question

All of the following enhance the effectiveness of punishment except

answer

Increasing the reinforcer deprivation level

question

Bridge for elephant

answer

Cricket

question

Differential reinforcement is best used in combination with

answer

Extinction

question

Efforts to influence people through modeling via mass media are called ________

answer

Edutainment

question

Generally speaking, the more intense a punisher, the ________

answer

more it suppresses behavior

question

Howard studied hard for his math test and found that what he learned helped him on his physics test. Howard benefited from ________

answer

generalization

question

If a person smokes a pack of cigarettes a day, in a year, cigarette smoking is reinforced ________

answer

73,000 times

question

If an observer looks on as a model's behavior is reinforced, we speak of ________

answer

vicarious reinforcement

question

In a study, some observers watched a model slide a door and retrieve a desired item. Other observers saw the door slide in the absence of a model, revealing the desired item. The latter procedure is called the ________ condition

answer

ghost

question

In errorless discrimination training, ________

answer

The S ^ triangle is introduced in very weak form and it's strength is gradually increased

question

Jill trains her dog, Boozer, to come to her when she snaps her fingers. She snaps her fingers, then gives the dog a bit of food when it approaches. Finger snapping is a(n) ________

answer

S^D

question

Learning is a change in behavior due to experience. In observational, the experience consists of ________

answer

Observing events and their consequences

question

Of the following procedures, the one that reinforces behavior that cannot be performed at the same time as the unwanted behavior is

answer

DRI

question

One problem with extinction as a way of reducing the frequency of potentially harmful behavior is that

answer

the behavior on extinction sometimes increases at first

question

Primatologist found that wild young female chimps are more likely than males to learn about ________

answer

termite fishing

question

Research suggests that bonuses based on employee performance can improve productivity

answer

and reduce company costs

question

Researchers found that when teacher made a few simple changes in how they taught, changes that included a shift from reprimands and threats to praise and positive feedback, students advanced at ________ the normal rate in reading

answer

more than twice

question

Steven, a drug abuser, is released from a clinic. He is free from drugs, and has sworn never to take drugs again. He returns to his old neighborhood. You predict that within six months, Steven will ________

answer

be abusing drugs again

question

T/F: In using punishment, it is best to begin with a weak punisher and gradually increase its strength as needed

answer

false

question

T/F: Most teachers reprimand students more often than they praise them

answer

True

question

T/F: There is no scientific support for symptom substitution

answer

true

question

T/F: When using punishment to suppress an undesirable behavior, it is important to provide alternative means of obtaining the reinforcers that have maintained that behavior

answer

true

question

T/F: Although punishment can have negative side effects, there is evidence that it can also have positive side effects

answer

true

question

T/F: positive punishment necessarily involves aversives

answer

true

question

T/F: the effects of reinforcement generalize, but the effects of extinction and punishment do not

answer

false

question

T/F: time out is a form of punishment

answer

true

question

The first studies of observational learning _____

answer

failed to find evidence of observational learning in animals

question

The tendency to imitate modeled behavior even when doing so is not reinforced is called ______

answer

generalized imitation

question

The word positive in positive punishment refers to the fact that

answer

something is added

question

When six-month old Joey cries, his mother, Martha, can tell what he needs even before she goes to him. Martha's skill is an example of ______

answer

Discrimination

question

Your text describes the use of __________ to get a bull elephant to cooperate with having his toenails trimmed

answer

shaping

question

Clark's nutcrackers could recall the location of food caches for up to

answer

6 months

question

Riding a bicycle is an example of _____ memory

answer

procedural

question

When what we learned on Monday interferes with our ability to recall what we learned the following Tuesday, we speak of _______

answer

proactive interference

question

When forgetting occurs because the environment during recall is different from the environment during training, it is said to be _______

answer

cue-dependent

question

The names of the Great Lakes can be recalled with help of the acronym, _____

answer

HOMES

question

A system for learning with flash cards is known by the acronym, ______

answer

SAFMEDS

question

T/F: Forgetting is a deterioration in learned performance following a period without practice

answer

True

question

T/F: Declarative knowledge is also called explicit knowledge

answer

True

question

T/F: Majory memorized her part in the school play thoroughly in her apartment, but found that she couldn't remember her lines at rehearsal. Her trouble is consistent with the effects of context cues

answer

True

question

Skinner's efforts to teach pigeons to play ping pong demonstrate that the inability to learn a skill may sometimes be overcome by ________

answer

making allowances for physical limitations

question

Efforts to teach chimpanzees to talk probably failed because ______

answer

chimps lack the biological structures for speech

question

Substances that damage the nervous system are called ____

answer

neurotoxins

question

Armadilloes curl up into a ball when attacked. Reginald teaches an armadillo to curl up into a ball when a buzzer sounds. Reginald is making use of the phenomenon known as ______

answer

preparedness

question

John has difficulty training a raccoon to pick up a coins and put them in a bank. It is most likely that _____

answer

the raccoon was contraprepared to learn this task

question

Learning is of vital importance because so many problems that face society involve ________

answer

behavior

question

T/F: An animal that can learn to perform one trick is sure to learn another trick of similar complexity

answer

false

question

T/F: The tendency to revert to a fixed (or modal) action pattern is called instinctive drift

answer

true

question

T/F: Learning does not always mean progress

answer

true

Psychology 211- Learning – Final Review – Flashcards

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