question

Advanced airway management techniques should performed ONLY after:

answer

basic airway techniques have been completed

question

After opening a patient's airway, you should:

answer

ensure the airway is clear

question

Endotracheal intubation is MOST accurately defined as:

answer

inserting a tube into the trachea to maintain the airway and ventilate

question

Endotracheal intubation is indicated for patients:

answer

who are unconscious and cannot protect their own airway

question

If a patient is being adequately ventilated with a bag-mask device attached to high-flow oxygen:

answer

endotracheal intubation may not be necessary

question

Visualized orotracheal intubation requires all of the following equipment, EXCEPT a:

answer

local anesthetic

question

Prior to performing orotracheal intubation in a cardiac arrest patient, it is MOST important to:

answer

adequately preoxygenate with a bagmask device.

question

Although you should carry a variety of endotracheal (ET) tube sizes, a _____ ET tube will adequately fit most adults.

answer

7.5mm

question

Regardless of the size of the ET tube that you will use to intubate your patient, you should:

answer

have one tube smaller and one tube larger

question

When determining the proper size ET tube to use in an infant or small child, you should:

answer

use a length-based resuscitation tape measure

question

When an ET tube is placed in an adult patient, the tube-to-teeth mark is usually around:

answer

22 cm.

question

When inserting the stylet inside an ET tube, you should:

answer

avoid inserting the stylet past Murphy's eye

question

The distal cuff on an ET tube should be inflated with no more than ______ of air after it is placed into the trachea.

answer

10 mL

question

Prior to attempting endotracheal intubation, the EMT should:

answer

obtain authorization from medical control

question

A single intubation attempt in the adult patient should not exceed:

answer

30 seconds.

question

Intubating a patient who is in cardiac arrest should occur after:

answer

the patient has been assessed to determine if defibrillation is indicated

question

After successfully intubating a 56 year old man who is in cardiac arrest, you should:

answer

perform asynchronous CPR

question

The appropriate method of inserting a laryngoscope blade into the patient's mouth to visualize the vocal cords is to:

answer

insert the blade in the right side of the mouth, sweep the tongue to the left, and lift

question

During visualized orotracheal intubation, the straight blade:

answer

directly lifts the epiglottis and exposes the vocal cords.

question

To avoid obscuring your view of the vocal cords during intubation, you should

answer

not pass the ET tube down the center of the laryngoscope blade

question

You respond to a construction site where a steel girder collapsed on a 22-year-old male's chest. Coworkers removed the girder prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is unconscious and apneic, but has a pulse. You should:

answer

maintain stabilization of his head, open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver, ventilate with a bag-mask device, and prepare to intubate him.

question

Immediately after you place an ET tube in the trachea, you should remove the stylet and then:

answer

inflate the distal cuff and detach the syringe

question

Confirmation techniques and devices used to determine correct ET tube placement include all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

rise and fall of the abdomen

question

Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of successful endotracheal intubation?

answer

visualization of the tube passing between the vocal cords

question

After intubating a 44-year-old unconscious, apneic male, you place him on the ambulance stretcher and prepare to load him into the ambulance. After he is placed into the ambulance, you should:

answer

reconfirm that the ET tube is still correctly positioned

question

Complications associated with endotracheal intubation include all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

left main stem bronchus intubation

question

You have inserted an ET tube but are unable to hear breath sounds on the left side of the chest. You should:

answer

withdraw the tube approximately 1′′ and reassess breath sounds.

question

You have attempted to intubate a 66year-old male twice without success. Medical control is unable to be contacted. Your MOST appropriate action should be to:

answer

insert an oral airway, ventilate with a bag-mask device, and transport.

question

After performing endotracheal intubation on an elderly male in cardiac arrest, you think you hear breath sounds, but also hear gurgling over the epigastrium. You should:

answer

remove the ET tube at once, ventilate with a bag-mask device for 2 to 3 minutes, and reattempt intubation.

question

A 50-year-old female is found semiconscious by her son. Your assessment reveals that her respirations are slow and shallow and there is vomitus draining from her mouth. When you attempt to suction her oropharynx, she begins to gag. You should:

answer

ensure that her airway is clear, attempt to insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.

question

You are transporting an intubated 24year-old female when her level of consciousness improves and she becomes combative. You should anticipate that your paramedic partner will:

answer

give her a sedative drug per local protocol.

question

Which of the following statements regarding multilumen airway devices is correct?

answer

Ventilations can be provided whether the device is in the trachea or the esophagus

question

A major benefit when using a multilumen airway device is that:

answer

maintenance of a mask-to-face seal is not required.

question

You should NOT attempt to insert a Combitube in a patient who:

answer

has ingested a caustic substance

question

If it is necessary to remove a multilumen airway in the field, you should:

answer

turn the patient onto his or her side and have suction ready.

question

Which of the following statements regarding the King LT airway is correct?

answer

When the King LT is properly placed in the esophagus, one cuff is designed to seal the esophagus and the other cuff is designed to seal the oropharynx.

question

A disadvantage of the King LT airway is that it:

answer

does not completely protect the airway from aspiration.

question

The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) helps protect the airway and allows for adequate ventilation by:

answer

molding and sealing itself around the laryngeal opening by inflation of the mask.

question

In the prehospital setting, gastric tubes are used primarily to:

answer

decompress the stomach

question

Proper confirmation of correct gastric tube placement includes:

answer

injecting air into the tube and auscultating the stomach for gurgling

question

For which of the following patients would the use of a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device be of MOST benefit?

answer

62-year-old man with severe respiratory distress, a history of congestive heart failure, and audible rhonchi in the lungs

question

The MOST important step in assembling intravenous (IV) equipment is to:

answer

strictly adhere to standard precautions

question

Common IV solutions used in the prehospital setting include all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

5% albumin solution

question

D₅W is MOST commonly used for:

answer

mixing and administering medications

question

Once an IV solution is removed from its protective wrap, it must be used within:

answer

24 hours

question

Which of the following statements regarding the IV administration set is correct?

answer

It moves fluid from the IV bag into the patient's vascular system

question

A microdrip administration set delivers 1 mL of fluid after every ______ drops.

answer

60

question

You should routinely inspect a bag of IV fluid for all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

the manufacturer

question

After sliding the piercing spike of the administration set into the IV bag port, you should next:

answer

prime the line and flush the air out of the tubing.

question

The purpose of a saline lock is to:

answer

maintain an active IV site without running fluids through the vein

question

ALS providers choose the type and size of the IV catheter based on all of the following factors, EXCEPT the:

answer

gender of the patient

question

Which of the following over-the-needle IV catheters has the largest diameter?

answer

14-gauge

question

Which of the following IV catheters would deliver fluid at the slowest rate?

answer

22-gauge

question

Intraosseous (IO) needles are used when:

answer

immediate IV access is difficult or impossible to obtain.

question

An IO needle is inserted into the:

answer

proximal tibia

question

Signs of an infiltrated IV include:

answer

edema at the catheter site

question

If an IV line is found to be infiltrated, you should:

answer

remove the catheter and apply direct pressure

question

Local reactions associated with IV therapy include all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

catheter shear

question

Approximately 20 minutes after initiating an IV line of normal saline, your patient complains of generalized itching and develops a generalized rash. These are signs and symptoms of:

answer

an allergic reaction

question

A 50-year-old male develops acute respiratory distress and cyanosis shortly after an IV line has been established. You should administer high-flow oxygen and:

answer

place him on his left side with his head down.

question

Signs and symptoms of acute circulatory overload include all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

a drop in blood pressure

question

Vasovagal reactions that occur in patients receiving IV therapy are MOST often the result of:

answer

a fear of needles or the sight of blood

question

An IV line is not running as fast as it should be. There are no signs of infiltration. You should:

answer

ensure that the tourniquet has been released

question

What is a Volutrol and when should it be used?

answer

Volutrol is a 100mL calibrated drip chamber that can be shut off from the IV bag. It should be used to prevent fluid overload in pediatric and geriatric patients.

question

Which of the following statements regarding vascular access in geriatric patients is correct?

answer

Elderly patients often have fragile skin that is easily damaged

question

The heart's primary pacemaker is the:

answer

sinoatrial (SA) node

question

The left and right bundle branches:

answer

travel through the interventricular septum and lead to the Purkinje fibers

question

Which of the following correctly describes the normal path of electricity through the cardiac conduction system?

answer

SA node, internodal pathways, AV node, bundle of His, left and right bundle branches, Purkinje system

question

The SA node normally paces at a rate of:

answer

60 to 100/min.

question

When an electrical impulse moves toward a positive electrode:

answer

the ECG records an upward wave

question

A single ECG complex consists of all of the following components, EXCEPT:

answer

an R-R interval.

question

When looking at ECG graph paper, one large box represents:

answer

0.20 seconds.

question

If each small box on the ECG graph paper represents 0.04 seconds, and there are 5 small boxes in one large box, how many large boxes represent 6 seconds?

answer

30

question

A normal sinus rhythm (NSR) is characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT:

answer

an irregular heart rate

question

A P wave is created when:

answer

electricity travels through the atria

question

The only route of communication between the atria and the ventricles is/are the:

answer

AV node

question

The QRS complex is an electrical representation of:

answer

ventricular contraction

question

Which of the following statements regarding sinus bradycardia is correct?

answer

It may be a normal variant in some individuals

question

Sinus tachycardia is differentiated from a normal sinus rhythm by the:

answer

irregular heart rate

question

When the heart rate becomes exceedingly high:

answer

ventricular filling time decreases

question

Any electrical impulse that originates in the ventricular conduction system has:

answer

wide, abnormally shaped QRS complexes.

question

Ventricular tachycardia is characterized by:

answer

wide QRS complexes and a heart rate greater than 100 beats/min.

question

A rapid, chaotic rhythm that is completely disorganized is called:

answer

ventricular fibrillation

question

The MOST effective treatment for ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia of short duration is:

answer

prompt, rapid defibrillation

question

Which of the following cardiac arrhythmias is characterized by a complete absence of myocardial electrical and mechanical activity?

answer

asystole

question

When applying the 4lead ECG electrodes to a patient, the white (negative) lead should be placed:

answer

on the right arm

question

It does not matter if you place the arm leads on the patient's shoulders or arms, as long as:

answer

they are at least 10 cm from the heart

question

Leads V₁ and V₂ in a 12-lead ECG should be positioned:

answer

on each side of the sternum at the fourth intercostal space

question

Obtaining an accurate ECG tracing can be difficult in patients experiencing a cardiac emergency because:

answer

the patient is often diaphoretic

question

A 12-lead ECG:

answer

may identify myocardial ischemia or injury

question

Which of the following leads views the lateral wall of the left ventricle?

answer

V₅ and V₆

question

Your paramedic partner has just acquired a 12lead ECG on a middle-aged man with chest discomfort. The patient is conscious, but anxious. His blood pressure is 140/84 mm Hg and his heart rate is 80 beats/min. He has a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Your partner states that she believes the patient is experiencing a myocardial infarction of the anterior wall. Which of the following is the MOST likely basis for her statement?

answer

She has detected ST segment elevation in leads V₃ and V₄

question

The ultimate goal in treating a patient who is experiencing an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is to:

answer

rapidly restore perfusion to the injured heart

EMT Chapter 40 ALS Assist – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards