Computers Chapter 4 – Flashcards
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program or software
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series of related instructions, organized for a common purpose that tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them
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application or app
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program that is designed to assist the user with a particular type of task
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operating system
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set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer or mobile device hardware; serves as an interface between the user-the application software- and the computer software
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productivity (business and personal)
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word processing, spreadsheet, accounting, personal finance
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graphics and media
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computer-aided design, desktop publishing, and disc burning
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personal interest
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lifestyle, medical, entertainment, convenience, education
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communications
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blogging, browser, chat room, VoIP
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security
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personal firewall, antivirus, malware removers, internet filters
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file and disk management
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file manager, search, image viewer, screen saver
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retail software
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mass produced copyrighted software- you can purchase the software from local retail stores online. Sometimes there is a free trial you can access for a limited time prior to purchase
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custom software
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developed by programmers to meet the specific needs of a business or industry
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web app
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application stored on a web server that you can access through a browser; some are free but others come with a charge whether it is o one-time fee or a fee on a regular basis
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mobile app
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app that you download from a mobile device's app store
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mobile web app
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optimized for display in a browser on a mobile device; most use responsive design which means it displays on various devices
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open source software
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has no restrictions from the copyright holder regarding modification of the software's internal instructions or redistribution of the software; usually available on the web and can be downloaded at no cost
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shareware
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copyright protected but it can be downloaded at no cost for a trial period; once the time is up you either purchase the software or lose the temporary download
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freeware
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copyright protected- it is provided at no cost to the user but the developer retains all rights to the software
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public domain software
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donated for public use and has no copyright restrictions- anyone can copy or distribute public domain software
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productivity applications
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can assist you in becoming more effective and efficient while performing daily activities at work, school, and home ex: word processing, presentation, spreadsheet, support services, tax preparation; versatility of its use-you can edit the project, change the appearance of the project, you can save the project for future use, or distribute the project to others
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word processing software
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most widely used application; allows users to create and modify documents containing mostly text and graphics; advantage is you can easily change what was written and have the ability to share the document either in a digital format or hard copy format
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clip art
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collection graphics that can be inserted into a document that would enhance the message in your document
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presentation software
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allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group; presentation can be viewed as a slide show and displayed by a monitor or large projection screen; slide show can run automatically or run manually which will move the slides from one to the next
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spreadsheet software
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allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations; divided into rows and columns; columns are identified by alphabetic characters and rows identified in numeric characters; ability to recalculate
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database
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collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of the data; consists of a collection of tables; you can query
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cell
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identified by the cell address which includes the column letter and the row number
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function
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identify the values that you want included in the operation; you do not have to specify the operators as they built in the function
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formula
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identify the values and the operators; have to apply a cell reference so excel knows whether you want to add, subtract, multiply, or divide;
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database management system
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software tool that allows you to use a computer to create a database, add data, and modify or delete data; ex: Access
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table in database
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divided into columns and rows
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column
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field that contains a piece of information in a database
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row
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record that contains the information about a given person, product, or event
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query
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can use to get data that meets certain criteria, only the records that meet the conditions will be displayed; can use as a source document to create and print a report
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note taking software
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application that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments, drawings, sketches anywhere on a page
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calendar and contact management software
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application that helps you organize your calendar, keep track of contacts, and share this information with other devices or users
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software suite
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collection of individual programs available together as a unit
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project management software
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allows a user to plan, schedule, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a project; helps the user to project variables to keep the project on time and within budget; valuable in the costing and bidding of a project
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accounting software
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application that helps businesses of all sizes record and report their financial transactions; users are able to create and print checks
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personal finance software
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simplified accounting application that helps home users and small/home office users balance their checkbooks, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, verify account balances, transfer funds, track investments, and evaluate financial plans
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legal software
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application that assists in the preparation of legal documents and provides legal information to individuals, families, and small businesses
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tax preparation software
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application that can guide individuals, families, or small businesses through the process of filing federal taxes; after answering questions the software will analyze your situation and determine the correct form and status to be used for filing income taxes
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document management software
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application that provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user
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desktop, mobile, and web apps
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provide a service intended to make business or personal tasks easier to accomplish
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large organization
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commonly referred to as an enterprise, requires special computing solutions because of its size and geographic distribution; contains a wide variety of departments and divisions of functional units; specialized software needs
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computer aided design software
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application software that assists a user to create engineering, architectural, or scientific designs and models
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desktop publishing software
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allows users to create sophisticated documents that contain text, graphics, and lots of color; create textbooks, marketing literature
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paint software
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allows users to draw pictures, shapes, and other graphical images with various on-screen tools; graphic multimedia professionals use; provides the capabilities of this software plus the ability to enhance or modify existing pictures and images
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professional photo editing software
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allows users to edit and customize digital photograph
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video editing software
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allows users to modify a segment of a video the length can be changed and they can reorder the clips or segment
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multimedia authoring software
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allows users to combine text, graphics, audio, video, and animation in an interactive application
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web authoring software
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helps users of all skill levels create webpages that include graphics, video, audio, animation, and special effects with interactive content
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media player
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program that allows you to view images and animations, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer or mobile device
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disc burning software
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writes text, graphics, audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable disc
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lifestyle applications
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get the latest news, sport scores, check the weather
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medical applications
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research symptoms, establish a health or physical program, keep track of eating and exercising habits
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entertainment applications
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listen to music, watch videos, view photos, and read a book
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convenience applications
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obtain driving directions, remotely starting vehicles and locking or unlocking doors
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education applications
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access how to guides and learn and perform a particular skill
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blogging
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time stamped articles or posts; blogging software is necessary to create and maintain a blog
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browsing
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allows users to access and view webpages on the internet
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chat room
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real-time online typed conversation
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FTP
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a method used to upload or download files with other computers on the internet
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videoconference
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meeting between geographically separated people
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web feeds
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keeps track of changed made to websites
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wireless messaging
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short text, picture, or video messages sent and received on mobile devices
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personal firewall
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security tool that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions ; constantly monitor all transmissions to and from a computer and may inform a user attempted intrusions
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antivirus program
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protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files ; scan for programs that attempt to modify a computer's start up files
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spyware
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program placed on a computer or mobile device without a user's knowledge that secretly collects information about the user and then communicates the information it collects to some outside source while the user is online
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adware
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program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window on webpages, email messages, or other internet services
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cookie
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small text file that a web server stores on your computer; typically contain data about you
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spyware remover
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program that detects and deletes spyware and similar programs
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adware remover
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program that detects and deletes adware
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filters
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programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed
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spam
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unsolicited email message; considered junk email
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web filtering software
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program that restricts access to certain material on the web- schools and libraries use
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phishing filters
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warns or blocks and internet advertisement that suddenly appears in a new window on top of a webpage
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phishing
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is a scam in which a perpetrator sends and official looking email message that attempts to obtain personal or financial information from you
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pop-up ad
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internet advertisement that suddenly appears in a new window on top of a webpage
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pop-up blocker
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filtering program that stop pop-up ads from displaying on webpages
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file manager
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tool that performs functions related to file management
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search tool
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is a program, usually included with an operating system, that attempts to locate a file on your computer or mobile device based on criteria you specify
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image viewer
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tool that allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file, such as a photo
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uninstaller
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tool that removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files
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disk cleanup
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tool searches for and removes unnecessary files
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disk defragmenter
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tool that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer's hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster
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screen saver
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tool that causes a display device's screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse activity occurs for a specified time
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file compression tool
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shrinks the size of a file; takes less storage space on your device; ex: zipped files
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PC
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maintenance tool can identify and fix operating system problems and can detect and repair disk problems and includes the capability of improving a computer's performance
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backup tool
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allows users to copy, or back up selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium to another storage location
