AP World History Learning Curve Chapter 3 – Flashcards
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How did the Jewish Pharisees react to Greek culture during the Hellenistic period?
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they set up their own school system because they feared for the very survival of Judaism.
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Who fought the Punic Wars?
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Rome and Carthage
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Which statement accurately describes the political philosophy of the Mauryan treatise called the Arthashastra?
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It advocates that rulers ignore considerations of morality and act pragmatically to do whatever is best for the state.
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What was the name given to the Greek Hellenistic empire that ruled over Egypt after Alexander the Great's death?
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Seleucid empire or ptolemaic Empire.... look it up
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What is the name for the Roman head of household, the man who exercised absolute rights over his wife, children, and slaves?
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pater famililes
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Why were empires more intermittent in India than in Persia, the Mediterranean, and China during the second-wave period?
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India's social structure made for intensely local loyalties at the expense of wider identities.
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What happened to Alexander's empire following his death in 323 B.C.E.?
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It split into three different kingdoms, each ruled by a leading Macedonian general.
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Which of the following best describes the type of government set up by the Romans when they established their independence in 509 B.C.E.?
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Republic dominated by the wealthy class
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Where did the second-wave empires of India emerge?
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Along the Ganges River
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What is a consul?
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Elected Roman state executive
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Empire played the least prominent role in which of the following regions?
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India
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Which of the following best describes the Greek cities established in the Hellenistic empires?
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They became the major avenue through which Greek culture spread.
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Which of the following best describes the rule of Octavian, better known as Augustus, who reigned over the Roman Empire between 27 and 14 B.C.E.?
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While he ruled as an emperor, he was careful to maintain the forms of the republic.
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Which of the following statements best describes the political situation in Northern India around 600 B.C.E.?
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It comprised a mix of independent towns and cities along with a number of regional states.
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How did ancient Greece come to be unified?
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It was defeated by Macedonian king Philip II.
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Which of the following was a dynasty during the second-wave rather than First Civilization period of Chinese history?
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Han
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What gave Indian civilization a recognizable identity and character?
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A distinct religious tradition
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Which of the following best describes ancient Greece?
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It consisted of many city-states that were in frequent conflict but united by a common religion and language.
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Which of the following protections within the political system did the poorer classes in republican Rome secure?
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A tribune had the power to block legislation that he deemed unfavorable to the poorer classes.
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Which of the following second-wave empires emerged last?
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Gupta Empire
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What sparked Persia's two invasions of Greece in 490 and 480 B.C.E.?
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Greeks supported a rebellion among Persian subjects in the province of Ionia.
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What political philosophy guided Emperor Qin Shihuangdi's rule, which was based on clear rules and harsh punishments?
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Legalism
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Which Indian manufactured good was much in demand throughout the Afro-Eurasian world during the period of the second-wave empires?
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cotton textiles
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Who led each side in the Peloponnesian War?
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Sparta and Athens
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Which of the following statements best describes why the Roman Empire continued to expand through conquest?
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The Romans accumulated territories primarily for defensive reasons
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Why do we know so much about Mauryan emperor Ashoka's activities and thinking?
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He publicized his edicts by carving them on rocks and pillars across the region.
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Around 500 B.C.E. what did the Greeks and the Persians share?
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Like the Persians, the Greeks were an Indo-European people whose early history drew on the legacy of the First Civilizations.
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Which Chinese dynasty established the political patterns that continued to govern China until the twentieth century?
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Han
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Which of the following is true of the Gupta Empire on the world stage?
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Trade with China thrived
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What did Persia come to represent in Greece following the wars of 490 and 480 B.C.E.?
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Despotism
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Which second-wave empire created a civil service system that provided a special education for bureaucrats, complete with examinations and selection by merit?
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Chinese Empire
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Which statement accurately describes the political philosophy of the Mauryan treatise called the Arthashastra?
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It advocates that rulers ignore considerations of morality and act pragmatically to do whatever is best for the state.
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What distinguished the emergence of the Greek and Persian empires in the millennium between 500 B.C.E. and 500 C.E. from those in China and India?
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The Greek and Persian empires grew up next to each other leading to centuries-long interaction.
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Which of the following best reflects the experience of elite women in Rome?
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By the early centuries C.E., they were less restricted in their lives than they had been during the early centuries of the republic.
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Which of the following statements best describes current scholarly thought on the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization by about 1500 B.C.E. and the emergence of a new civilization along the Ganges River valley?
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Scholars have yet to come to any sort of agreement on what drove decline of the Indus Valley civilization and the emergence of civilization in the Ganges valley.
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Which of the following best describes the legacy of Persian imperial bureaucracy and court life after the fall of the empire?
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It provided a model for all subsequent regimes in the region for a thousand years or more.
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Which of the following best describes the construction of the Roman Empire?
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The empire was built in a prolonged process that took over 500 years.
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Which of the following statements best describes a Persian emperor?
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The Persian emperor sought to project power and authority through elaborate displays of magnificence.
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Which of the following statements is true of Roman citizenship in the imperial period?
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It gave legal status but did not mark cultural assimilation
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Why is Ashoka important to world history?
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He was an enlightened Mauryan emperor, who tried to govern in accord with religious values.
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Which of the following was the most impressive of the world's second-wave empires in 500 B.C.E.?
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Persian Empire
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Which of the following statements best describes the role of nomadic peoples in the collapse of the Chinese Han dynasty in 220 C.E.?
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A number of nomadic peoples conquered northern regions of the Chinese Empire setting up their own states.
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Which of the following statements is true of Indian civilization?
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It is both politically fragmented and culturally diverse.
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Which of the following statements is true of the ancient Greek concept of citizenship?
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Greek ideas of citizenship varied over time and place, but on the whole the Greeks gave an extraordinary public role to their citizens.
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What was the ultimate political result of the infighting between Greek city-states that began in 431 B.C.E.?
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Ultimately it led to their takeover by Macedonia.
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Which second-wave emperor set up an imperial academy for the education of officials that became the training ground for his empire's civil service?
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Wudi
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Which of the following was a significant outcome of the Greek military victories over Persia in 490 and 480 B.C.E.?
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It led to heightened participation in Athenian democracy.
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Which of the following statements best describes the political situation in Northern India around 600 B.C.E.?
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It comprised a mix of independent towns and cities along with a number of regional states.
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Which of the following best describes the spread of Buddhism into China?
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It enjoyed only a modest presence under the Han, but grew rapidly in the centuries following the collapse of the Han dynasty becoming one of several alternative cultural traditions in China.
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Why do we know so much about Mauryan emperor Ashoka's activities and thinking?
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He publicized his edicts by carving them on rocks and pillars across the region.
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What gave Indian civilization a recognizable identity and character?
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A distinct religious tradition
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Empire played the least prominent role in which of the following regions?
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India
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Of which empire was it said that "there is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs"?
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Persian
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What victory over the Persians in 490 B.C.E. was touted as a great victory of Greek freedoms over Asian despotism?
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Battle of Marathon
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Which of the following is true of the Gupta Empire on the world stage?
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Trade with China thrived
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Why were empires more intermittent in India than in Persia, the Mediterranean, and China during the second-wave period?
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India's unparalleled cultural diversity meant that states failed to command the loyalty or influence on local populations that they did in other second-wave civilizations.
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What might be considered a sign that the Chinese emperor had lost the Mandate from Heaven?
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Disastrous floods were often taken as a sign.
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Which of the following was an important motivation that drove Alexander the Great to invade Persia?
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His desire to unify the fractious Greeks through a war against their common enemy
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Which of the following statements is true of rulers known as tyrants in Greek city-states?
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They were strong but benevolent rulers
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What distinguished the Mauryan Empire in second-wave India from its counterparts in China and Rome?
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It was not nearly as long-lasting.
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Which of the following factors made it more difficult for Western Europe to construct a unified state similar to the Roman Empire following its collapse?
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The absence of a strong bureaucratic system in the Roman Empire meant that states which sought to replace it could not build on its legacy.
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Which of the following was a significant difference between the Chinese and Roman empires?
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Only the Chinese Empire was viewed as a restoration of an earlier empire.
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Which region of the Roman Empire had not experienced political collapse by 476 C.E.?
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Eastern part of the Empire
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In China persistent tension between which two dominant groups at the imperial court weakened the state during the late Han period?
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Castrated court officials known as eunuchs and Confucian-educated scholar-bureaucrats
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Which Greek state practiced the most radical form of democracy?
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Athens
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Which of the following was a feature of the Mauryan political system?
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Emperors relied on a large contingent of spies to provide rulers with local information.
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Why were centralized empires so much less prominent in India than in China?
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India's unparalleled cultural diversity meant that states failed to command the loyalty or influence on local populations that they did in other second-wave civilizations.
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Why were empires more intermittent in India than in Persia, the Mediterranean, and China during the second-wave period?
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The frequency of invasions from Central Asia made imperial development difficult because these invasions repeatedly smashed states that might have provided the nucleus for an all-India empire.
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Which of the following statements is true of the Hellenistic states?
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They were monarchies whose rulers rejected democracy.
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What caused the Peloponnesian War to break out between the Greek city-states in 431 B.C.E.?
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Athens attempted to solidify its position as the most powerful and therefore politically dominant city-state in Greece.
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What was the ruling dynasty of the Persian Empire?
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Achaemenid dynasty
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Which group drove Germanic refugees across the border into the Roman Empire in the fourth century C.E.?
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Huns
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Which of the following was a significant outcome of the collapse of the Roman Empire in Western Europe?
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There was a decline in urban life.
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While India experienced second-wave empires, they did not last as long or have as profound an impact as they did in other regions.
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India
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Why is Solon important to ancient history?
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He reformed the Athenian political system.
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The major revolt that led to the fall of China's Han dynasty is known as the
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Yellow Turban Rebellion
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Which of the following was a feature of the Mauryan political system?
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The state operated many industries.
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Which of the following statements is true of China's Qin dynasty?
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It united China, but its rule was so brutal that the dynasty lasted less than twenty years.
