Java: Variables and Constants, Loop, Methods - Flashcards

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It is best to use the ____ available text editor when writing Java programs.

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Simplest

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Line comments start with ____.

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Two forward slashes

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____ refers to the hiding of data and methods within an object.

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Encapsulation

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A program written in ____ is the most basic circuitry-level language.

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Machine Language

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Programs that are embedded in a Web page are called Java ____.

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applets

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A(n) ____ defines the circumstances under which a class can be accessed and the other classes that have the right to use a class.

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access modifier

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If a compiler detects a violation of language rules, it refuses to translate the class to ____.

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machine code

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The syntax behind any program involves executing the various statements and procedures in the correct order to produce the desired results. (t/f)

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false

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If an object's methods are well written, the user is unaware of the low-level details of how the methods are executed, and the user must simply understand the interface or interaction between the method and the object.(t/f)

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true

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The ____________________ is also called the Java class library; it contains information about how to use every prewritten Java class, including lists of all the methods you can use with the classes.

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Java API

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In programming, named computer memory locations are called ____________________ because they hold values that might vary.

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variables

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hypothetical computer used to run a Java program

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Java virtual machine (JVM)

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a GUI object resembling a window in which you can place messages you want to display

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dialog box

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the characteristics that define an object

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attributes

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allow you to assign intuitive names to areas of computer memory

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high-level programming languages

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translates an entire program before carrying out the statement

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compiler

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the rules for the programming language

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syntax

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any combination of nonprinting characters

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whitespace

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involves executing the various statements and procedures in the correct order to produce the desired results

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logic

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series of characters that will appear in output exactly as entered

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literal string

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The ____ is the type to which all operands in an expression are converted so that they are compatible with each other.

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Unifying type

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A data item is ____ when it cannot be changed while a program is running.

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constant

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A(n) ____ dialog box displays the options Yes, No, and Cancel.

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confirm

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A(n) ____ is a named memory location that you can use to store a value.

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variable

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What is the value of result after the following statement is executed? int result = 2 + 3 * 4;

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14

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Each primitive type in Java has a corresponding class contained in the java.lang package. These classes are called ____ classes .

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type-wrapper

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When you perform _____ , whether the two operators used in the arithmetic expression are integer constants or integer variables, the result is an integer.

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integer division

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The term ________ means to break into component parts.

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parse

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These are the highest and lowest values that you can store in four bytes of memory, which is the size of an int variable.

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The legal integer values are -231 through 231-1.

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A(n) ____________________ is a message requesting user input.

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prompt

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A(n) ____________________ operator compares two items and the result has a Boolean value.

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relational comparison

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true or false

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boolean

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floating-point data type

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float

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Java consistently specifies their size and format

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primitive

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operator is represented by an equal sign (=)

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assignment

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begins with a backslash followed by a character

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escape sequence

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rules for the order in which parts of a mathematical expression are evaluated

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operator precedence

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procedure which may result in loss of data

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cast

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programming term for an unknown value

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garbage

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value which can be used on either side of an operator

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operand

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The arguments in a method call are often referred to as ____.

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actual parameters

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When you write a(n) ____ for a class, you no longer receive the automatically written version.

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constructor

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A(n) ____ is a program module that contains a series of statements that carry out a task.

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method

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A(n) ____ variable is known only within the boundaries of the method.

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local

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A called method is placed before the header or after the closing brace of the ____ , or in a totally different class.

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calling method

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Public classes are accessible by all objects, which means that public classes can be ____ , or used as a basis for any other class.

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extended

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The method ____ is the first line of a method.

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declaration

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When you declare variables in a class, you most often declare _______ instance variables.

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static

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The statements within a method execute only if and when the ______ is called.

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method

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Everything in a Java program is a(n) ____________________, even a class.

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object

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Normally, you declare constructors to be ____________________ so that other classes can instantiate objects that belong to the class.

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public

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used to return value back to the calling method

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return statement

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first line of a method

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header

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variables you declare within a class, but outside of any method

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data fields

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application or class that instantiates objects of another prewritten class

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class user

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data components of a class

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instance variables

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included within the method declaration parentheses

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parameter type

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use without referencing an object

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static method

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communications to a method

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arguments

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variables in the method declaration that accept the values from the actual parameters

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formal parameters

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When you properly ____ a method, you can call it providing different argument lists, and the appropriate version of the method executes.

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overload

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____ variables are variables that are shared by every instantiation of a class.

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class

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A method can receive ____ arguments, even if it is defined as needing double arguments.

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integer

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The keyword ____ indicates that a field value is unalterable.

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final

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Object-oriented programmers use the term "____" when a child class contains a field or method that has the same name as one in the parent class.

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override

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A locally declared variable always ____ another variable with the same name elsewhere in the class.

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masks

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The ____ statement notifies the program that you will be using the data and method names that are part of the imported class or package.

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import

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An alternative to importing a class is to import an entire _______ of classes.

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package

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When you overload a Java method, you write __________ with a shared name.

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multiple methods

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When you pass a(n) ____________________, you pass a memory address.

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reference

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A(n) ____________________ begins immediately after the method declaration and ends at the end of the method.

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outside or outer block

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methods associated with individual objects

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instance methods

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variable comes into existence

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comes into scope

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historically accurate only from March 1, 4 A.D.

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GregorianCalendar

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defines mathematical constants such as PI

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math class

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using one term to indicate diverse meanings

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overloading

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must be explicitly named in an import statement

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optional classes

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an illegal action

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redeclaring a variable

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no object associated with them

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class methods

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You can leave out the ____ statements in a switch structure.

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break

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The ____ operator is written as the exclamation point (!).

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NOT

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Failing to include a complete ____ on each side of an && or || operator in an if statement is a common error in Java programming.

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boolean expression

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When you block statements, you must remember that any you _________ within a block is local to that block.

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declare

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Statements in which an if structure is contained inside another if structure are commonly called ____ if statements.

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nested

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The ____ statement is useful when you need to test a single variable against a series of exact integer or character values.

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switch

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An alternative to using a Boolean expression, such as someVariable == 10, is to store the Boolean expression's value in a______________.

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boolean variable

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____________________ is a tool that helps programmers plan a program's logic by writing plain English statements.

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pseudocode

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You are never required to use a switch structure; you can always achieve the same results with nested ____________________ statements.

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if

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two ampersands

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AND operator

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alternative to using a series of nested if statements

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switch statement

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two possible courses of action.

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dual-alternative

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> or <

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relational operator

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separated with a question mark and a colon

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conditional operator

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used in the OR operator

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pipes

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Logical NOT operator

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!

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double equal sign

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equality

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A loop controlled by the user is a type of ____ loop.

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indefinite

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It is important that the ____ be altered within the body of the loop.

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loop control variable

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You use a unary minus sign preceding a value to make the value ____.

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negative

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The process of repeatedly increasing a value by some amount is known as ____.

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accumilating

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On many keyboards, the Break key is also the ____ key.

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pause

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The order of the conditional expressions in the following is most important within a(n) ____ loop. while(requestedNum > LIMIT || requestedNum < 0)...

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nested

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A loop that never ends is called a(n) ____ loop.

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infinite

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A(n) ____________________ is a body with no statements in it.

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empty body

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If a(n) ____________________ is altered both within the for statement and within the block it controls, it can be very difficult to follow the program's logic.

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variable

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shortcut for incrementing and accumulating

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prefix++

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multiple statements within curly braces

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block

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within parentheses are three sections separated by exactly two semicolons

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for loop

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operate on two values

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binary operators

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part of the Thread class in the java.lang package

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sleep() method

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subtracting 1 from a variable

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decrementing

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technique of combining two loops into one

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loop fusion

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