CLHS World History Unit 7 Test Review – Flashcards
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Louis XIV
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Called himself the Sun King, said "I am the state," lived in the Palace at Versailles
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Evangelista Torricelli
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Invented the barometer
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Romanovs
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Ruled Russia during the age of absolute monarchs
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Huguenots
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Protestant Christians who left France during the reign of Louis XIV, causing France's economy to crumble
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Laissez-faire capitalism
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Economic system with minimal government involvement
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Ferdinand II
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First Habsburg to rule Austria
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Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke's ideal form of government
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Democratic republic
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Hohenzollern
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Ruled Prussia during the age of absolute monarchs
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Montesquieu's influence on American government
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System of checks and balances
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Locke's view of the role of government
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Protect the natural right of citizens
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Divine right
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Theory that monarchs are appointed to rule by God
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Social contract
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An agreement in which people give power to the government in return for protection
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Voltaire's influence on American govenrment
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Freedom of speech
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Newton, Galileo, and Kepler
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Scientist associated with the Scientific Revolution
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Name for Philip II's rule of Spain
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Golden Age of Spain
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Mercantilism
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Economic policy of increasing wealth through trade, often through taking raw resources from a colony back to the mother country and then selling the finished product back to the colony
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Heliocentric theory
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The sun is the center of the solar system; Copernicus is credited with creating this theory
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Joseph Priestley
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Separated pure gas from air
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Peter the I (or Peter the Great)
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Tsar who built the city of St. Petersburg and made it the capital of Russia
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Thomas Hobbes
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Enlightenment thinker who supported absolute monarchies
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Frederick the Great
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Prussian leader who led the country to European dominance
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Bourbon
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Ruled France during the age of absolute monarchs
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Zacharias Janssen
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Invented the first microscope
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Thomas Jefferson
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Wrote the Declaration of Independence; later became President of the United States
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Commonly held Enlightenment beliefs
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Slavery should be abolished, natural rights should be protected, governments should be freely elected by the citizens, and everyone should have freedom of speech
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Gabriel Fahrenheit
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Invented the first thermometer
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Hapsburg
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Ruled Spain during the age of absolute monarchs
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Tsar
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Russian title for their king
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Checks and balances
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System which attempts to prevent corruption by ensuring that one section of the government does not gain too much power
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Similarity between Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
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Both emphasized the importance of human reason and rationalization
