Digestive – Flashcard
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chonic diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, anorexia, weight loss, perennial fistulas, crappy abdominal px
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Crohn's disease symptoms
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sexual contact, infected blood, body fluids. symptoms develop 1-4 months after exposure. appetite loss, fatigue nausea vomiting itching all over pain over LV
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strong predisposition to hep B is
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low hDL and High triglycerides. high risk of cardiovascular event.
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gallstones formation are associated with
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when percussing abdomen, the presence of gas in the stomach, small bowel and colon.
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what is tympany
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most common complication of cirrhosis, associated with increase risk of infection.
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ascites
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liver infection, spread through fecal oral or contaminated food or water.
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Hep A
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proton pump inhibotor and antibioitics.
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how do you treat H pylori
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anti body test, urea breath test, stool, ST biopsy.
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how do you determine h pylori infection
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pain in upper right side or upper middle of abdomen. sharp cramping dull spread to back or below right shoulder. fever nausea vomiting and jaundice.
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main symptom of acute cholecystitis
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protrusion of upper part of stomach into the thorax though a tear ro weakness in diaphram.
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what is a hiatal hernia
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gastroesophageal function moves above diaphragm. main symptom heartburn
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sliding hiatus hernia
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part of stomach
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rolling hernia
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liver slightly enlarged, tender and liver edge in cirrhosis is firm. 4-5 finger breadths
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in acute hepatitis you expect to find
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anorexia, weight loss, abd discomfort, nausea, pain. Worse laying on back relieved by leaning forward.
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cancer of the pancreases earliest signs
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blood in stool, change in bowel, persistent diarrhea vomiting, cramping abdominal pain, bloating, unexplained weight loss, decrease stool size unexplained fatigue.
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early warning signs of colon cancer
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enzyme in LV. Elevated in AST help identify LV disease esp hep and cirrhosis
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what is aminotransferase
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gastrointestinal bleeding, veins in upper stomach lower esophagus can rupture due to portal hypertension caused by cirrhosis of the LV
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black tarry stools are result of
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light colored clay
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gallstones abstructing flow of bile look like
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advanced cirrhosis
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esophageal varices indicates
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expanded blood vessels in esophagus
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varices is
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increased risk of stomach cancer
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absence of hydrochloric acid indicates
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appendicitis
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Aaron's Sign
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ruptured spleen
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Balance Sign
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pertionitis
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blumberg rebound test
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ectopic pregnancy; pacreatitis
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cullen's
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intussuception;bowl folds on it self
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dance's sign
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ruptured ectopic pregnancy or pancreatitis
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grey turner sign
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ruptured ectopic pregnancy or ruptured spleen
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Kehr's
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peritonitis or apendicitis
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markle test
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appendicitis
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mc burney sign
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cholocystitis
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murphy sign
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pernephric abscess
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lewis's punch test
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apendicitis
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obturator sign
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appendicitis
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rovsing sing
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appendicitis
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Psoas sign
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nausea, vomiting low grade fever positive aaron, roving, marble and mc burney sign
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appendicitis
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referred R suscapular pain. vomiting fever possible jaundice.
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cholecystitis
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sudden knifelike px LUQ epugastric or umbilical pain. pain present in blanks, Tenderness fever vomiting shock. positive grey turner, cullen's sign
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Pancreatitis
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abrupt RUQ pain, referred to shoulder tenderness, rebound tenderness
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perforated ulcer
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epigastric pain radiating down to L abdomen after eating, with flatulence, diarrhea tenderness on palpitation
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diverticulitis
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tenderness on palpation RUQ, vomiting jaundice.
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gallstones
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upper quadrant pain tradiatint o left shoulder worse with foot of be elevated. positive kehr's sign
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Spleen rupture
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suddne on set gor gradual. unrelenting muscle guarding, pain on deep inspiration. Positive blumberg, marble, balance reduced bowel sound, nausea, vomiting positive obturator and ilopsoas test
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peritonitis
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sharp pain over lower chest or upper abdomen.
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hiatal hernia
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Burning feeling after eating in the epigastric region, accompanied by hematemesis, tarry stools sudden on set. vomit blood.
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peptic ulcer
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pecptic ulcer or GERD
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burning ab px
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gallbladder inflamation, gallstones, ibs, diarrhea, constipation, flatulence
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Cramping
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appendicitis, crohn's, diverticulosis
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Severe cramping
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pancreatitis or cholecystitis
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stabbing
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Abdomial Bruits
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swishing sound herd over major arteries caused by aortic aneurysm or obstruction in bl vessels creating turbulent blood flow
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hematochezia
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bloody stools, GI bleeding, from anal fissures colitis, colorectal cancer, crohn's disease or hemorrhoids
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hematamesis
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vomiting blood
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venous distention
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enlarged and dilated veins, visible on abdomen due to cirrhosis, liver failure or inferior vena cava obstruction
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Hepatomegaly
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liver enlargement due to cirrhosis hepatitis uncontrolled diabetes leukema or lymphoma
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large intestine, esophagus stomach intestine and rectum
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Barium X ray
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examine colon
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barium enema
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colon, large intestine
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colonoscopy
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gastrointestinal system, diagnose appendicitis, abdominal abscesses and gallstones
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CT scan
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esophagus stomach upper duodenum using an endoscope for abdominal pain, heart burn bomiting, blood, tarry stools, crown's disease.
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EDG
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assess gallstones or bile duct blockage
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ERCP
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view digestive track an organs of alimentary canal
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endoscopy
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monitor esophagus stomach contractions, blockages use with patients who have crohn's
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fluoroscopy
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view the outside of the abdominal organ and cavety
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laparoscopy
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aortic aneurysm, illiac artery aneurysm, tumors in the abdomen.
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MRI
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removes fluid in abdominal cavity
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paracentesis
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x ray of liver and biliary track
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percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
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observe sigmoid colon and rectum
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Sigmoidscopy
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assess liver pancreases gallstones, appendicitis, ovarian cysts and aortic anurysms.
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ultrasonography
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Appendicitis
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loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting constipation diarrhea, inability to pass gas, low fever begins after other symptoms, abdominal swelling
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Celiac Disease
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nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, gas, bloating fatigue, iron def, anemia
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cholecystitis
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nausea, vomiting, jaundice abdominal pain
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cholelithiasis
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pain increase after eating fatty meal, abdominal bloating, colic, indigestion
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cholestasis
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bile duct blockage, causes yellow color
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colon cancer
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blood in fecal constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, unexplained weight loss and fatigue.
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colon polyps
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anal bleeding blood in stool constipation or diarrhea last more than three weeks
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crohn's disease
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abdominal pain in lower right area, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, arthritis, skin problems, fever.
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detect crohn's disease
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barium x ray sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy use to diagnosis
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cystic fibrosis
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birth diffract over recreation of thick mucus that clogs respiratory, pancreatic and gall bladder
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diverticulosis
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cramping bloating, constipation, lower ab px, bleeding, gas.
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diverticulitis
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tenderness around LLQ abdomen, fever nausea, vomiting, chills cramping bloating constipation. can lead to bleeding infections perforations or tears blockages. bleeding constipation
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used to assess diverticulitis
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Sigmoidscopy
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diverticulitis
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low fiber diets cause
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Esophageal Carcinoma
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progressive dyspagia, weight loss, narrowing of esophagus
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Esophageal varicies
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Distention of blood vessels of esophagus
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gastric carcinoma
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weight loss, indigestion possible tenderness on palpitation of left upper quadrant, vomiting of bloody material the look like dark coffee. Smoking and alcohol consumption family history of stomach cancer
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gastritis
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long use of NSAID (aspirin ibrofin causes Inflammation of stomach mucosa this is called
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gastroenteritis
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loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cramps fever abdominal discomfort
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pain buring sensation after eating, dry cough, difficulty swallowing, ulceration inflame of esophagus, dietary changes,
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GERD
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hepatitis
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fatigue, arthralgia, weight loss, jaundice
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Hep B
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blood or body fluid
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Hep A
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fecal oral route
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Hep C
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blood blood contact
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hiatal hernia
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heartburn is an indication of
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Hemorrhoids
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pain defecating, itching, red blood in stool, swelling or bulges around anus, discomfort when sitting caused by low fiber diet straining to hard, pregnancy, obesity, itercorse constipation
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IBS
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alternating constipation and diarrhea with pain relieved by bowel movements
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acute appendicitis
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Rebound px at McBurney's pt, pain worse when leg is lifted, rupture, formation of abscess or peritonitis
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cramping px
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what kind of pain is associated with GB infection, gallstones, ibs diarrhea, constibpation flatulence
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severe cramping px
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what kind of pain is associated with appendicitis crohn's diverticulosis
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stabbing Px
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what kind of pain is associated with pancreatitis/ cholecystitis
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abdominal bruits
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swishing sound over abdomen, aortic aneurysm, partial obstruction in blood vessel eating turbulent blood flow.
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hematochezia
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blood in stool from fissure colitis, colorectal cancer, crohn's disease or hemorrhoids is called
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dyspagia
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difficulty swallowing, due to nerve damage IX or X esophageal stenosis or cancer or esophagus
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Barium x ray
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diagnostic test for esophagus, stomach intestine and rectum.
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colonoscopy
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diagnostic that v news internal surface of the colon, ulcerative colitis
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CT scan
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diagnostic test for appendicitis, abdominal abscesses, gallstones
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EDG
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diagnostic test for abdominal px, heartburn, vomiting, blood, tarry stools, Crohn's disease.
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ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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diagnostic test to assess gallstones or bile duct blockage
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Endoscopy
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diagnostic tool that views inner lining of organs of alimentary canal
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fluoroscopy
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diagnostic tool that monitors esophagus and stomach contractions and views blockages with patients who have Crohn's
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laproscopy
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diagnostic tool to view outside of abdominal organ and cavity.
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MRI
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Scan used in GI system to diagnose aortic aneurysm, iliac artery aneurysm, tumors in abdomen.
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sigmoidscopy
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tool inserted through the rectum to view sigmoid colon and rectum. ulcerative colitis.
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Ultrasonography
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tool to assess liver, pancreases, gallstones, appendicitis, ovarian cyst and aortic aneurysms.
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ulcerative colitis
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ulcers inflam bleeding causing diarrhea. abd px bloody diarrhea, anemia fatigue weight loss loss of appetite rectal bleeding loss of body fluids, nutrients, skin lesion, joint pain, growth failure
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RUQ
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where is GB located
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pepsin
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digestion of proteins is done by
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Crohn's disease
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upper GI series maybe used in diagnosing
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diverticulitis
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tenderness in lower left side of and is a sign of
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pancreatitis
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sudden stabbing pain in ULQ indicate
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IBS
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patient presents with abd px diarrhea bloating no ulcerations detected patient might have
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common bile duct
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what carries bile from liver and GB into the duodenum
