Developmental Psych Final
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. A time when young people are no longer adolescents but have not yet become fully adult is called
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emerging adulthood
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By young adulthood, American youth have already begun poor practices that lead to preventable death. These include all EXCEPT
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speeding
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The leading cause of death among young adults is
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accidents
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The most common source of activity limitation in early adulthood is
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arthritis
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What is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States?
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smoking
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The textbook reports the prime time and place for drinking to occur is
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college
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Important aspects of social environments may promote health. One of these identified in the text is
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social integration
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Active engagement in a broad range of social relationships, activities, and roles is called
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social integration
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The most common cause of female infertility is
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. blockage of the fallopian tubes
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A complex form of cognition defined as active, persistent, and careful considerations, is called ______ thinking.
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reflective
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Which of the following patterns of thinking is associated with postformal thought?
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ability to think both practically and abstractly
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The ability to recognize and deal with one's own feelings and the feelings of others is called
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emotional intelligence
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Which of the following is a component of high emotional intelligence?
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a strong degree of self-awareness
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Recentering refers to the process
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that underlies the shift to an adult identity.
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Recentering is a three-stage process in which the young adult changes from her family of origin in the following ways EXCEPT
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financial independence
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Which personality model focuses on mental, emotional, temperamental, and behavioral attributes?
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trait model
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Currently, developmentalists who ascribe to the normative-stage model believe that people
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continue to follow a sequence of age-related changes throughout adulthood.
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Levinson calls the underlying pattern of a person's life
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life structure
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Dean is at Levinson's age-30 transition. Which of the following would he be most likely to do?
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reexamine his entry life structure
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The cultural expectations for the proper timing of life events, such as getting married or retiring, are called
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the social clock
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The five-factor model of personality emphasizes
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stability of personality characteristics over much of adult life.
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All of the following personality types reflect the typological model of personality EXCEPT
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conflicted
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People who are observed as having adaptability under stress and are well adjusted and self-confident are seen as having ______ personalities.
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ego-resilient
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People who are shy, quiet, anxious, and dependable exhibit ______ personalities.
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. overcontrolled
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. In Sternberg's triangular theory, the three elements of love are
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intimacy, passion, and commitment.
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According to Sternberg, the ultimate pattern of love is __________ love, in which all three components of the triangular theory of love are present.
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consummate
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According to Erikson, middle-aged adults are involved in the crisis of
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generativity versus stagnation.
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According to Erikson, generativity can take the form of
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fostering the development of the young.
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According to Erikson, the virtue of middle adulthood is
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care
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Whitbourne concluded that a person customarily reaches identity equilibrium on the basis of their identity style. All of the following are typical identity styles EXCEPT
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comprehensive
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Identity has been described as the accumulated perceptions of the self, both conscious and unconscious. This means that
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self-perceptions are confirmed or denied throughout a person's lifetime and adjustments are made to this view.
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An attempt to fit a new experience into an existing schema is identity
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assimilation
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According to the text, these factors contribute to life satisfaction EXCEPT
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introversion
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All of the following are problems faced by grandparents raising their grandchildren EXCEPT
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most states put pressure on the grandparents to assume permanent legal custody.
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. According to the text, most siblings
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lose touch with one another during middle adulthood, but reestablish contact during late adulthood
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The longest-lasting relationship in most people's lives is with a
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sibling
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Caregiver burnout refers to
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the exhaustion that occurs in an adult caring for an aged relative.
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. The "sandwich generation" refers to
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adults who are caring for children and elderly parents simultaneously.
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A life stage that some researchers claim represents an adult child's accepting and meeting their elderly parents' needs is called
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filial maturity
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Typically, adult children and their elderly parents
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. generally get along well with each other.
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Intergenerational families that are geographically and emotionally close and have frequent contact and give mutual support are known as
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tight-knit
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The empty nest does not signal the end of parenthood; it is a _______________ to a new stage: the relationship between parents and adult children.
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transition
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Which of the following statements about the "empty nest" crisis is TRUE?
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. It affects some, but by no means all, mothers.
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Some women find the time when their adolescent children leave home difficult, but they are outnumbered by other mothers who
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find the departure of children liberating
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According to the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, people's goals for social interaction include
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finding sources of information.
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. Aging that results from disease, abuse, and disuse is called ______________ aging.
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secondary
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Which kind of aging is most strongly influenced by diet and exercise?
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secondary aging
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Social scientists who study the aged and the aging process are called
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gerontologists
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Life expectancy is defined as:
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The statistical likelihood of length of life, based on age and health status
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The general term for physiologically caused intellectual decline in old age is
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dementia
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The second most common disorder in older adults, involving progressive neurological degeneration and characterized by tremors, stiffness, and unstable posture, is
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Parkinson's disease.
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If you were asked to name the sixteenth president of the United States, you would look for this information in your _______________ memory.
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semantic
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. Even though you haven't played tennis in years, you pick up a racquet and go out and play a pretty decent game. Your memory of how to play tennis is considered _______________ memory.
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procedural
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If you were asked to recall where and when you first learned to drive a car, you would rely on your _______________ memory
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episodic
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. According to Erikson, persons in late adulthood are in the crisis of
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ego integrity versus despair.
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The virtue gained during Erikson's final stage is
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wisdom
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According to Erikson, wisdom includes acceptance of all of the following EXCEPT
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dependency
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Jim must hold a newspaper at arm's length to read it. He should be checked for
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presbyopia
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Hearing loss in middle age is
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most noticeable in the upper frequencies
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Tim has recently realized that he has difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds when he listens to his favorite music on the stereo. His condition is
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presbycusis
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While pain's protective functions remain, in middle adulthood
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both men and women are less able to tolerate pain
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. Shondra's menstrual periods have been irregular for the last several months. Sometimes there have been only 2 weeks between periods, and sometimes she will experience a 50-day cycle. She also now has less bleeding than when she was younger. According to the text, those changes are due to
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a decrease in estrogen levels.
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Which of the following is TRUE about menopause?
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. It is the cessation of ovulation and menstruation. .
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In the United States today, most women who have gone through menopause view it
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positively
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Chronically high blood pressure is called
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hypertension
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Cognitively speaking, __________ are in their prime
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middle-aged adults
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Most participants in the Seattle Longitudinal Study of Adult Intelligence showed no significant reduction in most mental abilities until after the age of
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60
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Cattell and Horn called the ability to remember and use stored information __________
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crystallized
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. Cattell and Horn called the ability to solve new and unusual problems __________ intelligence.
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fluid
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Shawn is good at perceiving relationships and forming concepts. When confronted with a new problem, he can usually solve it. According to Cattell and Horn, Shawn has high __________ intelligence.
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fluid
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During middle adulthood, crystallized intelligence tends to __________, and fluid intelligence tends to __________.
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increase; decrease
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. An important feature of postformal thought is its nature to be
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integrative
