EDU 300 – CHAPTER 14 Learners with Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments – Flashcards
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The primary distinguishing characteristic of children with physical disability is A) intellectual and health problems. B) intellectual and medical problems. C) medical or health problems. D) medical or cognitive problems.
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medical or health problems.
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Impairments that a child is born with are referred to as A) primary characteristics. B) congenital anomalies. C) secondary problems. D) acquired disabilities.
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congenital anomalies
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A condition that may be severe but resolves with treatment is A) progressive. B) episodic. C) chronic. D) acute.
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acute.
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A condition that is incurable is A) progressive. B) episodic. C) chronic. D) acute.
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chronic.
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A condition that recurs at successive times but does not necessarily become more severe overtime is A) progressive. B) episodic. C) chronic. D) acute.
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episodic.
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A condition that becomes more and more severe over time is A) progressive. B) episodic. C) chronic. D) acute.
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progressive
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Which statement is true? A) The number of people with physical disabilities is declining and the availability of service programs is improving. B) The number of people with physical disabilities is growing along with the availability of service programs. C) The number of people with physical disabilities is growing but the availability of service programs is not. D) The number of people with physical disabilities is declining so the availability of service programs is decreasing.
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The number of people with physical disabilities is growing but the availability of service programs is not.
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What effect have advances in medicine had on the need for special education due to physical disabilities? A) almost eliminated the need for special education for the majority of students with physical disabilities B) increased the need for special education for students with severe disabilities C) made it more difficult to identify students with physical disabilities D) the number of students needing services has been unaffected by medical advances
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increased the need for special education for students with severe disabilities
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Impairments that are the result of injury to the brain that also affect the ability to move parts of one's body are A) neurological impairments. B) traumatic brain injuries. C) orthopedic impairments. D) neuromotor impairments.
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neuromotor impairments.
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When a child's nervous system is damaged, no matter what the cause, which of the following is often one of the symptoms? A) muscular weakness or paralysis B) cognitive deficits C) seizures D) missing or malformed limbs
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muscular weakness or paralysis
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Cerebral palsy is A) a neurological disease. B) subject to frequent remission. C) sometimes contagious. D) a nonprogressive disorder.
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a nonprogressive disorder.
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Cerebral palsy is a condition that occurs A) during the birth process. B) before birth. C) after birth. D) before brain maturity.
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before brain maturity.
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Cerebral palsy is classified by A) the limbs involved and type of motor disability. B) time period during which brain damage occurred. C) severity of the symptoms. D) the effect on intellectual functioning.
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the limbs involved and type of motor disability.
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Andre's legs are paralyzed, but he has full use of his arms. His condition is A) diplegia. B) hemiplegia. C) paraplegia. D) quadriplegia.
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paraplegia.
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Stiffness or tenseness of muscles and inaccurate voluntary movements is known as A) choreoathetosis. B) atonicity. C) spasticity. D) reflexivity.
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spasticity.
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Abrupt, involuntary movements and difficulty in maintaining balance is known as A) spastic movements. B) atonic movements. C) choreoathetoid movements. D) atonic spasticity.
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choreoathetoid movements.
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The intelligence of children with cerebral palsy is A) almost always in the range of intellectual disabilities. B) clearly higher than the average for the general population. C) nearly the same as for the general population. D) difficult to assess due to difficulties in perception, movement, or response speed.
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difficult to assess due to difficulties in perception, movement, or response speed.
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When there is an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in certain brain cells, the result is A) diplegia. B) choreoathetoid movements. C) spasticity. D) seizures.
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seizures.
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All of the following are common causes of seizures EXCEPT A) lack of oxygen. B) high blood sugar. C) infections. D) physical trauma.
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high blood sugar.
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Seizures may differ on all of the following dimensions EXCEPT A) duration. B) latency. C) frequency. D) causes.
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latency.
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All of the following procedures should be followed if a student has a seizure in school EXCEPT A) turning child's face to the side. B) inserting an object between the teeth. C) loosening clothing. D) putting something flat and soft under the head.
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inserting an object between the teeth.
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Harris has a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development. His condition is known as A) cleft lip. B) spinal meningitis. C) spina bifida. D) cleft palate.
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spina bifida.
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Any malformation of the spine, spinal cord, or brain is a A) choreoathetoid defect. B) neural tube defect. C) type of spina bifida. D) brainstem defect.
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neural tube defect.
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The extent of the paralysis in spina bifida depends on A) the stage of development during which it occurs. B) the success or failure of the surgery to close the opening. C) the success or failure of the surgery to repair the nerve damage. D) the location of the spinal cord defect
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the location of the spinal cord defect
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Catheterization is necessary for individuals with A) lack of bladder control. B) poor blood circulation. C) poor oxygen exchange. D) lack of mucus and salivation control.
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lack of bladder control.
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Tim has a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers. His condition is A) muscular dystrophy. B) spina bifida. C) cerebral palsy. D) multiple sclerosis.
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muscular dystrophy.
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Rheumatoid arthritis is a potentially debilitating disease that A) causes rapid deterioration of muscle tissue. B) is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles. C) is associated with neurological degeneration. D) occurs only in the elderly.
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is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles.
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The intelligence of students with conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system is A) lower than average. B) unaffected. C) higher than average. D) indeterminate.
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unaffected
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Chronic diseases and health conditions of children have A) decreased dramatically in recent decades due to improved drug therapies. B) passed childhood accidents as a cause of death. C) remained constant in recent decades. D) increased dramatically during recent decades.
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increased dramatically during recent decades.
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A lung disease characterized by episodic inflammation or obstruction of the air passages such that the person has difficulty breathing is A) allergies. B) bronchitis. C) asthma. D) inhalation.
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asthma
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In addition to its effect on the immune system, AIDS poses all of the following threats to children EXCEPT A) intellectual disability. B) emotional or behavioral disorders. C) seizures. D) muscular dystrophy.
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muscular dystrophy
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What causes more deaths in children than all childhood diseases combined? A) AIDS B) accidents C) suicide D) abuse
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accidents
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Each of the following statements about preventing physical disabilities is true EXCEPT A) Many or most physical disabilities are preventable. B) Reducing the number of teen pregnancies would reduce the number of physical disabilities. C) Reducing the number of childhood vaccinations has reduced the number of cases of autism. D) Children with disabilities are at a greater risk for abuse than are those without disabilities.
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Reducing the number of childhood vaccinations has reduced the number of cases of autism.
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Which statement about phenylketonuria (PKU) is true? A) It only causes intellectual disabilities. B) It is the only known genetically determined metabolic disorder. C) It requires a life-long special diet for treatment. D) It goes away in late childhood.
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It requires a life-long special diet for treatment.
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For children with most physical disabilities and other health impairments, a common cause of academic difficulties is A) discrimination and prejudice. B) erratic school attendance. C) poor study skills. D) inadequate motivation.
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erratic school attendance.
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Children's reactions to their own physical disabilities are largely A) a reflection of how others respond to them. B) dependent on the nature and degree of their disabilities. C) dependent on whether they use a wheelchair for mobility. D) a reflection of how well they achieve academically.
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a reflection of how others respond to them
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Jim has an artificial leg. This is an example of a/an A) orthosis. B) prosthesis. C) adaptive device. D) assistive device.
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prosthesis
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Gareth uses braces on his legs to help provide support when he walks. This is an example of a/an A) prosthesis. B) assistive device. C) orthosis. D) adaptive device.
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orthosis
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Which principles are most important to keep in mind when considering prosthetics and orthotics? A) residual function, simplicity, reliability B) age of person, length of limb, intelligence of person C) residual function, length of limb, cost of device D) residual function, simplicity, health of person
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residual function, simplicity, reliability
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The greatest problem with using technology for people with physical disabilities is A) teaching them to use existing technologies. B) accurately evaluating them to determine what would be most useful. C) devising more sophisticated assistive technology. D) the high cost of assistive technology.
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accurately evaluating them to determine what would be most useful.
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Each of the following statements about education for most children with a physical disability is true EXCEPT A) It should be similar to that for children without disabilities but at a somewhat lower age level. B) It is often extended beyond that typically provided to include self-help skills. C) Objectives should include autonomy and self-advocacy. D) Attention should be given to environmental changes that allow them to respond more effectively.
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It should be similar to that for children without disabilities but at a somewhat lower age level.
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The primary goal of adapted physical education is A) to eliminate physical education as a requirement for students with physical disabilities. B) to provide physical education in a separate setting for students with physical disabilities. C) to give students with physical disabilities more time in physical education to catch up to their peers. D) to allow access to activities that support physical, recreational, and leisure goals
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to allow access to activities that support physical, recreational, and leisure goals
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Each of the following is a reason why most students with physical disabilities are integrated into public schools EXCEPT A) advances in medical treatment allow greater mobility and functional movement. B) decreases in architectural and transportation barriers. C) federal law defined the least restrictive environment (LRE) as the general education classroom. D) movement toward public education for all children
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federal law defined the least restrictive environment (LRE) as the general education classroom.
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A person who provides support for daily living skills and fine motor skills is a(n) A) physical therapist. B) occupational therapist. C) adaptations specialist. D) cognitive therapist.
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occupational therapist.
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Mr. Kent has a child in his class who has a terminal illness. He should A) avoid discussing his personal feelings about death and dying. B) keep other students from airing their feelings during school hours. C) be direct and open in discussing death and dying with the class. D) avoid communicating directly with the child's parents unless a psychologist is present.
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be direct and open in discussing death and dying with the class.
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Which of the following is likely to be the least concern of early intervention for children with physical disabilities? A) improving access to school and public buildings B) preventing further disabilities from developing C) maximizing the outcome of therapy D) developing communication skills
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improving access to school and public buildings
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Providing support for the child's body and arranging instructional or play materials in certain ways is known as A) positioning. B) handling. C) assisting. D) adapting.
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positioning.
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The difference between physical therapy and occupational therapy A) is that the latter focuses more often on adults in job-related situations. B) is that the former focuses on sensory and gross motor functions, the latter on support for daily living skills. C) is a matter of degree, not kind. D) is no longer relevant since the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
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is that the former focuses on sensory and gross motor functions, the latter on support for daily living skills.
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A situation in which a person with a disability becomes a regular employee, performs a valued function in a regular work setting, and receives fair pay while receiving training, social skills instruction, and other services is A) job coaching. B) job shadowing. C) supported employment. D) partial employment.
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supported employment.
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Sociosexual education for students with physical disabilities includes instruction in all of the following EXCEPT A) structure and functions of bodies. B) suppression of sexual desire. C) alternative modes of sexual gratification. D) human relationships and responsibilities.
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suppression of sexual desire.
