EQ – Indoor Environmental Quality – Flashcards

Does not have a baseline vs design case What you need to remember is if the space is used less than one hour per day it is usually not considered regularly occupied.

Must do the following: Prohibit smoking inside the building. Prohibit smoking outside the building except in designated smoking areas located at least 25 feet or 7.5 m from all entries, outdoor air intakes, and operating windows. Post signage within 10 feet (3 m) of all building entrances indicating the no-smoking policy. Prohibiting smoking on sidewalks is required if the sidewalks are used for business purposes (such as an outdoor cafe). Public sidewalks are not considered as used for business purposes.

Schools Max background noise of 40dBA from HVAC For high noise sites, implement acoustic treatment to minimize noise intrusion from exterior sources and control sound transmission between classrooms. Projects at least 1/2 miles from significant noise sources (aircraft overflights, highways, trains, industry) are exempt.

Option 1. Enhanced IAQ Strategies (1pt.) Mechanically ventilated spaces: A. Entryway systems; At least 10ft. long in direction of travel to capture dirt and particulates. B. Interior cross-contamination prevention Sufficiently exhaust each space where hazardous gases or chemicals may be present or used (e.g., garages, housekeeping and laundry areas, copying and printing rooms), using the exhaust rates determined in EQ Prerequisite Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance or a minimum of 0.50 cfm per square foot (2.54 l/s per square meter), to create negative pressure with respect to adjacent spaces when the doors to the room are closed. For each of these spaces, provide self-closing doors and deck-to-deck partitions or a hard-lid ceiling. C. filtration. MERV 13 (F7) or higher filters for each outdoor air system Class F7 or higher by CEN Standard Naturally ventilated spaces: A. entryway systems; and B. natural ventilation design calculations. The CIBSE flowchart can be used to determine if natural ventilation is feasible for the project. Mixed-mode systems: A. entryway systems; B. interior cross-contamination prevention; C. filtration; D. natural ventilation design calculations; and E. mixed-mode design calculations. Option 2. Additional Enhanced IAQ Strategies (1pt.) Mechanically ventilated spaces (select one): A. exterior contamination prevention; B. increased ventilation; 30% above minimum rates C. carbon dioxide monitoring; or D. additional source control and monitoring. Naturally ventilated spaces (select one): A. exterior contamination prevention; B. additional source control and monitoring; or C. natural ventilation room by room calculations. Mixed-mode systems (select one): A. exterior contamination prevention; B. increased ventilation; C. additional source control and monitoring; or D. natural ventilation room-by-room calculations. Higher ventilation rates can improve indoor air quality, but can also increase costs. Mechanically ventilated spaces can use heat recovery to minimize these extra costs. Exterior contamination prevention requires teams to design the project to minimize and control the entry of pollutants into the building. Teams demonstrate this through computational fluid dynamics modeling, Gaussian dispersal analysis, wind tunnel modeling, or tracer gas modeling. For exterior contaminant prevention, outdoor air intakes are best located one-third of the way up the side of a building.

For data centers, the filtration is necessary for ventilation systems serving regularly occupied spaces. The office space is considered regularly occupied. Warehouse projects pursuing the entryway systems strategy the entryway systems are not required at doors leading from the exterior to the loading dock or garage. Healthcare projects pursuing the entryway systems strategy are required to provide pressurized entryway vestibules at high-volume building entrances.

Option 1. Product Category Calculations Achieve threshold level of compliance for product categories. Minimum of 2 categories to achieve credit There are 3 forms of documentation acceptable for a project team to submit to document that a product is low-emitting: -MSDS -3rd Party Certification -Testing reports If a project can't comply with the product/category thresholds, Option 2 can be used. Option 2. Budget Calculation Method -Includes flooring, ceilings, walls, thermal and acoustic insulation, furniture, (Healthcare and Schools only:) exterior applied products. -Include furniture is it is part of scope of work Composite wood must meet CARB requirements. Wet-applied products must meet CARB requirements. Furniture must meet BIFMA requirements. Exterior-applied products only apply to Healthcare and School projects. Products that are not wet-applied on site are exempt. Salvage or reused furniture older than one year is considered compliant. Credit is earned by low VOC products. Cabinetry that is low VOC would count as a strategy Include the volume of high VOC paint in both the baseline and design case VOC calculations

New Construction, Core and Shell, schools, Retail, Data Centers, Warehouses and Distribution Centers, Hospitality Develop and implement an indoor air quality (IAQ) management plan for the construction and preoccupancy phases of the building. The plan must address all of the following. During construction, meet or exceed all applicable recommended control measures of the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning National Contractors Association (SMACNA) IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings under Construction, 2nd edition, 2007, ANSI/SMACNA 008-2008, Chapter 3. Protect absorptive materials stored on-site and installed from moisture damage. Do not operate permanently installed air-handling equipment during construction unless filtration media with a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 8,

Option 1. Flush out (1pt.) Path 1. Before Occupancy Install new filtration media and perform a building flush-out by supplying a total air volume of 14,000 cubic feet of outdoor air per square foot No construction work can occur during either the flush-out or the air-quality testing. If any punch-list items that generate VOCs or other contaminants occur during either, the flush-out/testing must start again. Path 2. During Occupancy When an occupied flush-out is desired, 3,500 ft. of outside air per square foot of floor area must be introduced before occupants can enter the building. Ventilation must begin at least 3 hours before occupancy. The flush-out must continue until 14,000 cu. ft. of outdoor air per square foot of floor area is introduced. The occupied space must be ventilated at a rate of 0.3 CFM per square foot. Option 2. Air Testing (2pts.) -Air-quality testing occurs after construction but before occupancy under normal operating conditions. During normal occupied hours and while operating at a minimum outdoor airflow rate When concentrations are exceeded, flush the sampling point where the limits were exceeded and then retest. Keep repeating this process until the limits are below the maximum levels allowed. Here are the required steps before a flush-out or air testing: Install all finishes and furniture For residential projects, install owner-provided furniture Complete punch-list items that would generate VOCs or other contaminants Test and balance the HVAC system

Thermal Comfort Design Option 1. ASHRAE Std 55-2010 -Design HVAC and envelope to meet requirements Option 2. ISO and CEN Stds Thermal Comfort Control -Provide individual thermal comfort controls for at least 50% of individual occupant spaces. Provide group thermal comfort controls for all shared multioccupant spaces. Thermal comfort controls allow occupants, whether in individual spaces or shared multioccupant spaces, to adjust at least one of the following in their local environment: air temperature, radiant temperature, air speed, and humidity. For thermal comfort control, 50% of individual occupant spaces must have individual comfort controls and all shared multi-occupant spaces must have thermal comfort control.

Option 1. Lighting Control (1pt.) For at least 90% of individual occupant spaces, provide individual lighting controls that enable occupants to adjust the lighting to suit their individual lighting tasks with at least 3 lighting levels or scenes (on, off, midlevel). Midlevel is 30%-70% of max illumination level. For all shared multioccupant spaces, meet all of the following requirements. · Have in place multizone control systems that enable occupants to adjust the lighting to meet group needs and preferences, with at least three lighting levels or scenes (on, off, midlevel). · Lighting for any presentation or projection wall must be separately controlled. · Switches or manual controls must be located in the same space as the controlled luminaires. A person operating the controls must have a direct line of sight to the controlled luminaires. Option 2. Lighting Quality (1pt.) Choose 4 of the following strategies: A. For all regularly occupied spaces, use light fixtures with a luminance of less than 2,500 cd/m2 between 45 and 90 degrees from nadir. Exceptions include wallwash fixtures properly aimed at walls, as specified by manufacturer's data, indirect uplighting fixtures, provided there is no view down into these uplights from a regularly occupied space above, and any other specific applications (i.e. adjustable fixtures). Reduces disability and discomfort glare B. For the entire project, use light sources with a CRI of 80 or higher. Exceptions include lamps or fixtures specifically designed to provide colored lighting for effect, site lighting, or other special use. Helps approximate natural light C. For at least 75% of the total connected lighting load, use light sources that have a rated life (or L70 for LED sources) of at least 24,000 hours (at 3-hour per start, if applicable). D. Use direct-only overhead lighting for 25% or less of the total connected lighting load for all regularly occupied spaces. minimizes glare, reduces perceived brightness, and reduces contrast between ceiling and luminaire. E. For at least 90% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet or exceed the following thresholds for area weighted average surface reflectance: 85% for ceilings, 60% for walls, and 25% for floors. minimizes difficulty of viewing documents of dark surfaces F. If furniture is included in the scope of work, select furniture finishes to meet or exceed the following thresholds for area-weighted average surface reflectance: 45% for work surfaces, and 50% for movable partitions. G. For at least 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet a ratio of average wall surface illuminance (excluding fenestration) to average work plane (or surface, if defined) illuminance that does not exceed 1:10. Must also meet strategy E, strategy F, or demonstrate area-weighted surface reflectance of at least 60% for walls. H. For at least 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet a ratio of average ceiling illuminance (excluding fenestration) to work surface illuminance that does not exceed 1:10. Must also meet option E, option F, or demonstrate area-weighted surface reflectance of at least 85% for ceilings. minimizes amount of contrast RETAIL For at least 90% of the individual occupant spaces in office and administrative areas, provide individual lighting controls. In sales areas, provide controls that can reduce the ambient light levels to a midlevel (30% to 70% of the maximum illumination level not including daylight contributions). HEALTHCARE Provide individual lighting controls for at least 90% of individual occupant spaces in staff areas.

Provide manual or automatic (with manual override) glare-control devices for all regularly occupied spaces. All glare-control devices must be operable by the building's occupants to address unpredicted glare. Automatic devices with user override are acceptable. · Acceptable glare-control devices include interior window blinds, shades, curtains, movable exterior louvers, movable screens, and movable awnings. · Systems not acceptable as glare-control devices include fixed exterior overhangs, fixed fins and louvers, dark-colored glazing, and frit and other glazing treatments. · Diffused and translucent glazing systems do not require glare-control devices. Select one of the following three options. Option 1. Simulation: Spatial Daylight Autonomy and Annual Sunlight Exposure (2-3 points, 1-2 points Healthcare) Demonstrate through annual computer simulations that spatial daylight autonomy300/50% (sDA300/50%) of at least 55%, 75%, or 90% is achieved. Use regularly occupied floor area. Healthcare projects should use the perimeter area determined under EQ Credit Quality Views. Points are awarded according to Table 1. AND Demonstrate through annual computer simulations that annual sunlight exposure1000,250 (ASE1000,250) of no more than 10% is achieved. Use the regularly occupied floor area that is daylit per the sDA300/50% simulations Option 2. Simulation: Illuminance Calculations (1-2pts.) Demonstrate through computer modeling that illuminance levels will be between 300 lux and 3,000 lux for 9 a.m. and 3 p.m., both on a clear-sky day at the equinox, for the floor area indicated in Table 2. Option 3. Measurement (2-3 points, 1-2 points Healthcare) Achieve illuminance levels between 300 lux and 3,000 lux for the floor area indicated in Table 3.

New Construction, Core and Shell, schools, Retail, Data Centers, Hospitality Achieve a direct line of sight to the outdoors via vision glazing for 75% of all regularly occupied floor area. Additionally, 75% of all regularly occupied floor area must have at least two of the following four kinds of views: · multiple lines of sight to vision glazing in different directions at least 90 degrees apart; · views that include at least two of the following: (1) flora, fauna, or sky; (2) movement; and (3) objects at least 25 feet (7.5 meters) from the exterior of the glazing; · unobstructed views located within the distance of three times the head height of the vision glazing; and · views with a view factor of 3 or greater, as defined in "Windows and Offices; A Study of Office Worker Performance and the Indoor Environment." Include in the calculations any permanent interior obstructions. Movable furniture and partitions may be excluded. Views into interior atria may be used to meet up to 30% of the required area. WAREHOUSES AND DISTRIBUTION CENTERS For the office portion of the building, meet the requirements above. For the bulk storage, sorting, and distribution portions of the building, meet the requirements above for 25% of the regularly occupied floor area. HEALTHCARE For inpatient units (IPUs), meet the requirements above (1 point). For other areas, configure the building floor plates such that the floor area within 15 feet (4.5 meters) of the perimeter exceeds the perimeter area requirement (Table 1), and meet the requirements above for the perimeter area (1 point). Table 1. Minimum compliant perimeter area, by floor plate area Floor plate area Perimeter area (square feet) (square meters) (square feet) (square meters) <15,000 50,000 >4 600 15,516 1 441

Requirements New Construction, Data Centers, Warehouses and Distribution Centers, Hospitality -HVAC Background Noise: achieve max levels per ASHRAE -Sound Transmission: meet sound transmission class (STC) ratings -Reverberation Time: meet reverb times -Sound reinforcement and Masking Systems: for conference rooms and auditoriums over 50 ppl, evaluate whether needed or not Reverberation time is fixed by including sound-absorbing treatments. Consider the sound absorption coefficient when selecting materials. Schools HVAC background noise: 35dBA or less Sound Transmission: STC of 35 or less Option 1. (1pt.) -Speech Privacy -sound isolation -background noise Following 2010 FGI guidelines Option 2. (1pt.) -Acoustical Finishes -Site Exterior Noise Following: 2010 FGI guidelines 2010 SV guidelines Calculations or measurements can be used to verify HVAC background noise levels.

Daylighting brings in natural light and can be used to offset lower light levels that task lighting may have.

300 lux for 50% of the hours between 8 AM and 6 PM local time for a full calendar year

EQ Credit Enhanced IAQ Strategies

Exterior shading. This is the only choice that impacts both daylighting and minimizing solar heat gain.

-EQ Credit Construction IAQ Management Plan -EQ Credit Low-Emitting Materials Specifying low-emitting materials and keeping the construction site clean help reduce indoor contaminants. Both of the correct answers then help reduce the contaminants that would cause an air-quality test to fail.

Conduct high pollution activities during off hours

Lighting controls must be provided to 90% of individual occupant spaces and for all shared multi-occupant spaces. In this case that would be 90% X 100 = 90 workstations / private offices plus the 5 conference rooms.

Local outdoor air quality The quality of the outdoor air plays an important role in the ventilation strategy. For example, in a location with poor outdoor air quality, natural ventilation is not a good choice and mechanical ventilation would require attention to filtration. Next to the outdoor air quality, the building form, orientation, and depth of the floor plate can impact the different types of ventilation selected.

Design for an illuminance ratio of less than 1:10

The housekeeping space would need to additionally include self-closing doors and deck-to-deck partitions to meet the requirements.

By specifying all or nearly all compliant products in at least two product categories The thresholds for Option 1 are all either 90% or 100%. This option is less flexible for project teams because all or nearly all compliant products in certain product categories must be specified. If the project team can't do this, the Option 2 Budget Calculation must be used.

Speech privacy Option 1 for the credit requires addressing speech privacy, sound isolation, and background noise. Option 2 for the credit requires addressing acoustical finishes and site exterior noise.

An Environmental Quality Management Plan Healthcare projects require an EQMP.

A second set of measurements must be taken in October to determine compliant floor areas.