Enterobacteriaceae Flashcard
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| Type |
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| Gram-Negative Bacilli |
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| Characteristics |
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| Non-Sporforming Facultative Anaerobe Reduces Nitrates to Nitrites Ubiquitous |
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| Salmonella: S. Typhi Causes what |
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| Typhoid Fever |
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| Salmonella: S. Typhi Symtoms |
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| Prolonged fever, bacteremia, reticuloendothelial system involvement (liver, sleen), dissemination to multiple organs |
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| Salmonella: All other Causes what |
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| Acute gastroenteritis or food poisoning |
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| Salmonella: All other Symptoms |
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| Vomiting, diarrhea, sometimes nontyphoidal bacteremia, less virulent enteric fevers. |
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| Salmonella: Characteristics |
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| Prone to carrier state common outcome of poor sewage |
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| Shigella: Closely related to |
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| Escherichia |
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| Shigella: Characteristics |
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| Not normal GI flora Humans are only known reservoir Very fragile, but doesn't take much to infect |
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| Shigella: Transmission |
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| Fecal-oral contact (common in daycares) Can be carried by flies, food, water |
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| Shigella: Causes what |
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| Dysentery |
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| Shigella: Symptoms |
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| Fever, chills, abdominal cramps, watery diarrhea, followed by bloody stool containing mucous & numerous leukocytes. |
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| Yersinia: Y. Pestis Causes what |
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| Bubonic and pneumonic plague |
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| Yersinia: Y. Pestis Transmission |
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| Person to person, flea and rodent bites |
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| Yersinia: Y. Pestis In domestic animals |
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| Dogs can be asymptomatic carriers, still need flea to transmit Cats can become seriously ill, can transmit primary pneumonic plague to humans |
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| Yersinia: All other Y. Enterocolitica |
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| most common isolated form found in wide variety of domestic animals Causes acute enteritis |
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| Yersinia: All other Y. Pseudotuberculosis |
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| Pathogen primarily of rodents, especially guinea pigs Human infections are rare Causes septicemia accompanied by mesenteric lymphadentis |
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| Endotoxin: Definition |
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| Release of lipopolysaccharide in outer membrane of cell wall of gram negative bacteria |
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| Endotoxin: Causes what |
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| Hypertension, shock, fever, intravascular coagulation, death |
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| Endotoxin: Composition |
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| Lipid A, core polysaccharide, "O" antigens |
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| Flagellar or "H" antigens |
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| Protein in nature, heat labile |
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| Capsular or "K" antigens |
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| Capsules are surface polysaccharides, heat labile |
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| Somatic or "O" antigens |
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| Associated with the body of cell, polysaccharide chain |
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| E. Coli |
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| Most commonly isolated opportunistic human pathogen causing UTI, wound infection, pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia. Primary cause of "Travelers' diarrhea" Major facultative inhabitant of large intestine |
