question

This equals the mass of an objects * its volume. The unit for this is g/mL.

answer

Density

question

How do you find the volume for an irregular object?

answer

Water Displacement

question

This type of air/water/magma rises because it's less dense

answer

Warm

question

This type of air/water/magma sinks because it's more dense

answer

Cold

question

What else increases when density increases?

answer

Pressure

question

What is the density of liquid water?

answer

1g/mL

question

This form of water is the most dense

answer

Liquid

question

A prediction about a problem that can be tested

answer

Hypothesis

question

A changeable factor in an experiment

answer

Variable

question

Factors that are the same throughout an experiment

answer

Constants

question

True or False, there an be more than one explanation for any phenomena?

answer

True

question

This type of variable is the one that YOU change

answer

Independent Variable

question

This type of variable is the result of the manipulation of the IV

answer

Dependent Variable

question

The part of an experiment where there's no manipulation of the IV (ex. the blank cereal box)

answer

Control

question

Lines that go east-west, but measure north and south of the Equator

answer

Latitude

question

Lines that go north-south, but measure east and west of the Prime Meridian

answer

Longitude

question

True or False, when finding the coordinates of a location, the longitude is first and the latitude is second?

answer

False

question

The closer the contour lines, the ____ the slope.

answer

Steeper

question

Contour lines form V's and point in this direction when there are rivers and creeks present

answer

Upstream

question

The increase in elevation between two adjacent contour lines

answer

Contour Interval

question

This is found in nature, is inorganic, solid, and has a definite chemical composition and structure

answer

Mineral

question

Mineral properties depend on this type of structure

answer

Atomic

question

A way to identify a mineral; it tells us what can scratch the mineral

answer

Hardness

question

The least efficient way to identify a mineral is by it's...

answer

Color

question

The shine of a mineral

answer

Luster

question

The color of the powder in a mineral

answer

Streak

question

This is made of one or more minerals

answer

Rock

question

The most abundant group of minerals that contain silicon and oxygen

answer

Silicates

question

These type of rocks are produced by the cooling of magma or lava and are classified by composition and texture

answer

Igneous

question

Fast cooling rocks with small, fine-grained mineral grains, glassy, air holes present (ex. pumice, basalt, obsidian)

answer

Extrusive

question

Slow cooling rocks with coarse or large mineral grains

answer

Intrusive

question

This type of rock is formed by heat and pressure or chemical action

answer

Metamorphic

question

These metamorphic rocks have banded layers

answer

Foliated

question

These metamorphic rocks do not have banded layers

answer

Non-Foliated

question

This type of rock is formed from rock fragments, organic material, or chemical precipitation

answer

Sedimentary

question

Fossils are found in this type of rock

answer

Sedimentary

question

This type of rock can be classified into three groups, clastic, organic, and chemical

answer

Sedimentary

question

This rock is formed both chemically and organically

answer

Limestone

question

This type of rock is made of fragments (ex. conglomerate, sandstone, shale)

answer

Clastic

question

Coal, oil, and mineral are all these type of resources

answer

Non-Renewable

question

This part of the Earth is made up of the crust and upper mantle

answer

Lithosphere

question

This part of the Earth is made up of the lower mantle

answer

Asthenosphere

question

This crust is thinner, younger, and denser than continental crust

answer

Ocean

question

This crust is thicker, older, and less dense of oceanic crust

answer

Continental

question

This plate will always sink under a continental plate because it's more dense

answer

Ocean

question

These move tectonic plates

answer

Convection Currents

question

Colliding plates which cause folded or thrust faulted mountains, subduction zones (volcanoes & trenches), and reverse faults. It involves compression.

answer

Convergent Boundaries

question

Folded and thrust-faulted mountains are features of these convergent boundary type of zones

answer

Collision Zones

question

Volcanoes and trenches are features of these convergent boundary type of zones

answer

Subduction Zones

question

Dividing plates which cause sea-floor spreading, mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys, and volcanoes.

answer

Divergent Boundaries

question

These slide past each other and produce strike slip faults and earthquakes

answer

Transform Boundaries

question

Wave-like forms made of horizontally compressed rocks; commonly occurs during continental collisions

answer

Folds

question

What type of mountains are the Appalachians?

answer

Folded

question

A break or crack in the Earth's crust where the tectonic plate movement has occurred

answer

Fault

question

How many seismic stations are needed to find the epicenter of an earthquake?

answer

3

question

Which waves travel the fastest and reach the seismic station first?

answer

P Waves

question

Which waves are the second to reach the seismic station and can not travel through liquids?

answer

S Waves

question

Which waves are the last to reach the seismic station?

answer

L Waves

question

____ activity is associated with subduction, rifting, or sea floor spreading, and hot spots.

answer

Volcanic

question

These types of volcanoes form steep sided mountains and have violent eruptions

answer

Cinder Cones

question

These types of volcanoes form low sloping and broad mountains where the eruptions are generally considered quiet and oozing

answer

Shield Volcanoes

question

These types of volcanoes are a combination of cinder cones and shield volcanoes in their actions. They alternately erupt violently and quietly forming layers that show evidence of the varying eruption types

answer

Composite Volcanoes

question

The process of rocks breaking down chemically and physically by water, air, and organisms

answer

Weathering

question

This type of weathering alters the chemical makeup of a rock and occurs in warm, humid climates

answer

Chemical Weathering

question

This type of weathering alters the physical look of a rock and occurs in cold climates

answer

Mechanical Weathering

question

When a rock with a crack in it gets filled with water, which freezes, expands the rock, and then melts

answer

Frost Wedging

question

The process of Earth's materials being transported by moving water, ice, or wind

answer

Erosion

question

What causes erosion?

answer

Gravity

question

Streams and moving water are the major agents of ____.

answer

Erosion

question

The process of Earth's materials being carried by wind, water, or ice and settling out and being deposited

answer

Deposition

question

True or false, smaller particles settle out first?

answer

False

question

The ability for water to move through soil

answer

Permeability

question

Loose rock fragments and clay derived from weathered rock mixed with organic material

answer

Soil

question

An area with caves and sinkholes

answer

Karst Topography

question

What rock is dissolved by acidid groundwater forming caves?

answer

Limestone

question

The amount of space between the soil where the water will move

answer

Porosity

question

True or False, water does not pass through impermeable materials?

answer

True

question

This is formed when more water is being used up than being replenished

answer

Cone of Depression

question

This is a layer of permeable rock that transports groundwater freely and is confined between 2 impermeable rock layers

answer

Aquifer

question

This area is where the water table reaches the land's surface

answer

Spring

question

True or False, ores are not useful and profitable?

answer

False

question

What state has resources including limestone, gravel, and coal?

answer

Virginia

question

Resources that can be replaced by nature at a rate close to the rate at which they are used (ex. vegetation, sunlight, surface water)

answer

Renewable Resources

question

Resources that are renewed very slowly or not at all (ex. coal, oil, minerals)

answer

Non-Renewable Resources

question

This is the remains, impressions, or other evidence of a former existence of life preserved in a rock

answer

Fossil

question

What type of fossils are mostly found in Virginia?

answer

Marine Organisms

question

This is used to find the ages of human artifacts or things that were once living

answer

Carbon-14

question

How old is planet Earth?

answer

4.6 Billion Years

question

What are the 5 physiographic provinces of Virginia?

answer

Coastal Plain, Piedmont, Blue Ridge, Valley and Ridge, and the Appalachian Plateau

question

This VA region is the flattest

answer

Coastal Plain

question

This VA region is an are of rolling hills, igneous and metamorphic rocks

answer

Piedmont

question

This VA region is a high region separating the Piedmont from the Valley and Ridge regions; it has some of the oldest rocks in the state

answer

Blue Ridge

question

This VA region has long parallel ridges and valleys composed of folded and faulted rocks that occurred during the collision of Africa and North American during the Paleozoic Era.

answer

Valley and Ridge

question

This VA region has rugged, irregular topography and is underlain by ancient, flat-lying sedimentary rocks; most of VA's coal is found here

answer

Appalachian Plateau

question

How many high and low tides occur each day?

answer

2

question

The daily periodic rise and fall of water level caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and the moon

answer

Tide

question

Do currents run from warm to cold or cold to warm areas?

answer

Cold to Warm

question

This brings cold, nutrient rich water from the bottom of the ocean to the surface

answer

Upwelling

question

These places are where salt water mixes with fresh water; it's a partially enclosed body of water with open access to the sea or ocean (ex. Chesapeake Bay)

answer

Estuaries

question

What bacteria was responsible for the first oxygen on Earth?

answer

Cyanobacteria

question

These are in the ocean and are generated by wind

answer

Waves

question

Continental shelves, slopes, abyssal plains, and seamounts can all be found in ____.

answer

Oceans

question

What planet has an atmosphere that is 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, and 1% trace gases?

answer

Earth

question

What planet has an atmosphere of mostly carbon dioxide and is very dense?

answer

Venus

question

What planet has an atmosphere that is very thin and is mostly carbon dioxide?

answer

Mars

question

This effect is caused by high CO2 levels.

answer

Greenhouse Effect

question

The transfer of energy from the Sun to the Earth in the form of electromagnetic waves

answer

Radiation

question

The transfer of energy through direct contact

answer

Conduction

question

The transfer of energy through the flow of a heated material and is a major cause of weather in the atmosphere

answer

Convection

question

These form when the air is at or below the dew point and condensation nuclei are present

answer

Clouds

question

This effect causes deflections of the atmosphere and oceans due to the rotation of the Earth

answer

Coriolis Effect

question

This measures humidity

answer

Psychrometer

question

This measures air pressure

answer

Barometer

question

This measures temperature

answer

Thermometer

question

This measures wind speed

answer

Anemometer

question

These are formed due to unequal heating of the atmosphere that causes air pressure differences; they move from high to low pressure areas

answer

Winds

question

these fronts move quickly and produce rain at the front

answer

Cold Fronts

question

These fronts move slow and produce many clouds and long periods of gentle rain

answer

Warm Fronts

question

the typical weather patterns for a given location over a period of many years

answer

climate

question

this climate is cold

answer

Polar

question

This climate is enjoyable

answer

Temperate

question

this climate is hot

answer

Tropical

question

a narrow violent funnel shaped column of spiral winds that extends downward

answer

Tornado

question

a tropical cyclone characterized by winds of 120 km/hr or greater

answer

Hurricane

question

this theory explains that the planets formed from the condensing of our sun or solar nebulae

answer

Solar Nebulae theory

question

What's life cycle consists of nebulae, yellow main sequence star, red giant, white dwarf, and black dwarf?

answer

Sun

question

What kinds of star is the Sun?

answer

Yellow Main Sequence

question

These are the death stage of stars

answer

Black Holes

question

We are located in this, spiral galaxy

answer

Milky Way

question

this telescope has improved our knowledge of the Universe

answer

Hubble space telescope

question

the reason the universe is parting from us

answer

red shift

question

the theory that once the entire universe was stuck together and then exploded creating what we have today

answer

the big bang theory

question

June 21st is what solstice?

answer

summer solstice

question

Dec 21st is what solstice?

answer

winter solstice

question

when the sun is at its most northern or southern point

answer

solstice

question

occur when the sun is directly above the equator

answer

equinoxes

question

the earth rotates in what direction?

answer

W to E

question

does the earth revolve around the sun CW or CCW?

answer

CCW

question

what is the order of the planets?

answer

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

question

a belt of asteroids between mars and jupiter

answer

Asteroid Belt

question

these planets are small, solid, rocky, dense, have fast orbits, and a small # of moons (ex. mercury, venus, earth, mars)

answer

Inner

question

these plants are big, gassy, have rings, and lots of moons (ex. jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune)

answer

Outer

question

there orbit the sun and are mainly frozen gas; dirty snowballs

answer

Comets

question

why does a comet's tail point away from the sun?

answer

Solar wind

question

rock/metallic iron objects in space

answer

Asteroids

question

when the moon blocks out the sun from reaching the earth

answer

Solar Eclipses

question

when the earth blocks out the sun from reaching the moon

answer

Lunar eclipses

question

the sun consists mainly of this gas

answer

Hydrogen Gas

question

the sun's energy comes from this of hydrogen to helium

answer

nuclear fusion

question

these are formed by the condensation of interstellar gas

answer

stars

question

this diagram shows the relationship of stars being hot, dim, bright, and cool

answer

the h-r diagram

question

this type of galaxy is our galaxy, the milky way

answer

spiral

question

this type of galaxy is basically one, huge shape

answer

elliptical

question

this type of galaxy is some small oval shapes

answer

irregular

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