principal behind King Philip's War

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Metacomet

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(T/F) the Iroquois League was primarily based along the Mississippi River

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False

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was governed by the Great Law of Peace, was involved in the beaver pelt trade with the Dutch and English, was made up of the Seneca, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and Cayuga, believed in principles of equity and justice

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Iroquois League

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"Family slavery" was having slaves and masters living under the same roof.

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true of the institution of slavery in the American colonies

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(T/F) Africans as slaves had a long history with Christianity in Africa

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False

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spoke many different languages and held complex religious beliefs, many had experienced a less brutal form of slavery in Africa, were often branded by the company who claimed ownership, and one in six died during the Middle Passage

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Africans as slaves

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By the early eighteenth century, the English colonies in North America

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were the most populous and prosperous on the continent

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William Bradford (location)

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Plymouth

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Cecilius Calvert (location)

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Maryland

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eight lords proprietors (location)

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Carolina

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George Carteret (location)

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New Jersey

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Peter Stuyvesant (location)

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New Netherland

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James Oglethorpe (location)

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Georgia

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William Penn (location)

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Pennsylvania

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John Smith (location)

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Virginia

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Roger Williams (location)

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Rhode Island

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John Winthrop (location)

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Massachusetts Bay

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(T/F) England transported more than 50,000 convicts to the North American colonies for settlement

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True

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(T/F) In the New World, people were generally safe from disease and epidemics

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False

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(T/F) Most colonists strongly believed in the inferiority of women

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True

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(T/F) In British North America, black men and women were often excluded from religious services out of the belief that Christianized slaves might seek to gain freedom

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True

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(T/F) The most important crop in the Virginia colony was tobacco

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True

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(T/F) By 1700, tobacco, rice, and indigo were the most important export crops of Maryland, Virginia, and the Carolinas

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True

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(T/F) New Englanders, more than southerners, turned to the sea for their livelihood

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True

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(T/F) Belief in witchcraft was widespread throughout Europe in the seventeenth century

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True

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(T/F) In 1691-1692, mass hysteria struck the town of Salem, Massachusetts, in the form of an outbreak of alleged witchcraft

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True

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(T/F) The colony of Pennsylvania was one of the most diverse in English North America, with English, German, Scots-Irish, and a variety of smaller national and ethnic groups represented

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True

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(T/F) Initially, in the early seventeenth century, many of the first slaves were treated like indentured servants and earned their freedom

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True

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(T/F) During the eighteenth century, demand for slaves in the southern colonies declined slightly

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False

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(T/F) Because traveling at night was dangerous in the colonies, taverns became important during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries

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True

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(T/F) Jonathan Edwards saw emotionalism as a weakness among Christians

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False

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(T/F) George Whitefield was a great preacher who impressed even Benjamin Franklin with his eloquence

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True

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Which of the following was an advantage for women in North America regarding an expanding population

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Women often had a child every two or three years before menopause

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Benjamin Franklin believed a major reason for colonial population growth was

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an abundance of cheap land

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Although diseases were widespread in North America, colonists were less susceptible because

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of the dispersed nature of the American population

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Throughout the colonies, husbands expected what from their wives?

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submission to their authority

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(T/F) Women were not expected to work in highly skilled occupations

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False

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Unmarried women often worked outside the home, Women often did piecemeal work like spinning thread into yarn, Farm women had a very diverse realm of responsibilities, Marriage usually isolated women to their own homes and gardens

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women's labor

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often remained confined to the domestic sphere

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women in the American colonies

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During the colonial period, prostitution

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was especially common in port cities

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(T/F) Eliza Pinckney could be called a modern woman living in the colonial world for occupying a supervisory role over her male counterparts

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False

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she managed three plantations, she was a dedicated wife and mother, she managed her family affairs in addition to her other responsibilities, and she cultivated indigo as a very lucrative cash crop

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Eliza Pinckney (could be called a modern woman living in the colonial world)

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were more likely to be churchgoers than men

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women

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In the seventeenth century, the cash crop that was the basis of the economy in Virginia and Maryland was

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tobacco

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the creation of irrigation systems that allowed laborers to flood and drain the fields

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helped the success of rice for South Carolina

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Settlers lived in very primitive houses

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early colonial life in the Chesapeake region

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It was more governed by religious concerns than the middle and southern colonies

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New England in the seventeenth century

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Early settlers of Puritan New England typically lived

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in communities where church and state were not separate

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The covenant theory from which the Puritans drew their ideas contained

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certain kernels of democracy in both church and state

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(T/F) New England home life: Most New Englanders had well-appointed homes with glass windows

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False

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Lived in plain and sturdy dwellings, most people went to bed at dark regardless of the season, the "chair man" sat at the head of the table at dinner, family life was centered around the main room with a fireplace

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New England home life

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New England's most important commodity was

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fish

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Which of the following spurred shipbuilding in New England

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the region's extensive forests

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New England was settled by

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religious fundamentalists

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adolescent girls began to exhibit strange afflictions

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when witch craze in Salem started

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best explanation for the Salem witch craze

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social division and anxieties within the village

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geographically and culturally stood between the New England and southern colonies

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middle colonies

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Which of the following terms related to land policy in New York

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patroonship

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The largest number of German immigrants to the colonies settled in

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Pennsylvania

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Of the following colonies, which one most embraced religious and ethnic diversity

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Pennsylvania

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NOT a major immigrant group to Pennsylvania

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Puritans

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major immigrant groups to Pennsylvania

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Mennonites, Scots-Irish, Germans, Quakers

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outlined the local laws that governed slave life and ownership

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Slave codes

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Legally speaking, slaves were

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property

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(T/F) early colonial slavery: all slaves could expect a lifetime in bondage

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False

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Far more slaves went to the West Indies than to North America, Slavery was present in all the English colonies, Slaves had higher survival rates in North America than in the West Indies, No colony had a majority-slave population

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early colonial slavery

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tightened controls on slaves

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The Stono Rebellion

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Slaves who lived in northern colonies

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usually lived and worked in cities and towns

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The events surrounding a suspected slave revolt in New York City in 1741 offer parallels to

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the Salem witch craze

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The largest city in the colonies at the end of the colonial period

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Philadelphia

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By the end of the colonial period, American cities

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held no more than 10 percent of the total population

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By 1700, the most democratic and important social institutions were

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taverns

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John Peter Zenger's trial in 1735 established

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that truth is a defense in libel cases

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Enlightenment thinkers such as Isaac Newton stressed the

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ability of reason to discover the laws of the universe

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Benjamin Franklin emphasized the Enlightenment in his

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passion for science and experimentation

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education in the colonies was

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usually seen as the responsibility of family and church

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Puritan commitment to education is best explained by their

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need to read the Scriptures

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The Great Awakening developed in reaction to the

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Deism and skepticism associated with the Enlightenment

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Which church dominated the Chesapeake region by 1700

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Anglican

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(T/F) The religious revivals known as the Great Awakening further promote Enlightenment thinking

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False

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affect all thirteen colonies, split a number of churches, feature traveling ministers, emphasize an emotional style of preaching

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The religious revivals known as the Great Awakening

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Jonathan Edwards's famous sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," described

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the gruesome reality of hell

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The English revivalist who preached to thousands and so impressed Benjamin Franklin was

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George Whitefield

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(T/F) The Tennents urged people to renounce their ministers and pursue salvation on their own

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False

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called old line ministers "cold and sapless", were disciples of Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield, considered the gathering of wealth to be acceptable for Christians, urged parishioners to change their condition through political activity

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The Tennents

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women who rose to speak during religious services

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One of the most controversial elements of the Great Awakening

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New Lights differed from Old Lights by

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incorporating democracy and emotionalism into faith

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One result of the Great Awakening was that it spurred an increase in the number of

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colleges

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(T/F) The University of Virginia was reated as a result of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century religious developments

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False

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College of William and Mary, Harvard College, Yale College, College of New Jersey

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created as a result of seventeenth- and eighteenth-century religious developments

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gave the sermon, "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"

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Jonathan Edwards

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urged people to pursue salvation without ministers

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William Tennent

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urged his parishioners to experience a "new birth"

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George Whitefield

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challenged biblical notions through science

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Isaac Newton

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former slave who became a major Virginia landowner

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Anthony Johnson

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author of the Pennsylvania Gazette and Poor Richard's Almanack

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Benjamin Franklin

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was a newspaper editor tried for libel

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John Peter Zenger

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developed indigo as an exotic staple

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Eliza Pinckney

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advocate of "natural law" and "natural rights"

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John Locke

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confessed to witchcraft in Salem

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Tituba

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(T/F) Britain's adoption of mercantilist policies set it apart from other European powers of the seventeenth century

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False

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(T/F) In the Dominion of New England, taxes were levied without the consent of the assembly

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True

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(T/F) The Glorious Revolution was bloodier (in terms of battle deaths) than the English Civil War

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False

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(T/F) John Locke's writings justified revolution in some cases

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True

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(T/F) Through the first half of the eighteenth century, the power of the colonial assemblies generally declined

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False

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(T/F) George Washington played a major role in the start of the French and Indian War

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True

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(T/F) Benjamin Franklin headed the committee that produced the Plan of Union in 1754

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True

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(T/F) Although the Seven Years' War has often been called a world war, there was very little international conflict

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False

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(T/F) Like his grandfather and great-grandfather, George III cared little about England

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False

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(T/F) George Grenville continued the policy of "salutary neglect"

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False

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(T/F) The Stamp Act placed the first tax on the new colonial postal system

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False

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(T/F) The Quartering Act required the colonies to provide provisions and barracks for British soldiers

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True

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(T/F) The Gaspée incident involved the burning of a church in Boston by British soldiers

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False

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(T/F) John and Samuel Adams urged their fellow colonists to reject the arguments of Common Sense

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False

question

(T/F) Thomas Jefferson was the chief author (or "draftsman") of the Declaration of Independence.

answer

True

question

The Spanish colonies in North America failed, in part, because

answer

the region lacked the gold and silver of Central and South America

question

Which of the following did the French settle first?

answer

Quebec

question

established cooperative relations with the Indians

answer

French colonists in North America

question

By 1750, the French population in North America

answer

was vastly outnumbered by the English

question

required all goods imported into Britain or the colonies to be shipped in British vessels

answer

The Navigation Act of 1651

question

government's attempt to maintain a favorable balance of trade

answer

Mercantilism

question

The right to vote for members of the colonial assemblies was

answer

extended to a greater proportion of the population than anywhere else in the world

question

The Navigation Act of 1660 specified "enumerated" goods that

answer

could only be shipped to England or its colonies

question

In 1678, a defiant Massachusetts legislature declared the Navigation Acts

answer

had no legal standing in the colony

question

marked an attempt to bolster the authority of the Crown

answer

The Dominion of New England

question

As royal governor of the Dominion of New England, Sir Edmund Andros

answer

was deposed as a result of the Glorious Revolution

question

One change brought to the American colonies after the Glorious Revolution was that the

answer

monarchy attempted to tighten its grip on the colonies by making more of them royal colonies

question

had veto power over colonial assemblies

answer

Colonial royal governors:

question

John Locke's contract theory of government argued that

answer

men have certain rights in the state of nature, including the right to life, liberty, and property

question

a blanket search warrant that did not specify the place to be searched

answer

A "writ of assistance"

question

Prime Minister Robert Walpole's relaxed policy toward the colonies

answer

enabled the Americans to pursue greater political independence

question

During the period of salutary neglect

answer

the British government took less of a role in governing the American colonies

question

A series of British wars against the French began during the reign of King

answer

William

question

The colonial wars had a devastating effect on the people of

answer

Massachusetts

question

The French and Indian War was triggered by

answer

conflicting French and English claims to the Ohio Valley

question

Benjamin Franklin and others drafted a plan for a united colonial government

answer

At the Albany Congress

question

The result of General Edward Braddock's effort to capture Fort Duquesne was

answer

a devastating ambush and defeat

question

The war that erupted between the French and the British in North America

answer

became a world war

question

In the South, British troops and colonial militia fought the

answer

Cherokees

question

As a result of the 1763 Treaty of Paris, Britain acquired what from Spain?

answer

Florida

question

At the end of the war, New Orleans and all of the French lands west of the Mississippi

answer

went to Spain

question

The triumph of what Britain called the Great War saw Americans

answer

celebrating as joyously as Londoners

question

(T/F) Pontiac's Rebellion involved the return of French soldiers to Canada

answer

False

question

Indian attacks on the British frontier, British use of germ warfare against the Indians, the leadership of an Ottawa chief by that name, Indian rejection of the terms of the Treaty of Paris

answer

Pontiac's Rebellion

question

In Pennsylvania, the Paxton Boys

answer

killed and threatened peaceful Indians

question

The immediate consequence of Pontiac's Rebellion was most Americans believing that

answer

all Indians must be removed

question

The Royal Proclamation of 1763

answer

prohibited American settlement west of the Appalachians

question

One of the chief objectives of policy under George Grenville was to

answer

reduce Britain's enormous debt

question

was intended to generate revenue from the colonies

answer

The Sugar Act of 1764

question

prohibited the colonies from making their currency legal tender

answer

The Currency Act of 1764

question

required revenue stamps on legal and commercial documents

answer

The 1765 Stamp Act

question

The Quartering Act required Americans to

answer

house and feed British soldiers

question

reasserted the government's right to tax the colonists

answer

The Declaratory Act of 1766

question

In 1766, in response to American protests, Parliament

answer

repealed the Stamp Act

question

(T/F) Townshend duties: the shipbuilding industry was hurt as imports and exports decreased

answer

False

question

The colonists were further antagonized, A number of colonial imports were taxed, British manufacturing was hurt because British exports were taxed, They were designed to raise revenue for the Crown

answer

Townshend duties

question

Perhaps the most radical of the American rebels was Bostonian

answer

Samuel Adams

question

all but two of the British defendants were acquitted

answer

As a result of the Boston Massacre

question

When the British ship Gaspée ran aground in Rhode Island, the local population

answer

burned it

question

The major objective of the Tea Act of 1773 was to

answer

bail out the East India Company

question

Americans destroyed forty-six tons of tea

answer

Boston Tea Party

question

The purpose of the Coercive Acts was to

answer

punish Boston for the Tea Party

question

In April 1775, the British marched to Concord, Massachusetts, in an effort to

answer

seize a stockpile of weapons, ammunition, and powder

question

At the Battle of Bunker Hill

answer

the British suffered major casualties

question

(T/F) The Olive Branch Petition changed the thinking of George III toward the Americans

answer

False

question

It attempted to reconcile the colonists and the British, It was authored by John Dickinson, It rejected independence, It was issued by the Continental Congress

answer

The Olive Branch Petition

question

(T/F) the early Revolution: Patriots were universally united behind the cause of independence

answer

False

question

Americans were farmers, not soldiers, The Patriots lacked military training and discipline, The British army was the best trained and equipped in the world, Americans had the advantage of knowing the local terrain

answer

the early Revolution

question

(T/F) Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence secured American independence

answer

False

question

it took many ideas from George Mason and John Locke, it was revised by other members of the Congress, it was meant as a statement of American principles and grievances, it spoke of certain "unalienable rights"

answer

Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence

question

was a British general in the French and Indian War

answer

Edward Braddock

question

surrendered Fort Necessity to the French

answer

George Washington

question

wrote Common Sense

answer

Thomas Paine

question

architect of the Albany Plan of Union

answer

Benjamin Franklin

question

warned citizens of Lexington of a British military advance

answer

Paul Revere

question

wrote Two Treatises on Government

answer

John Locke

question

was a British war minister during the French and Indian War

answer

William Pitt

question

organized the Sons of Liberty

answer

Samuel Adams

question

proposed the Stamp Act

answer

George Grenville

question

was the governor of the Dominion of New England

answer

Edmund Andros

question

expansion of Europe motivations: 3Gs

answer

God, Glory, Gold

question

more humans have died for ________ than any other cause

answer

religion

question

1499 came to America, and it was named after him

answer

Amerigo Vespucci

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