English 8: Class Notes, Writing Reviews, DSP Grammar Help Pages, Tests (No Vocab) – Flashcards
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when you begin a new: topic speaker setting, time, or place action overall length
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when do you make a new paragraph (5)
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add a period/ capital letter add a comma and conjunction add semicolon
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3 ways to fix a run-on sentence
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active and passive
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name the 2 kinds of voice you can use in writing
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subject does the action
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what does the subject do in active voice
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the subject receives action
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what does the subject do in passive voice
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after c (receipt) or sounds like an a (neighbor)
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i before e except... (2 with examples)
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a pronoun
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a word that replaces or renames a noun
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people
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personal pronouns refer to what
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nominative, objective, possessive
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3 pronoun types in the personal category
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subjects
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nominative pronouns are always what
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objects
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objective pronouns are always what
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apostuphes
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possessive pronouns don't use what
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this and that
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singular demonstrative pronouns (2)
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these and those
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plural demonstrative pronouns (2)
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myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
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singular reflexive pronouns (5)
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ourselves, yourselves, themselves
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plural reflexive pronouns (3)
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adjective dependent clauses
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what do relative pronouns introduce
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who, whom, whose, which, that
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5 relative pronouns
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ask questions
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what do interrogative pronouns do
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who, whom, whose, which, what
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name 5 interrogative pronouns
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base/present,present participle, past, past participle,
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name 4 kinds of verb forms
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helping verb
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present and past participle need what kind of verb
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present, past, future
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name 3 types of verb tenses
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have
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what do you add in front of present perfect tense to make it perfect
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had, has
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what do you add in front of past perfect tense to make it perfect
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will have
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what do you add in front of future perfect tense to make it perfect
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appositive
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noun or pronoun that renames the subject
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noun of direct address
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names person or object you are speaking to
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adjective
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what modifies and describes nouns and pronouns
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what kind? which ones? how much or how many?
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what questions do adjectives answer (3)
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proper adjective
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formed from a proper noun
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follows linking verb modifies subject
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what does a predicate adjective do (2)
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demonstrative possessive indefinite
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what pronoun can be adjectives (3)
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modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs
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what do adverbs do
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how when where to what extent under what condition
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what questions do adjective answer (5)
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2
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comparison compares how many things
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-er or more
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comparison uses what suffix or what word
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more than 2
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superlative compares how many things
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-est or most
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superlative use what suffix or what word
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prepositions
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shows relationship between nouns and pronouns or word words in a sentence
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preposition, object, and what it modifies
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what 3 things are in a prepositional phrase
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adjectives or adverbs
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prepositional phrases can modify what two words
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words, phrases, and clauses
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what 3 things can conjunctions connect
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coordinating, correlative, and subordinating
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3 types of conjunctions
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coordinating
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which type of conjunctions are fanboys
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correlative
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which type of conjunctions come in pairs
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subdorinating
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which type of conjunctions introduce adverb dependent clauses
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interjections
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word or phrase used to express strong emotion
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run on sentence
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what does RO mean
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fragment
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what does frag mean
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sentence structure
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what does ss mean
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insert, add
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what does ^ mean
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seperate
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what does / mean
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capitalize
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what does three underlines mean
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spelling
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what does sp mean
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wrong
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what does circled word or crossed out words mean
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apostrophe
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what does ' mean
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comma
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what does , mean
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informal
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what does inf mean
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revise
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what does R mean
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awkward
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what does awk mean
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word choice
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what does WC mean
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pronoun refernce
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what does pro ref mean
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pronoun
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what does pro mean
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you and it
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2 pronouns Mrs. Neyman doesn't like used in writing
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no
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can you use contractions in formal writins
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irrelevant
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what does IRR mean
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building
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what is the present particle of build
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cried
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what is the past form of cry
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had learned
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what is the past perfect tense of learn
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will have climbed
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what is the future perfect of the verb climb
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have dance
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what is the present perfect tense of dance
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helping verbs
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the present participle and past participle forms require what kind of verbs
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adjective
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what is last in this sentence Today is the last day of September.
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interjection
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what is Oops in this sentence Oops, I sent that text to the wrong person!
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preposition
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what is across in this sentence We drove across the country last summer.
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noun
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what is fall in this sentence Every fall we rake leaves on our lawn.
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verb
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what is fall in this sentence Do not fall off the ladder.
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adjective
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what is fall in this sentence What is your favorite fall color?
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verb
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what is fast in this sentence Some people fast for religious reasons.
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noun
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what is fast in this sentence The fast will begin at sundown.
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adverb
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what is fast in this sentence She likes to drive fast.
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pronoun
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what is you in this sentence Diane, have you seen Les Miserables on Broadway?
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adjective
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what is real in this sentence Who do you consider to be the real villain?
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conjunction
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what is because in this sentence Jean Valjean went to prison because he stole a loaf of bread.
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preposition
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what is with in this sentence Javert pursued Jean Valjean with a vengeance.
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adverb
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what is craftily in this sentence Thernardier bargained craftily to make a dishonest profit.
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noun
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what is loyalty in this sentence Marius exhibited great loyalty to the revolutionaries in the novel.
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action
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what of verb is likes in the sentence Joseph likes waffles.
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linking
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what of verb is is in the sentence The sun is our main heat source.
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helping
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what of verb is was in the sentence The house was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
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linking
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what of verb is smells in the sentence The room smells moldy.
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future
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which tense is will see in the sentence We will see the Leaning Tower of Pisa soon.
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present perfect
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which tense is has ridden in the sentence Thomas has ridden his bike to school all year.
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past participle
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which tense is thrown in the sentence The umpire has thrown both managers out of the game.
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noun
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person, place, thing, or idea
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pronoun
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substitutes for a noun
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adjective
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modifies or describes a noun or pronoun
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adverb
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modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb
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preposition
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joins words, phrases, or clauses
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interjection
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expresses emotion
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main clause
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must have a subject and verb
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helping verb
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supports main verb
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verbal
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formed from a verb acting as a noun
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possessive noun
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shows possession
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appositive
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renames and follows a noun or pronoun
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prepositional phrase
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acts as an adjective or adevrb
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noun of direct address
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to whom or what the sentence is addressed
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infinitive
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verb form preceded by the word "to"
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gerund
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verbal ending in -ing and acting as a noun
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participle
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acts as a adjective
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relative pronoun
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introduces an adjective clause
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subordinating conjunction
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introduces an adverb clause
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noun clause indentifier
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introduces a noun clause
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article
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a, an, the
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false
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true or false: personal pronouns can only be singular
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true
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true or false: "you" is a second person pronoun
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false
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true or false: subjects must be from the objective case pronouns
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false
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true or false: pronouns that end in -self r -selves are indefinite
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true
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true or false: interrogative pronouns ask a question
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false
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true or false: preposition don't always have an object
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true
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true or false: interjections are set apart by a comma or exclamation mark
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false
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true or false: transition verbs don't have an object
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true
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true or false: "there" or "here" can never be subjects
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true
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true or false: "that" is a relative and demonstrative pronoun
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false
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true or false: articles are types of interjections
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interrogative sentences
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what kind of sentences end in a ?
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noun clause
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what type of clause can function as the simple subject of the sentence (adverb, adjective, noun)
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nominative
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personal pronouns that are subjects or predicate objectives come from which case- nominative, objective, possessive
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nominative/subject case
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I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they; used as subject or predicate nominative/noun
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objective case
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me, you, him, her, us, you, them; used as DO, IO, or OP
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possessive case
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my, mine, your, yours, her, hers, his, its, our, ours, their, theirs; used to show possession
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reflexive pronouns
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myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves; ends in self or selves
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interrogative pronoun
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who, whom, whose, which, what; used to introduce a question
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demonstrative pronouns
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this, that, these, those; used to point out a person, place, thing, or idea
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indefinite pronouns (singular)
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anybody, everyone, nobody, something, each, one; doesn't refer to anything specific
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indefinite pronouns (plural)
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both, few, many, several; doesn't refer to anything specific
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indefinite pronouns (both)
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all, any, most, none, some; doesn't refer to anything specific
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antecedants
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the noun or pronoun that a pronoun refers to or replaces
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me
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My grandparents gave my brother and (I, me) tickets to a play.
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I
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Janet and (I, me) rode a horse once.
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who
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Lucille Fletcher, (who, whom) wrote The Hitchhiker, was both a novelist and a playwright.
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whom
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To (who, whom) was the letter written to?
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true
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true or false: a predicate adjective follows a linking verb and modifies the subject
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false
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true or false: nominative and objective pronouns may be used as adjectives
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false
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true or false: the object of the prepositional has to be a adverb
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true
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true or false: prepositional phrases function as modifiers, either adjectives or advers
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.
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be able to diagram (.)
