Database Management System Chapter 8 – Flashcards
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inner join
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a join operation in which only rows that meet a given criterion are selected. the join criterion can be an equality condition (natural join or equijoin) or an inequality condition (theta join). the most commonly used type of join
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outer join
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a join operation that produces a table in which all unmatched pairs are retained; unmatched values in the related table are left null
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cross join
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a join that performs a relational product (or Cartesian product) of two tables
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correlated subquery
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a subquery that executes once for each row in the outer query
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set-oriented
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dealing with or related to sets, or groups of things. in the relational model, SQL operators are this because they operate over entire sets of rows and columns at once
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union-compatible
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two or more tables that share the same number of columns and have columns with compatible data types or domains
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view
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a virtual table based on a SELECT query that is saved as an object in the database
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base table
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the table on which a view is based
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CREATE VIEW
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a SQL command that creates a logical, "virtual" table. the view can be treated as a real table
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batch update routine
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a routine that pools transactions into a single group to update a master table in a single operation
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updatable view
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a view that can update attributes in base tables that are used in the view
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persistent stored module (PSM)
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a block of code with standard SQL statements and procedural extensions that is stored and executed at the DBMS server
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Procedural Language SQL (PL/SQL)
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an Oracle-specific programming language based on SQL with procedural extensions designed to run inside the Oracle database
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anonymous PL/SQL block
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a PL/SQL block that has not been given a specific name
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trigger
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a procedural SQL code that is automatically invoked by the relational database management system when a data manipulation event occurs
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statement-level trigger
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a SQL trigger that is assumed if the FOR EACH ROW keywords are omitted. this type of trigger is executed once, before or after the triggering statement completes, and is the default case
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row-level trigger
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a trigger that is executed once for each row affected by the triggering SQL statement. requires the use of the FOR EACH ROW keywords in the trigger declaration
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stored procedure
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(1) a named collection of procedural and SQL statements. (2) business logic stored on a server in the form of SQL code or another DBMS-specific procedural language
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cursor
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a specific construct used in procedural SQL to hold the data rows returned by a SQL query. may be considered a reserved area of memory in which query output is stored, like an array holding columns and rows. are held in a reserved memory area in the DBMS server, not in the client computer
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implicit cursor
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a cursor that is automatically created in procedural SQL when the SQL statement returns only one row
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explicit cursor
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in procedural SQL, a cursor created to hold the output of a SQL statement that may return two or more rows, but could return zero or only one row
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stored function
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a named group of procedural and SQL statements that returns a value, as indicated by a RETURN statement in its program code
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embedded SQL
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SQL statements contained within application programming languages such as COBOL, C++, ASP, Java, and ColdFusion
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host language
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any language that contains embedded SQL statements
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static SQL
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a style of embedded SQL in which the SQL statements do not change while the application is running
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dynamic SQL
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an environment in which the SQL statement is not known in advance, but instead is generated at run time. a program can generate the SQL statements that are required to respond to ad hoc queries
