Comm Exam 3 – Flashcards
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self-fulfilling prophecy
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During music practice, the conductor informs Sally that she is repeatedly missing the same note. Sally tells herself she will miss the same note in the musical recital. During the recital, she misses the same note that she told herself she would miss.
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reflected appraisal
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The process of seeing ourselves through the eyes of others is known as
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The generalized other
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Jenny is looking through a popular women's magazine. She notices that most of the advertisements deal with beauty, looking young, or losing weight. These social values in media are examples of
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direct definition
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"You are a big, tough boy who doesn't cry" Alice tells her son. Alice's statement is an example of
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Life Scripts
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are the outcome of a largely unconscious process of internalizing the rules, roles, and basic climate for living that we learn from our immediate family
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Secure attachment
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style that tends to develop in children who's caregivers are consistently loving and attentive
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anxious/ambivalent
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Ray is very attentive and supportive to his son Robbie when he is sober, but when Ray drinks he often ignores his son and sometimes verbally abuses him. Robbie never knows which way his father will act. If the father is Robbie's primary caregiver, Robbie is likely to develop which attachment style?
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blind information
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things that others see in us but we do not see in ourselves are known in the Johari Window as
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Uncertainty reduction
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the theory that asserts that people find uncertainty uncomfortable and so are motivated to use communication to reduce uncertainty is known as
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all of the above
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As we interact with the generalized other, we learn which aspects of identity society considers important. Which of the following is emphasized in modern Western culture as key aspect(s) of personal identity and value? [pp. 179-193, I] a. race b. gender c. sexual orientation d. socioeconomic class e. all of the above
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socioeconomic class
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Where we shop, what we wear and what kind of car we drive, who our friends are, and were we live and work are all influenced by our
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a critical judgement about what we personally accept
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A clear understanding of how social perspectives influence our sense of self and guide our behaviors, attitudes, and values should be based on
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all of the above
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To assess ourselves effectively, we should. a.make reasonable social comparisons b.place judgments of ourselves in context c. realize that who we are is always in process d. assess ourselves in the perspective of time e. all of the above
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commitment
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making a decision to remain with a relationship is known as
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the surroundings influence the interactions between the partners in the relationship
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Relationships are embedded in contexts, meaning that
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relationship dialectics
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the opposing ad continuous tensions found in personal relationships are known as
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proximity and similarity
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the two greatest influences on initial attraction in romantic relationships are known as
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Agape
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Single-mother Michelle worked two jobs while her daughters were growing up so they could have everything they need. This style of loving is known as
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navigating
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the process of communication that aims at sustaining intimacy in a romantic relationships in face of changes within the partners and the surrounding context is known as
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relationship culture
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the private understandings, rules, and meanings that couples develop to define who they are
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not be able to share small talk
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one big problem experienced by couples who are separated geographically is
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equity theory
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that people are happier and more satisfied with balanced and equal relationships than unbalanced and unequal ones is known as
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b and c
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Primary among the reason(s) researchers have found on why people do not practice safe sex is/are __________. [p.216, II] a.they don't care b.they found it embarrassing to talk about sex c.drugs and alcohol impaired their rational thought d.a and b e.b and c
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e. "I feel unsafe having unprotected sex."
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In negotiating safer sex with your partner, which of the following would be considered a more constructive approach? a. "Without a condom, you could give AIDS." b."You just don't care about me!" c."If you wear a condom, I'll have sex with you." d."You need to wear a jacket, dude!" e."I feel unsafe having unprotected sex."
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eros
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Passionate, intense, and fast moving love that is not confined to sexual passion and may be expressed in spiritual, intellectual, or emotional ways is known as
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Group
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Three or more people who interact over time, depend on one another, and follow shared rules of conduct to reach a common goal are known as a
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brainstorming group
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Mark and Kevin are in the Spanish Club and have to work on a theme for the upcoming club parade. They decide to eat first let their imaginations go wild and to withhold any criticism at even seemingly bizarre ideas. These three appear to be acting as an
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conformity pressures and time required
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the most significant disadvantages of group discussion are
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all of the above
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Potential advantages of group discussion over individual work include ALL EXCEPT which of the following? a. greater creativity b. greater commitment to decisions made c. greater resources on which to draw d. greater thoroughness e. all of the above are potential advantages of groups
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social climbing
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the attempt to increase personal status in a group by winning the approval of high-status members is known as
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power to
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In describing how she sees her work as a team leader, Robin says that her goal is to help members reach their goals and accomplish objectives that advance them. Robin is expressing which orientation to power?
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b and d
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Group norms __________. a. are established protocols b. are guidelines that regulate how group members act c. are established by the group leader d. grow directly out of interactions within a group e. b and d
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a and b
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Which of the following is (are) characteristic(s) of disruptive conflict in groups and teams? a. personal attacks on another member b. focus on issues of self-interest c. open climate d. win-win approach e. a and b
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all of the above
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Disruptive conflict in groups or teams is marked by communication that __________. a. is competitive b. attempts to wield influence c. reflects a self-interested focus d. fosters defensiveness e. all of the above
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all of the above
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Which of the following is true about organizations? a. All organizations are linked to and are influenced by the context in which they are embedded. b. An organization cannot be understood simply by looking at its internal structure. c. Communication occurs within networks that connect members to one another. d. Most modern organizations rely on a hierarchal structure. e. all of the above
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organizational culture
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the way of thinking, acting, and viewing work shared by members of an organization that reflects the organizations identity known as
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all but a
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Masculine language __________. a. consists of rumors b. is a product of years and years of organizations being run by men c. reflects traditional masculine experiences d. may normalize sexist practices e. all but a
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a and b
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Examples of masculine language that are common in many workplaces include __________. a. "level playing field" b. "battle plan" c. "give birth to a plan" d. a and b e. all of the above
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storytellers
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according to scholars of organizational culture, humans are by nature
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corporate stories
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stories that convert the values, legends, and history of an organization are called
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a rite
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"In my sorority we recognize the sisters that make the dean's list each semester by putting a mini-box of Godiva's chocolates next to their dinner plates," Amy says. "That way, everyone realizes who has done well academically." This is an example of
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a b and c
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Among the challenges for effectively participating in organizational life are __________. a. adapting to diverse needs, situations, and people b. moving in and out of teams c. managing personal relationships on the job d. a and c e. a, b, and c
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workplace bullying
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Bob was telling everyone in the break room that he thought it was a big mistake to hire Laurie because it was clear to him that she was not qualified for her position. Even though Laurie had the credentials and previous experience for the job, Bob was angry that his girlfriend had not been hired instead. He called Laurie "inept" and "under qualified" despite her fine performance on the job so far. This is an example of
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False
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An organization is best understood by simply looking at the organizations operation. True or False
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True
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Workers can belong to physical networks and virtual networks. True or False
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False
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Rites are communication practices that occur regularly in organizations and are routine parts of organizational life. True or False
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True
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Organizational Cultures include rites that blame people. True or False
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False
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Social rituals are routine behaviors that individuals use to express their organizational identities. True or False
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False
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An example of a regulative rule in an organization would be when participating on the company's softball team is interpreted as showing pride in the company.True or False
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False
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An organizational chart is an example of corporate policies. True or False
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False
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Research on organizations tells us that the grapevine is not a reliable source of information. True or False
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False
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Complaining about what has happened on the job during the previous week is a social ritual. True or False
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True
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Friendships between coworkers, and even between supervisors and subordinates, often enhance job commitment and job satisfaction. True or False
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False
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A group is characterized by different and complementary resources of members and by a strong sense of collective identity. True or False
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False
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A small group can exist without interaction among members. True or False
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True
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Groups and teams consist of individuals who have a common goal. True or False
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False
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All groups are teams, but not all teams are groups. True or False
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False
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In brainstorming, its more important to generate high quality ideas rather than just a larger number of ideas.True or False
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True
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Groups are generally more creative than individuals. True or False
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True
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If social climbing doesn't increase the status of those doing it, they often may become marginal participants. True or False
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True
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Leadership may be provided either by one member or several members. True or False
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False
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Leaders are born, not developed. True or False
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False
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Conflict within a group is unnatural and is always counterproductive. True or False
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False
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Most of our relationships are personal, not social. True or False
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False
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Commitment grows out of infatuation brought on by passion. True or False
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True
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personal relationships are influenced by the surroundings. True or False
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True
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Reframing dialectical tensions involves seeing the tensions as not really in the opposition to one another. True or False
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False
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Relationship deterioration always leads to the end of a friendship. True or False
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True
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In romantic relationships similarities attract. True or False
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True
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One important benchmark of an established friendship is the assumption of continuity. True or False
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False
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For couples that are really connected, geographic separation poses little difficulty. True or False
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False
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Once a couple makes a commitment to an intimate relationship is made by a couple, the relationship culture becomes static. True or False
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True
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Marital stability is closely linked to partners perception that child care and housework will be equitably shared. True or False
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True
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Violence between intimates rarely stops without intervention. True or False
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False
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Life scripts are a form of how our friends communicate and influence us. True or False
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True
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A dismissive attachment style is cultivated when the caregiver communicates in a rejecting way to a child. True or False
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False
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Reflected appraisals are judgements that we make when gauge and evaluate others. True or False
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False
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Observing another person to learn more about them is a direct strategy of reducing uncertainity True or False.
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True
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Someone's socioeconomic class is more difficult to pinpoint than either race or sex. True or False
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True
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The values and views endorsed by a society at any given time are arbitrary and subject to change. True or False
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rites
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dramatic, planned sets of activities that bring together aspects of cultural ideology in a single event
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rituals
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forms of communication that occur regularly and that members of an organization perceive as familiar and routine part of organizational life
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eros
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passionate, fast-moving love doesn't have to be sexual can be spiritual or intellectual; example significant other
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storge
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best friend, consistent, comfortable grow gradually to create a stable even keeled companionship; example best friend
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agape
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selfless love, puts others happiness above your own; example family
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weakness of groups
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limits complexity and time constraint
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strengths of groups
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heightened creativity, more resources, enhanced commitments to decisions. synergy which is the collaborative vitality that enhances efforts in groups
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particular others
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people you know personally who shape how you see yourself; reflected appraisal because you see yourself how they see you (ex peers)
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generalized other
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society influences what you think or of (ex magazine)