English 9 Odyssey Test – Flashcards
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Epic Hero
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Possesses superhuman strength, craftiness, and confidence; is helped & harmed by interfering gods; embodies ideals & values that a culture consideres admirable; emerges victorious from perilous situations
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Epic Plot
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Involves a long journey, full of complications
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Epic Setting
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Includes fantastic or exotic lands; involves more than one nation
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Archetypes
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Characters, situations, and images that are recognizable in many times and cultures
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Epic Themes
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Reflect universal concerns as courage, the fate of a nation, a homecoming, beauty, loyalty, life & death
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Simile
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Acomparison between two unlike things, using the word like or as. Becomes epic when it is developed at great length, so that it goes on for several lines.
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Epithet
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A brief descriptive phrase used to characterized a particular person or thing. "son of Laertes" and "raider or cities"
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Allusion
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A reference to a famous person, place, or event.
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Epic
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A long narrative poem about a lengendary hero
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Cyclopes
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A member of a race of one-eyed giants
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Laertes
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Odysseus' father
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Penelope
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Odysseus' wife
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Sirens
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Sea nymphs who lure sailors with their songs
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Antinous
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Ithican noble, "ring leader" of the suitors
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Athena
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Greek goddess of wisdom, crafts, and war
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Circe
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Beautiful witch goddess who transformed Odysseus' men into beasts
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Polyphemus
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A Cyclopes, son of Poseidon
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Zeus
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Ruler of the gods and goddesses
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Eumaeus
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An old and loyal servant to Odysseus
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Poseidon
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God of the sea
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Ithaca
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Odysseus' home
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Calypso
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Beautiful sea nymph, who kept Odysseus on her island for 7 years
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Telemachus
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Son of Odysseus
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Odysseus
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King of Ithaca, hero or the Odyssey
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Scylla
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Female monster with six heads
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Helios
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The sun god
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Charybdis
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a whirlpool
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Eurcleia
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Old female servant still loyal to Odysseus
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Hermes
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Messenger of the gods
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Foreboding
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a sense of approaching evil
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Adversary
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an opponent; enemy
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Appalled
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filled with dismay; horrified
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Meditation
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the act of being in serious, reflective though
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Profusion
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abundance
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Implacable
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impossible to sooth; unforgiving
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Contemptible
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Deserving of scorn; despicable
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Revelry
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noisy merrymaking; festivity
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Lavished
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showered
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Restitution
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making good for lost or damage; repayment
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Desolation
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lonely grief; misery
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Argos
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Odysseus' dog
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Philoetius
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A servant in Odysseus' household
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Eurynome
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a female servant in Odysseus' household
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Essay Question: Epic Hero: FLAWS
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Explain how O's flaws lead to his actions. Include 3 specific references from _The Odyssey_.
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Essay Question: What makes Odysseus an Epic Hero?
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Give 3 examples to support your answer.
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Essay Question: How is Penelope an archetype for a good wife?
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Provide one example from _The Odyssey_ to support your answer.
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Essay Question: One characteristic of an epic pot is that the gods interfere in human affairs.
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Identify 2 examples of godly interference in _The Odyssey_.
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Who is the author of _The Odyssey_?
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Homer
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Why does Odysseus leave his wife and newborn son?
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He is off to war
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Why can't Odysseus come straight home after the war?
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The gods don't think he in thankful for their help
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Why does Odysseus decide not to tell his men about the dangers when they are about to happen?
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He does not want them to panic or hide
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Why doesn't Odysseus kill the Cyclopes when he has the chance?
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There would not be anyone to move the boulder in front of the door
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What does the blind prophet in the underworld tell Odysseus?
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He must suffer more before he makes it home.
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Why is it a bad thing for Odysseus' men to eat the Lotus flower?
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They lose their desire to go home.
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Why hasn't Penelope married one of the suitors yet?
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She still believes that Odysseus is alive
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How does Odysseus persuade Telemachus that they can battle the suitors and win?
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Odysseus says Athena and Zeus will stand beside them
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Why are the suitors critical of the way Antinous treats the beggar?
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They think the beggar might be a god in disguise
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Why doesn't Penelope accept the fact that it really is Odysseus?
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She does not want to be decieved
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What makes Penelope and Odysseus a good match?
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They are both strong, clever, cunning, and patient
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What convinces Penelope that the stranger is her husband?
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He tells her how he created their bed around a living tree
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According to the book, how does _The Odyssey_ end?
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Odysseus is restored to his family and to his kingdom
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Elpenor
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One of O's crew; killed in a drunken fall from Cierce's roof
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Eurylochus
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a trusted officer of Odysseus
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Alcinous
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the king of the Paeacians
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Aeolus
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the guardian of the winds
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Tiresias
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from Thebes, a blind prophet whose spirit O visits in the underworld
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Persephone
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wife of Hades
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Hades
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rules the underworld and is god of the earth's fertility
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Phaethusa
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one of Helios' sons who raises his cattle on Thrinacia
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Anticlea
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Odysseus' mother
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Nohbdy
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Odysseus
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Polites
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one of O's men who didn't learn his lesson about confronting strangers
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Essay Question: Which three universal themes are found in _The Odyssey_?
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Explain why the universal themes you selected fit _The Odyssey_ and why they are universal.
