english exam#2 – Flashcards
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Updike A and P
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John Updike
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What are key things about John Updike?
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Grew Up:family farm in Shillington, Pennsylvania Very good at academics earned him a scholarship to Harvard-studied english-graduated 1954 First story sold to The New York Times Studying drawing at Oxford ****his fiction is noted for its exemplary use of storytelling conventions and unique prose style and engaging picture of middle class American life. DIED IN 2009
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What stories did John Updike write?
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The carpentered Hen and Other tame creatures Poorhouse Fair Rabbit Run The Centaur ETC
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What is the setting of A&P?
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Middle of the town. They live 5 miles from the beach. If you stand at the front door you can see 2 banks 1 post office The church The real estate office. North of Boston There are only women coming in the grocery store during the day, but not men. Their hair was up in curlers- throw on a shirt and shorts- dragging their six kids. Women dressed like that during the day because there is no men out. TAKES PLACE AT THE GROCERY STORE
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What time period was A&P?
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Set in the 50's and 60's Its also on a thursday Summer ***talks about getting sour cream and other delicacies for just 49 cents. sammys not tied down and doesnt have a family at 19- talking like thats not normal.
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What was the social and physical environment of A&P?
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Social env- you'd see all the different characters and house slaves at the store. Phy env- all the different times at the store.
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Who is Sammy in A&P?
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Narrator of the story. 19 years old He's a checker, and is clueless. Doesn't like women refers to them as "Sheep" Not tied down, and doesn't have a family. "a typical well intentioned male trying to find his way in society"
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Who is Lenguel in A&P?
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The manager and boss. Hides behind his door marked manager Used to be a bible school teacher-didn't like it much... Friends with sammys parents old and gray
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Who is Stoskie in A&P?
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Sammys friend, also a checker. The differences are their age and he has children. Responsible older man He's married with 2 children (he's 22) ***big dream is that he's going to be the manager someday (seems unrealistic)
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Who are queenie and the girls in A&P?
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The group of girls like the clique 3 girls Queenie- kinda tall oaky hair- leader of the pack. Chunky girl- green plaid 2 piece Then the "exotic" tall goofy looking girl There's a FLASHBACK-hears queenies voice- high toned and high class accent. Slides into an image of what he thinks her home life is compared to hers (perfect) He imagines her living room with men in ice cream colored jackets (pastel colors) all holding drinks (martinis) when normal people like his family have company they just give out lemonade. Comparing both of their lives.
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Who are the shoppers in A&P?
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A few household slaves and women/stay at home moms
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Why does sammy really quit in A&P?
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It appears that he's quits because he's trying to impress the girls but the real reason is because he was searching for personal gain and satisfaction. When he takes the side with the girls he momentarily rises to meet their standards and the standards of the upper class. He believes that quitting his job is one step closer to getting them to believe he belongs in the upper class and to achieving that goal. He was obviously lower class- where he was really unhappy, dead end job. He wanted to be a man wearing a pastel suit and that was high class if he continues working thier hes going to end up like stokesie
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What does Sammy learn in A&P?
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He learns that his choice to take freedom will not only effect the life he lives right now, but will also influence the life he will eventually have. He also learns that he is so close to being represented by the structure of A&P.
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How does Sammy change in A&P?
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He goes from being in the norm to wanting to rise above it. Anyone can be an everyday person its going to be harder than just having a job to get to the rank in society he wants. He sees a world of complete freedom- where one can choose their own path rather than follow in the path that's already been laid. He realizes that freedom is what he is missing.
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Why was the "cold war" called the cold war?
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There really wasnt any fighting both sides just didnt trust each other.
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Why was it so crazy that the girls were wearing bathing suits in A&P?
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The dress was so proper, and bc there wasnt even a beach around and they were all barefoot.
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What is amediares in A&P?
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Starts the story with the middle of the story.
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What kind of narrator is sammy?
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First person
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What kind of character is he and why?
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The unreliable character- he obviously quits his job
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What are some themes in A&P?
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the power of desire he wants to be powerful lol whatever. the mystery of other minds exhibits prowness observing others an insights from those observations and the girls suggest the true mystery of the other mind.
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What are some motifs in A&P?
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Girl-watching-describes in detail the 3 girls he sees describing everything about them. He watches them so much that he feels like their his girls then realizes that it was all an illusion, and he was literally just watching them. Brand names- postwar period-well stocked markets. brand names appear. diet delight peacher, pure sour cream etc theyre all unified uner the A&P logo brands and labels are an important part of culutral landscape and their articiality is one of the things sammy rebels against.
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What is the analysis on A&p mainly focused on?
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The setting 20th century time period Why updike uses the title A&P ***the setting is an influencial factor in the story and if you pay attention to it you'll understand more of the reason sammy quit. Why the setting influenced sammys choice to quit
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Notes on the analysis paper of updike
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Legal-serves as the voice of A&P -the personification of the intolerent atmosphere (another thesis)The setting is the antagonist? Legals voice- smug atmosphere (another thesis) the intolerable setting- leads us to understand why sammy quit The reference to salem witch trials is bc its located 5 miles from them and suggest a narrow unrolerant social atomaphere in which there is no room for stepping beyond boundaries of what is regarded as normal or proper.
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What does the 4 part structure/pattern describe?
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introduction, narration of details,punchline, metanarrative.
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What is a metanarrative?
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Talks about the narrative in some way. like commenting on something that you're studying
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What are some important things about Obrien?
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born in austin minnestota studied macalester college and harvard drafted in vietnam war- didnt support it he wasnt brave enough not to go to war doesnt want to be a coward
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What are hawks?
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people who supported the war, Saw the peace sign as a chicken foot=american chicken
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Doves
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did not support the war
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What does "back in the world mean"?
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Refering back to the life they had before the war, how people back home have no idea what is going on.
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What is layering and repetition and what's and example?
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You don't get all the information at once, you keep finding out more and more information as the story goes on piece by piece
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What does it mean when they say its beautiful and grotesque?
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To make the horrifics seem more horrific but comparing it to something lovely.
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What is phosphorus an example of?
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Beautiful and grotesque it kills you but it conveys a lovely white smoke
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What is the portrayal of women back in the world? (true war story)
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Some women say they liked this story. Its usually an older, kindly tempered, and humane politics kind of woman. They say that they hate war stories and that why would people want to wallow in blood and gore.(but this one she liked) The woman will say "Put it all behind me and find new stories to tell." as if that were even possible
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What are examples of americas uncertainty about the war? (TWS)
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The nature of the truth timelessness frustration isolation truama
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When silence is referred to who listens and who doesn't?(TWS)
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People who don't listen and who don't understand are people who haven't been through the war or anything even similiar. The people who usually listen are older woman, kid, political, but they don't actually listen. No one actually listens, because no one understands. "its about sisters who never write back, and people who never listen"
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What's a common response from military men who have served and are asked to talk about it? (TWS)
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"If you weren't there you cant understand"
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Decribe tony morrisons character in beloved... and what does she say? (TWS)
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She could neither approve nor condemn
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What structure does how to tell a true war story contain?
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4 part stucture
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What award did obrien get during vietnam war?
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the purple heart
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what an ex of introduction of char. in TWS?
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The beginning when Rat is introduces.
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Whats an ex of narration of detail in TWS?
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When the characters are being described like lemon in the begining in rats letter
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Whats an ex. of punchline in TWS?
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When its like a true war story is never moral, nor suggest models of proper human behavior ect.... explaining the harsh truth.
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Whats an example of matanarrative in TWS?
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When the narrator refers back to "Its a true war story it...." yada yada the truth is there. --you can tell a true war story if it embarassed you. if you dont care for obscenity you dont care for the truth. Reality
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What's an ex of layering repetition in TWS?
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The story of lemon comes out piece by piece.
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Whats an ex of grotesque but beautiful in TWS?
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When lemon dies its talking about him getting blown up, but its also talking about the radiating beautiful light thats bringing him up into the trees.
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Do any of the characters in TWS experience PTSD?
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The narrator of the story
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What is a goop? TWS
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slang for vietmanese
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Who was rats friend?
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Curt lemon
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What happened to rats friend?
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They were playing a foolish game called catching the grenade and someone would throw it and you had to go catch it, and Lemon stepped in a booby trap and was blown to pieces.
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what does mitchell sanders have to do with the story? TWS
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He has influencial advice and tells a true war story to rat. Hes a soldier, but he has great comments and advice
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MORTIF? TWS
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Story telling- stories keep reoccuring in the story. Ambiguous mortality-blurs between right and wrong. Lonliness and isolation-destructive-the impact of solitude worries and fears tree talk politics the monkey talk religion the whole country of vietnam talks
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What are some achetypal imaged and motifs?
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"around dawn things get quiet" Dawn-death
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What animal does rat constantly shoot and why?
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He's feeling pain and remorse towards looking lemon, and since lemon was blown to bits, he wanted this Nam animal to be blown to bits as well. What's weird is that he tries to offer it food at first, but I suppose since it was in the unknown and knew its face is why it did that.
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What is the symbolism of the water buffalo getting shot and getting back up, and not making a sound?
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The innocence of the baby buffalo symbolizes all the soldier. Most of them were young during the draft and forced to fight. Like the buffalo he just happened to be there and got captured. It endured all the harm and pain it possibly could have but still didnt cry or say a word, same with the soldiers they get shot at and there ears blown off and limbs, and they don't cry bc they have to maintain their macho image and not be seen as a coward. Everything innocent eventually changes the war is what takes the innocents out of the young men.
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How does Mitchell sanders refer to nam?
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Garden of evil, over here every man every sin's real fresh and original.
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What does mitchell sanders say about war?
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Its like the fog Thick and permanent there is no clarity everything swirls
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Whose the narrator?
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unnamed
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Who wrote Soldiers home?
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hemmingway
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What are some biographical strategies in soldiers home?
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Biographical strategies are knowledge of an authors life to help the reader understand the book more clearly. SH is based off a young mans journey home and how he feels about the war once he gets there. When hemmingway uses this stategy its specifically war related
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What are some historical strategies in soldiers home?
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The story takes place after ww1 and kreb returns. Hemmingway mentions gory battles. Lit historians consider this as a social and intellectual context. generations altered by horrors of the world. WW1- inablity to find purpose in life became known as loss of generation Also shed light on aspects of the story like not being able to lie the context of this is significant bc without understastnding the discordientation of those from the "lost generation" krebs carelesss attitude appears unreasonable Because he's witnessed so much violence he has changed so much and cant comprehemnd how home returns to be exactly the same as when he left it behind. The generation he represents is tormented by culture and events of this time.
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Which world war was it? SH
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World war one
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How does the narrator feel about american vs european girls? SH
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He thinks american girls are beautiful and he likes to look at them but he doesnt want to go through the whole courting process like asking them on a date and yadadada bc they expect to much. European girls he liked them because they didnt talk. They spoke a completely different language so they couldnt understand each other. So he'd take girls out and they'd just enjoy each others company.
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What are the mothers community values? SH
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The mother relies to much on the way other people think about her. She doesn't have a job to brag about so the only thing she really has are her kids. She doesnt understand all the things her son has gone through in the war, and doesnt understand that his life is completely different then the other womens children. He's seen the worst possible things you could see. She's more interested in the way she's seen and herself then her son. She wants him to get a job, and move on with his life, because that's what she's being judged on is her effective parenting. Common in like country club stay at home mom type things. Compares him to other peoples kids treats hims like a complete child
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How does the narrator feel about lying and lies? SH
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It makes him physically sick- a distaste for everything that had happened to him in the was set in bc of the lies he told. To get people to listen about the war he had to lie about it, and he only lied twice and it made him have a reaction against war and against talking about it.
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What is the style the story conveys? SH
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There are no motifs. Style- very to the point, and direct helps us understand the pressures he feels from his family to join back in society
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What is the tone of the story? SH
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starts realistic matter of fact describing everything goes to wishing things were easier Ends care freee
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What is the resolution? SH
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The resolution is that he's going to make other people happy even if he cant please himself. by getting a job, and going to his sisters baseball game.
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What are some similirities to TWS and SH?
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In war story- hes stuck with a memory that occured 20 years ago Soldiers home he's reading war stories, bc he feels like he needs to be involved. **they both cant escape the war Never able to "come back in the world" Soldiers home- his mom is telling him to move on TWS the nurse tells him to move on and only focus on the good parts. but he cant bc he has nightmares and it follows him.
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Whose Krebs? SH
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The main character
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Whose the narrator? SH
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Krebs
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What point of view is it told form?SH
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Told from 3rd person narrator point of view
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What point of view is TWS told in?
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fictional-first person narrator
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What are some details about hemmingway?
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volunteered as an abulance driver in WW1 Being wounded at the italian front haunted him and many other "characters" wrote stories on how war impacted peoples lives he courted violence all his life in war With things like: the bullring the boxing ring big game hunting 62- he became terminally ill with cancer and commited suicide
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What is the setting of soldiers home?
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Small town in Oklahoma, but the war is never distant from the protagonist' mind. Late summer
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Where did krebs go to war from?
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Methodist college in kansas
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What part of the military was krebs in?
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The Marines
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Did Krebs go straight home for the war?
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Yes, he got there too late for their to even be a greating for him. Bc they had already greated all the heroes whom returned. (years after the war was over)
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What battles did krebs fight in?
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Belleau wood, soissons, the champagne, st. mihiel, and argonne
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What are some simple ways wars effected Krebs?
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its aged him psychologically, and physically He's exhausted with life, and everything even simple conversations. Its sucked the life out of him.
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How does Krebs feel when he comes home?
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It obviously took him a long time to come home, bc he knew things werent going to be the same and his town thats all there was things were always the same. During the war he had been badly sickingly frightened all the time, and he felt like he lost everything.
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Where did Krebs find community?
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Pool hall
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What was Krebs moms relationship with him like?
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She babied him and treated him like a child. She acted like she was interested in his stories but when he would consider telling her about them she became uninterested just like that. His mother is more concerned about her image than anything.
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What was one think krebs noticed that had changed during war?
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The young girls had grown up.
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What does PTSD cause?
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Isolation people dont understand. If you talk about it it's like oh forget those bad thing but they cant. It changes your body makes your adrenaline go- even if you're exhausted bc your body doesnt believe you are no longer in danger. It keeps you from sleeping which makes things worse. People dont understand so there's a distinct seperation between you.
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Contrast between the two war stories..
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One tries to tell the story to a sweet old liberal minded lady, but only wants to hear the good things. Doesn't like the gore. 2nd krebs mom represents superficial value of the community wants to hear his stories but doesnt listen
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What effects did all the gory battles have on krebs and why wont he talk about them?
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He's seen things that no one should ever have to see. Horrible horrible stuff and he relives it every day in his mind, but no one can relate and at the same time he came home very late so the hype of the soldiers returning was gone and the people had already heard graphic horrible stuff and could take anymore.
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Why does krebs avoid complications and consequences? How has war changed him towards women and work? how is his hometowen different then germ and france? What is the conflict?
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He just wants things to run smoothly, he doesnt want to get things making his addrenaline go up. He just wants to sail through life now that he can. He doesn't want to try with women he doesnt want to court them hed rather just be friends like with the german girls theyd hang out but didnt have to talk. Hes exhausted. His home town is lallaal like the war never happened. Its crucial when he says that the only thing thats changed is the young girls have grown up is crazy. going on with life as if nothing is wrong with it. Germany and France are first hand experiencing the war, so they've seen the horrors and it greatly effects them and their way of life. The conflict is krebs internal and external feelings towards his mother. He wants to make her happy and proud but he also in his hearts doesnt love her bc he "doesnt love anyone"
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How does Krebs mom embody the community values and what does Krebs think about those?
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She compares him to everyone even though no one understands what hes going through. Shes a country club stay at home mom who gossips with all the other moms and the only thing she has to brag about are her kids. Krebs doesn't care at all.
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What is the resolution to Krebs conflict?
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He decides to put all the stress aside and go watch his sisters baseball game. He taught her to play baseball before the war, it might get him back in the rotation
