Combo with "MIS 342–Midtern–Chapter 4" and 1 other – Flashcards
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The entity relationship diagram (ERD) represents the ____database as viewed by the end user.
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conceptual
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The _____notation of entity-relationship modelling can be used for both conceptual and implementation modelling.
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UML
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A(n) ____ is the set of possible values for a given attribute.
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domain
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Ideally, an entity identifier is composed of ___ attributes.
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one
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A ___ attribute can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes.
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composite
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A ___ attribute is one that cannot be subdivided.
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simple
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The conceptual model can handle ____ relationships and multivalued attributes.
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M:N
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A derived attribute is indicated in the Chen model by a ____ that connects the attribute and an entity.
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dashed line
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The decision to store ____ attributes in database tables depends on the processing requirements and the constraints placed on a particular application.
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derived
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A relationship is an association between _____.
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entities
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_____ expresses the minimum and maximum number of entity occurrences associated with one occurrence of the related entity.
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Cardinality
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In the ERD, cardinality is indicated using the ____ notation, where max is the maximum number of associated entities and min represents the minimum number of associated entities.
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(min, max)
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When the specific cardinalities are not included on the diagram in Crow's Foot notation, cardinality is implied by the use of ____.
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symbols
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Knowing the minimum and maximum number of ____ occurrences is very helpful at the application software level.
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entity
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An entity is said to be ____-dependent if it can exist in the database only when it is associated with another related entity occurrence.
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existence
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If an entity can exist apart from all of its related entities, then it is existence-independent, and it is referred to as a(n) ____ entity.
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strong
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A ____ entity has a primary key that is partially or totally derived from the parent entity in the relationship.
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weak
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The existence of a(n) ____entity indicates that its minimum cardinality is zero.
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optional
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The Crow's foot symbol with two vertical parallel lines indicates ____ cardinality.
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(1,1)
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A ____ relationship exists when an association is maintained within a single entity.
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unary
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A _____ relationship exists when three entities are associated.
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ternary
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If an employee within an EMPLOYEE entity has a relationship with itself, that relationship is known as a _____ relationship.
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recursive
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To simplify the conceptual design, most higher-order relationships are decomposed into appropriate equivalent ____ relationships whenever possible.
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binary
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The entity relationship model uses the associative entity to represent a(n) ____ relationship between two or more entities.
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M:N
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When using the Crow's Foot notation, the associative entity is indicated by _____ relationship lines between the parents and the associative entity.
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solid
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If Tiny College has some departments that are classified as "research only" and do not offer courses, the COURSE entity of the college database would be _____ the DEPARTMENT entity.
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optional to
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In organizations that generate large number of transactions, ____ are often a top priority in database design.
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high processing speeds
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Complex _____ requirements may dictate data transformations, and they may not expand the number of entities and attributes within the design.
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information
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Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms. For most purposes in business database design, ____ stages are as high as you need to ...
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Three
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From a structural point of view, 3NF is better than_____.
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2NF
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1NF, 2NF, and 3NF are _____.
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normalization stages
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From a structural point of view, 2NF is better than _____.
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1NF
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____ yields better performance.
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Denormalization
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An attribute that is part of a key is known as a(n) _____ attribute.
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prime
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A table that displays data redundancies yields ______.
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anomalies
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Data redundancy produces ____.
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data integrity
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Some very specialized applications may require normalization beyond the ______.
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4NF
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Of the following normal forms, _____ is mostly of theoretical interest.
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DKNF
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A(n) ______ exists when there are functional dependencies such that Y is functionally dependent on X, Z is functionally dependent on Y, and X is the primary key.
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transitive dependency
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Attribute A _____ attribute B if all of the rows in the table that agree in value for attribute A also agree in value for attribute B.
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determines
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A _____ derives its name from the fact that a collection of multiple entries of the same type can exist for any single key attribute occurrence.
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repeating group
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A relational table must not contain a(n) ______.
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repeating group
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Dependencies based on only a part of a composite primary key are known as ______ dependencies.
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partial
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In a(n) _____ diagram, the arrows above the attributes indicate all desirable dependencies.
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dependency
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A table that has all key attributes defined, has no repeating groups, and all its attributes are dependent on the primary key is said to be in ______.
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1NF
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A table that is in 1NF and includes no partial dependencies is said to be in _____.
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2NF
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If you have three different transitive dependencies, _____different determinant(s) exist.
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three
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Before converting a table into 3NF, it is imperative that the table already be in _____.
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2NF
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A(n) _____ exists when there are functional dependencies such that XY is functionally dependent on WZ, X is functionally dependent on W, and XY is the primary key.
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partial dependency
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If a table has multiple candidate keys and one of those candidate keys is a composite key, the table can have ______ based on this composite candidate key even when the primary key changes...
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partial dependencies
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A table that is in 2NF and contains no transitive dependencies is said to be in _____.
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3NF
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Improving _____ leads to more flexible queries.
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atomicity
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An atomic attribute ______.
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cannot be further subdivided
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The most likely data type for a surrogate key is _____.
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numeric
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Granularity refers to ______.
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the level of detail represented by the values in a table's row
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From a system functionality point of view, _____ attribute values can be calculated when they are needed to write reports or invoices.
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derived
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In a real-world environment, we must strike a balance between design integrity and _____.
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flexibility
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For most business transactional databases, we should normalize relations into ______.
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3NF
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To generate a surrogate key, Microsoft Access uses a(n) _____ data type.
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AutoNumber
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A table where every determinant is a candidate key is said to be in _____.
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BCNF
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In a _____ situation, one key determines multiple values of two other attributes and those attributes are independent of each other.
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multivalued dependency
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BCNF can be violated only if the table contains more than one _____ key.
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candidate
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When a table contains only one candidate key, ______ are considered to be equivalent.
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the 3NF and the BCNF
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Most designers consider the BCNF as a special case of the _____.
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3NF
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A table where all attributes are dependent on the primary key but are independent of each other, and no row contains two or more multivalued facts about...
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4NF
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A table is in 4NF if it is in 3NF, and _____.
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it has no multivalued dependencies.
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When designing a database, you should ____.
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make sure that entities are in normal form before table structures are created
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Normalization represents a micro view of the _____ within the ERD.
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entities
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An example of denormalization is using a ____ denormalized table to hold report data. This is required when creating a tabular report in which the columns represent data....
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temporary
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The conflicts between design efficiency, information requirements, and performance are often resolved through.
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compromises that include denormalization
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Data warehouse routinely uses ____ structures in its complex, multilevel, multisource data environment.
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2NF
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_____ databases reflect the ever-growing demand for greater scope and depth in the data on which decision support systems increasingly rely.
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Data warehouse
