Question 1

Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events defines

Accepted Answer

attention

Question 2

Kwan is driving to campus and his phone rings. Based on the results of studies on divided attention, should Kwan answer the phone?

Accepted Answer

no, he would experience a negative impact on his driving behavior since he would focus more on the phone call then traffic signals

Question 3

Which of the following was NOT a level of processing associated with verbal information as suggested by Craik and Lockhart (1972)?

Accepted Answer

functional

Question 4

The method of loci involves

Accepted Answer

associating to be remembered items with a particular location.

Question 5

Retrieval from long term memory is usually BEST when the information has been stored at which level of processing?

Accepted Answer

semantic

Question 6

When processing verbal information, if you focus attention on the sounds of words, you are engaging in ____ .

Accepted Answer

phonemic

Question 7

Overlearning, or the continued rehearsal of material after you have first mastered it, is

Accepted Answer

an effective technique to improve retention

Question 8

The three basic processes in memory are

Accepted Answer

encoding, storage, and retrieval

Question 9

Distributed practice refers to learning

Accepted Answer

over several sessions.

Question 10

The basic process in memory that involves formation of a memory code is

Accepted Answer

encoding

Question 11

According to the serial-position effect, subjects tend to show better recall for items ____ of a list than for items ____.

Accepted Answer

at the beginning and end; in the middle

Question 12

Elaboration involves

Accepted Answer

linking a stimulus to other information at the time of encoding

Question 13

Schemas, the misinformation effect, source monitoring, and the repressed memory controversy all reflect which unifying theme in psychology?

Accepted Answer

our experience of the world is highly subjective

Question 14

Naomi is studying for her law exam. While she is studying, she is trying to think of as many examples as she can to illustrate key ideas. In this case, Naomi is using

Accepted Answer

an efficient study strategy, because examples should help her to recall key ideas.

Question 15

Prospective memory involves remembering

Accepted Answer

to perform actions in the future

Question 16

A sensory memory

Accepted Answer

gives you additional time to try to recognize a stimulus

Question 17

Your memory for personal facts consisting of memories of things you did and when you did them is contained in the

Accepted Answer

episodic memory

Question 18

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, the memory system that allows for the sensation of a visual pattern, sound, or touch to longer for a brief moment after the sensory stimulation is over is called

Accepted Answer

sensory memory

Question 19

Which two types of memories are both considered to be divisions of declarative memory?

Accepted Answer

semantic and episodic

Question 20

You look up the phone number of the new Pizza Hut and repeat the number silently in your head until you find a pad of paper to write it down. The process of actively repeating the number is called

Accepted Answer

rehearsal

Question 21

Procedural memory

Accepted Answer

is memory for actions, skills, and operations

Question 22

The original estimate of the capacity of short-term memory is seven, Cowen proposed a different limit on capacity of ____ items.

Accepted Answer

4

Question 23

The memory system that contains memories for factual information such as names, faces, events, definitions, and concepts is the

Accepted Answer

declarative memory

Question 24

When you listen to a lecture, the information is held in ____ memory until you write it in your notes.

Accepted Answer

short-term

Question 25

Marty is working on his golf swing. When he finally gets that perfect swing he must remember exactly how he positioned his body, the amount of force he used, and the angle in which he brought down the club. Recalling and reproducing the perfect swing requires the use of which memory system?

Accepted Answer

procedural memory

Question 26

The ability of people to \"juggle\" information in working memory in order to reason and make decisions is handled by the ____ component of working memory

Accepted Answer

executive control system

Question 27

The consolidation view suggests that after the consolidation of a long-term memory, the memory is stored in a region of the

Accepted Answer

cerebral cortex

Question 28

The memory system that is like a giant storehouse that never quite fills up is the

Accepted Answer

long-term memory.

Question 29

Retrograde amnesia is a type of organic amnesia in which

Accepted Answer

a person loses memories of events that occurred prior to a head injury

Question 30

A student\'s organized set of expectations about how a college professor is supposed to act is an example of a

Accepted Answer

Schema

Question 31

The text described the case of H.M. who following brain surgery developed a severe case of anterograde amnesia. Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe H.M.\'s memory?

Accepted Answer

he could not remember events that occurred between one year prior to and one year after his surgery

Question 32

The \"tip-of-the-tongue\" phenomenon refers to

Accepted Answer

feeling like you know something but are unable to recall it

Question 33

Following a serious car accident in which both Rick and Ron suffer head injuries, they both have amnesia. Rick cannot remember events that occurred before the accident, while Ron cannot remember events that occurred after the accident. Rick suffers from ____ amnesia and Ron from ____ amnesia.

Accepted Answer

retrograde; anterograde

Question 34

The work of researchers like Loftus on errors in memory suggests that memory is BEST viewed as

Accepted Answer

a reconstruction of events or materials

Question 35

Following a rape, the victim had no memory of the rape, but became very anxious if approached by a man. According to Freud\'s view of memory, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

repression

Question 36

The failure to seek out disconfirming evidence can often lead to:

Accepted Answer

the overconfidence effect

Question 37

If forgetting occurs because previously learned information interferes with the ability to retain new information it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

proactive interference

Question 38

Loftus\' work on eyewitness testimony has clearly demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

information given after an event can alter a person\'s memory of the event

Question 39

If forgetting occurs because newly learned information impairs the memory of previously learned information it is referred to as

Accepted Answer

retroactive interference

Question 40

If you incorrectly recall your psychology professor as saying \"Psychology is a poor choice for a college major,\" when in reality it was really your philosophy professor who made the statement, you would be making a

Accepted Answer

source-monitoring error.

Question 41

Decay theory is BEST able to explain the loss of memory in

Accepted Answer

sensory store

Question 42

Ebbinghaus\' research suggested that memory for meaningless information is forgotten

Accepted Answer

very rapidly in the first few hours after learning

Question 43

Taking this particular test measures your

Accepted Answer

recognition

Question 44

It is beneficial when you take the time to develop a mnemonic device, such as an acronym or acrostic to help you remember information, because it causes you

Accepted Answer

a. to engage in a deeper level of processing.  b. to organize the information.  c. to make the information more meaningful.  d. all of the above.*****  Answer is all the above

Question 45

The measure of retention that requires individuals to reproduce information on their own without any cues is

Accepted Answer

recall

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