Ecology-Study of interactions among organisms and their environment – Flashcards
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ecosystem
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all the living things in a given area
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biotic factors
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living things in an ecosystem
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abiotic factors
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nonliving things in an ecosystem
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climate
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average weather in an area over time
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atmosphere
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the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth
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evaporation
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process during which liquid water changes into a gas called water vapor
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condensation
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process during which water vapor changes into a liquid
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precipitation
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water that falls from clouds to Earth's surface
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nitrogen fixation
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process that changes atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds hat are usable by living things
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photosynthesis
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a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy, water, and carbon dioxide into food-energy molecules glucose and give off oxygen
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chemosynthesis
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process during which producers use chemical energy in matter rather than light and make food
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food chains
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a model that shows how energy flows in an ecosystem through feeding relationships
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energy pyramid
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show the amount of energy available in each step of a food chain
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community
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populations of different species that live together in the same area at the same time
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population
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all the organisms of the same species that live in the same area at the same time
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carrying capacity
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largest number of individuals of one species that an environment can support
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habitat
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the place where an organism lives
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niche
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what a species does in its habitat to survive
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producers
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organisms that get energy from the environment
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consumers
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organisms that get energy by eating other organisms
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symbiosis
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relationship between two species that usually involves an exchange of food or energy
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mutualism
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when both species in a relationship benefit
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commensalism
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when one species in a relationship benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed
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parasitism
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when one species in a relationship benefits is harmed and the other is helped
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food web
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a system interlocking and interdependent food chains
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cellular respiration
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a series of chemical reactions that convert food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP
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ATP
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Adenosine Trisphosphate-chemical energy
