ELISA Simulation Kit

Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbant assay

used to detect infections by testing patients blood for the presence or absence of antibodies against a particular pathogen. The presence of of such antibodies indicates that the individual has been infected and that the body has launched an immune response against the disease causing agent.

used to test for the presence or absence of certain antigens in patients blood

ELISA assays are based on the principles that antibodies are produced in response to infection and that these antibodies are designed to specifically target particular antigens and bind tightly to them.

ELISA tests indirectly detect infection by assaying patients blood serum for antibody molecules designed to target the infectious agent in question.

Antigen-antibody complexes formed in the initial steps of and ELISA are not visible to the unaided eye. Therefore, a colorimetric detection system involving a secondary antibody and chromagen is employed. The secondary antibody which is conjugated to an enzyme recognizes and binds to primary antibodies of antigen-antibody complexes, if they are present. Chromogen substrates is then added; if present, the enzyme linked to the secondary antibody changes the color of the chromogen. A color change indicates that the patient has antibodies against the pathogen and has been infected.

Each assay was performed in triplicate to ensure reproducibility of the results.

Weak positive results may be an indication that the patient's blood serum carries few antibodies against the disease causing agent. The patient's exposure to the pathogen may be recent and the body may not have launched a full immune response yet. Alternatively, the infection may have occurred long ago, and the level of antibodies in the bloodstream is declining.

HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is the virus responsible for causing the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV attacks and destroys CD4 cells,T lymphocytes , and thereby severely weakens immune defense. HIV is communicable and can be transmitted from person to person via blood, pregnancy, breast milk and other bodily fluids. Blood High - semen medium - saliva low.

epididymitis

endometritis

salpingitis

trachomatis