Please enter something
Home Page Flashcards Ethyl formate C3H6O2 structure - Flashcards

Ethyl formate C3H6O2 structure – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : Daniel Jimmerson

Molecular Formula C3H6O2
Average mass 74.078 Da
Density 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 54.7±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point -19.4±0.0 °C
Molar Refractivity 17.9±0.3 cm3
Polarizability 7.1±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension 23.5±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume 81.7±3.0 cm3
  • Experimental data
  • Predicted – ACD/Labs
  • Predicted – EPISuite
  • Predicted – ChemAxon
  • Predicted – Mcule
  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties

    • Experimental Melting Point:

      -81 °C Alfa Aesar
      -81 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      -80 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 13166
      -79.6 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 20456
      -81 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 15804, 7174
      -81 °C Alfa Aesar A11113
      -80 °C SynQuest 2123-1-03
      -80 °C Oakwood 044728
      -80.5 °C LabNetwork LN00163927
      -80.5 °C FooDB FDB003253

    • Experimental Boiling Point:

      52-54 °C Alfa Aesar
      130 F (54.4444 °C)
      NIOSH LQ8400000
      54 °C Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Ethyl formate
      54 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      52-54 °C Alfa Aesar A11113
      52-54 °C SynQuest 2123-1-03
      52-54 °C Oakwood 044728
      54.4 °C LabNetwork LN00163927
      54 °C FooDB FDB003253

    • Experimental Ionization Potent:

      10.61 Ev NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Experimental Vapor Pressure:

      200 mmHg NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Experimental Flash Point:

      -19 °C Alfa Aesar
      -4 F (-20 °C)
      NIOSH LQ8400000
      -20 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      -19 °C Alfa Aesar
      -19 °F (-28.3333 °C)
      Alfa Aesar A11113
      -19 °C SynQuest 2123-1-03
      -19 °C Oakwood 044728
      -20 °C LabNetwork LN00163927

    • Experimental Freezing Point:

      -113 F (-80.5556 °C)
      NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Experimental Gravity:

      0.921 g/mL Alfa Aesar A11113
      0.921 g/mL SynQuest 2123-1-03
      0.921 g/mL Oakwood 044728
      0.921 g/mL Fluorochem
      0.921 g/l Fluorochem 044728

    • Experimental Refraction Index:

      1.359 Alfa Aesar A11113
      1.359-1.363 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Ethyl formate
      20 FooDB FDB003253
  • Miscellaneous

    • Appearance:

      Colorless liquid with a fruity odor. NIOSH LQ8400000
      Colourless liquid with a sharp, rum-like odour Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Ethyl formate
      colourless liquid with an aromatic odour Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Stability:

      Stable. Extremely flammable. May form explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash pointand wide explosive limits. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong acids, nitrates. Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Toxicity:

      ORL-RAT LD50 1850 mg kg-1 Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Safety:

      11-20/22-36/37 Alfa Aesar A11113
      3 Alfa Aesar A11113
      9-16-24-26-33 Alfa Aesar A11113
      Danger Alfa Aesar A11113
      DANGER: FLAMMABLE, causes CNS injury, lung & eye irritation Alfa Aesar A11113
      H225-H302-H332-H319-H335 Alfa Aesar A11113
      Highly Flammable/Harmful/Moisture Sensitive SynQuest 2123-1-03
      P210-P262-P243-P305+P351+P338-P403 Alfa Aesar A11113
      Safety glasses, good ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition,including hot plates and equipment which may generate sparks or static. Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • First-Aid:

      Eye: Irrigate immediately Skin: Water flush immediately Breathing: Respiratory support Swallow: Medical attention immediately NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Exposure Routes:

      inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Symptoms:

      Irritation eyes, upper respiratory system; in animals: narcosis NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Target Organs:

      Eyes, respiratory system, central nervous system NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Incompatibility:

      Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids [Note: Decomposes slowly in water to form ethyl alcohol and formic acid.] NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Personal Protection:

      Skin: Prevent skin contact Eyes: Prevent eye contact Wash skin: When contaminated Remove: When wet (flammable) Change: No recommendation NIOSH LQ8400000

    • Exposure Limits:

      NIOSH REL : TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m 3 ) OSHA PEL : TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m 3 ) NIOSH LQ8400000
  • Gas Chromatography

    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      584 (estimated with error: 89) NIST Spectra mainlib_118854, replib_61955, replib_228219
      457 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 90 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: PMS-1000; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chromaton N-AW-DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Arutyunov, Y.I.; Kudryashov, S.Y.; Onuchak, L.A., Analysis of Mixtures Containing Unknown Components by Gas Chromatography: Determination of Molecular Mass, J. Anal. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 59(4), 2004, 358-365, In original 403-411.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      501 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SE-30; Substrate: Gaschrom Q; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Winskowski, J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung von Stoffen anhand von Indexziffem und unterschiedlichen Detektoren, Chromatographia, 17(3), 1983, 160-165.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      495 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 12 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SE-30; Substrate: Celaton (62-72 mesh); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Ashes, J.R.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. VI. Structure-retention increments of aliphatic esters, J. Chromatogr., 101, 1974, 103-123., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J-E., Topological Analysis: A Technique for the Physico-Chemical Exploitation of Retention Data in Gas-Liquid Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 158, 1978, 43-56.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      487 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 12 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SE-30; Substrate: Celite 560; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Germaine, R.W.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. Part 1. Simple aliphatic esters, J. Chromatogr., 43, 1969, 33-42.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      463 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 6 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 50 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chromosorb W-AM; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Becerra, M.R.; Sanchez, E.F.; Dominguez, J.A.G.; Munoz, J.G.; Molera, M.J., The use of gaseous and liquid n-paraffins in GC identification of oxidation products of acetondimethyl acetal, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 20, 1982, 363-366.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      474 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 200 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Porapack Q; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Goebel, K.-J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung Niedrig Siedender Substanzen Mittels Retentionsindices und Rechnerhilfe, J. Chromatogr., 235, 1982, 119-127.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      465 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite 545; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      468 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2.25 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wehrli, A.; Kovats, E., Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen, Helv. Chim. Acta, 7, 1959, 2709-2736., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 70 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Apiezon L; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      469 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 160 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite 545; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      456 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 50 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Squalane; Substrate: Chromosorb G; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mira, J.M.; Sanchez, L.G., Polarity of the Gas Chromatographic Stationary Phases and Retention Indices of Aliphatic Esters, Ketones and Alcohols, Anal. Chim. Acta., 50, 1970, 315-321.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      455 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 2.25 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Celite; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wehrli, A.; Kovats, E., Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen, Helv. Chim. Acta, 7, 1959, 2709-2736.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      842 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 75 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Kieselgur (60-100 mesh); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Goebel, K.-J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung Niedrig Siedender Substanzen Mittels Retentionsindices und Rechnerhilfe, J. Chromatogr., 235, 1982, 119-127.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      820 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard polar; Column type: Packed; Start T: 125 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Substrate: Celite 545; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: van den Dool, H.; Kratz, P. Dec., A generalization of the retention index system including linear temperature programmed gas-liquid partition chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 11, 1963, 463-471.) NIST Spectra nist ri

    • Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

      502 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 3 min at 5 C; 5 – 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 – 220 C at 5 deg/min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ciccioli, P.; Brancaleoni, E.; Cecinato, A.; Sparapani, R.; Frattoni, M., Identification and determination of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds in forest areas of Northern and Southern Europe and a remote site of the Himalaya region by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 643, 1993, 55-69., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 105 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Polydimethyl siloxane; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 1216, 2009, 1630-1639., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 90 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Polydimethyl siloxane; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 1216, 2009, 1630-1639., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: OV-101; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Shibamoto, T., Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis, in Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra, P.; Bicchi, C., ed(s), Hutchig Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 1987, 259-274., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Brachetti, A.; Frattoni, M.; Sparapani, R., Composition and Distribution of Polar and Non-Polar VOCs in Urban, Rural, Forest and Remote Areas, Eur Commission EUR, , 1994, 549-568.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      504 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 75 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Polydimethyl siloxane; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 1216, 2009, 1630-1639.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      495 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Chen, Y.; Feng, C., QSPR study on gas chromatography retention index of some organic pollutants, Comput. Appl. Chem. (China), 24(10), 2007, 1404-1408., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Du, X., Quantitative structure-property relationship study on analysis of retention index of organic compound in gas chromatography, Chemical World (Chinese), 42(8), 2001, 403-406., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Du, X.; Feng, C., Correlativity research between topological dyeing index and gas chromatography retention index of fatty esters, J. Petrochem. Univ. (Chinese), 21(1), 2008, 16-20.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      530 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 80 C; End T: 200 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: OV-101; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Anker, L.S.; Jurs, P.C.; Edwards, P.A., Quantitative structure-retention relationship studies of odor-active aliphatic compounds with oxygen-containing functional groups, Anal. Chem., 62, 1990, 2676-2684., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      506.8 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 260 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 3 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: J&W Scientific, Solvent Retention Data, 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      536.6 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 260 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: RTX-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Restek, Restek International, 1999 Product Guide, 1(1), 1999, 578-591, In original 578-591.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      487 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G., Mutual Correlation between Gas-Chromatographic Retention Indices of Organic Compounds from Different Series, Zh. Anal. Khim., 54(12), 1999, 1272-1279, In original 1272-1279.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      521 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 40C(6min)=>5C/min=>80C=>10C/min=>200C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 5 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      497.6 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.03 in; Column length: 1000 ft; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 80 C; End T: 225 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: SF-96; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Mussinan, C.J.; Walradt, J.P., Volatile constituents of pressure cooked pork liver, J. Agric. Food Chem., 22(5), 1974, 827-831.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      510 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: HP-5; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zhao, Y.; Li, J.; Xu, Y.; Duan, H.; Fan, W.; Zhao, G., EXtraction, preparation and identification of volatile compounds in Changyu XO brandy, Chinese J. Chromatogr., 26(2), 2008, 212-222.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      478 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 125 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: H2; Substrate: Chromosorb W (80-100 mesh); Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Cremer, E.; Nonn, H., Kennzahlen zur Identifizierung chromatographisch getrennter Komponenten, Monatsh. Chem., 3, 1964, 910-921.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      830 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 60 0C (3 min) ^ 2 0C/min -> 150 0C ^ 4 0C/min -> 200 0C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-Wax; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Kim. J.H.; Ahn, H.J.; Yook, H.S.; Kim, K.S.; Rhee, M.S.; Ryu, G.H.; Byun, M.W., Color, flavor, and sensory characteristics of gamma-irradiated salted and fermented anchovy sauce, Radiation Phys. Chem., 69, 2004, 179-187.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      806 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 80 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 170 C; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Anker, L.S.; Jurs, P.C.; Edwards, P.A., Quantitative structure-retention relationship studies of odor-active aliphatic compounds with oxygen-containing functional groups, Anal. Chem., 62, 1990, 2676-2684., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      814 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 230 C; End time: 25 min; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-Wax; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Dregus, M.; Engel, K.-H., Volatile constituents of uncooked Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum L.) stalks, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 2003, 6530-6536.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      832 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 230 C; Start time: 7 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-Wax; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: J&W Scientific, Solvent Retention Data, 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      836.4 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.18 mm; Column length: 20 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 50C(1.2min) =>16C/min =>150C => 66C/min => 240C (2.5min); CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-Wax; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.18 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: LECO Corporation, Qualitative comparison of whisky samples using fast GC/TOFMS, 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      811 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 180 C; Start time: 4 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-Wax; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ito, Y.; Sugimoto, A.; Kakuda, T.; Kubota, K., Identification of potent odorants in Chinese jasmine green tea scented with flowers of Jasminum sambac, J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2002, 4878-4884.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      821 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 230 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 10 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: TC-Wax; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Suhardi, S.; Suzuki, M.; Yoshida, K.; Muto, T.; Fujita, A.; Watanbe, N., Changes in the volatile compounds and in the chemical and physical properties of snake fruit (Salacca edulis Reinw) Cv. Pondoh during maturation, J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 2002, 7627-7633.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      800 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 80 C; End T: 240 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: TC-Wax; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Shuichi, H.; Masazumi, N.; Hiromu, K.; Kiyoshi, F., Comparison of volatile compounds berween the crude drugs, Onji-tsutsu and Onji-niki, Nippon nogei kagaku kaishi, 70(2), 1996, 151-160.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      825 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 2 K/min; Start T: 40 C; End T: 200 C; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: DB-Wax; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Umano, K.; Hagi, Y.; Nakahara, K.; Shyoji, A.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile chemicals formed in the headspace of a heated D-glucose/L-cysteine Maillard model system, J. Agric. Food Chem., 43, 1995, 2212-2218.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      810 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Shibamoto, T., Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis, in Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra, P.; Bicchi, C., ed(s), Hutchig Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 1987, 259-274.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      828.3 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard polar; Column diameter: 0.03 in; Column length: 1000 ft; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 80 C; End T: 225 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: Carbowax 20M; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Mussinan, C.J.; Walradt, J.P., Volatile constituents of pressure cooked pork liver, J. Agric. Food Chem., 22(5), 1974, 827-831.) NIST Spectra nist ri

    • Retention Index (Linear):

      481 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 60 min; Start time: 10 min; CAS no: 109944; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.4 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R., Volatile flavor constituents of acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) fruit, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 2001, 5880-5882., Program type: Ramp; Column cl

      Get an explanation on any task
      Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
      New
      Get unstuck with AI assistant right now
      • Enter your topic/question
      • Receive an explanation
      Pro tips to get quality response
      • Ask one question at a time
      • Enter a specific assignment topic
      • Aim at least 500 characters
      Question
      What is the right structure for an essay
      Answer
      A paragraph is a related group of sentences that develops one main idea. Each paragraph in the body of the essay should contain:
      • a topic sentence that states the main or controlling idea
      • supporting sentences to explain and develop the point you’re making
      • evidence from your reading or an example from the subject area that supports your point
      • analysis of the implication/significance/impact of the evidence finished off with a critical conclusion you have drawn from the evidence.