CIS Midterm Ch 4 and 5 – Flashcards
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The speed of a central processing unit (CPU) is expressed in cycles called ________.
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hertz
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Modifications to the source code of an open source project cannot be added to the project.
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False
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Host operating systems that run one or more operating systems as applications are referred to as ________.
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Virtual Machines
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A server farm can process only one service request per minute.
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False
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One ________ is equivalent to 1,024 kilobytes
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megabyte
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________ is the process by which one physical computer hosts many different virtual computers within it.
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Virtualization
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Which of the following statements is true of thick-client applications?
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They mostly run on a single operating system
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Magnetic and optical disks are examples of nonvolatile memory
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True
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Which of the following is most likely to be a disadvantage of self-driving cars?
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More accidents??
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________ software provides capabilities that are common across all organizations and industries.
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Horizontal-market application
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Objects connected to a network can share data with any other application, device, or service
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True
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________ are programs that are written to use a particular operating system.
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Native applications
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Application programs can be processed by both clients and servers.
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True
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________ computers have four central processing units (CPUs).
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Quad-processor
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One ________ is equivalent to 1,024 gigabytes.
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terabyte
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A(n) ________ is a program that controls a computer's resources.
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operating system
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The central processing unit is referred to as the brain of a computer.
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True
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Objects that are connected to the Internet are increasingly being embedded with hardware capable of sensing, processing, and transmitting data.
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True
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Microsoft Access and Microsoft Word are examples of thin-client applications.
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False
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The speed and costs of central processing units are the same across multiple hardware vendors
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False
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_______ is a type of computer software that is installed into devices such as printers, print servers, and various types of communication devices.
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Firmware
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A hard drive is much faster than a solid-state storage device.
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False
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USB flash drives are used to back up data and transfer it from one computer to another
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True
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The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer reads data and instructions only from a read-only memory
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False
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The ________ refers to the idea in which objects are becoming connected to the Internet so that they can interact with other devices, applications, or services.
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Internet of Things
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Modifying an existing firmware requires knowledge of special programs and techniques
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True
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A ________ is a collection of 1,024 bytes.
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kilobyte
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Both client and server computers must use the same operating system.
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False
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Which of the following is an open-source operating system?
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Linux
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If the contents of a device are lost when the power is turned off, the memory of the device is said to be ________.
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Volatile
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A bit is either a zero or a one.
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True
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Which of the following refers to software that is developed for a specific and unique need?
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one-of-a-kind application software
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A specification that a computing device has 100 million bytes of memory means that the device could hold up to 100 million characters.
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True
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Open source software is typically free, modifiable, and its source code is publicly available.
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True
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Any programmer or student can access and alter the source code of a closed source project.
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False
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Application programs that run within a browser, without the need to be preinstalled on client computers, are referred to as ________
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thin-client applications
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Computers represent data using binary digits called ________.
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bits
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A host operating system controls the activities of the virtual machines it hosts.
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True
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Saving one's work frequently is advised to tackle the issue of memory volatility.
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True
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Although an operating system does a lot of application-specific work, it does little to make the computer usable.
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False
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High-end computers can have as many as 16 central processing units.
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True
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Which of the following statements is true of an operating system?
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It comes in particular versions that are written for particular types of hardware.
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The memory of a device is said to be nonvolatile if ________ when the system is restarted.
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its contents are retained
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Which of the following is the most widely used operating system in business?
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Windows
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Which of the following is most likely to be an advantage of self-driving cars?
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Fewer accidents will occur
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Computer hardware consists of electronic components that input, process, output, and store data.
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True
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Some computers have two or more central processing units (CPUs).
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True
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An exabyte is equivalent to 1,024 petabytes.
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True
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A virtual machine does not have a disk space
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False
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One gigabyte is equivalent to 1,024 terabytes.
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False
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Bits are grouped into 8-bit chunks called ________.
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Bytes
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Main memory is also called read-only memory.
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False
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A computer's performance depends on the speed of its central processing unit (CPU).
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True
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Optical disks are non-portable storage devices.
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False
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Firefox, Chrome, Opera, and Edge (formerly Internet Explorer) are examples of thick-client applications.
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False
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A terabyte is a larger unit than a petabyte.
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False
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A dual-processor computer has ________ CPUs.
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two
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Which of the following is an advantage of custom-developed software?
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They can be tailored to an organization's requirements
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When individuals buy a computer program, they buy a license to ________
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Use the program
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A ________ is used to receive and process thousands of requests from a large number of users.
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server farm
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The ________ selects instructions, processes them, performs arithmetic and logical comparisons, and stores results of operations in memory.
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Central processing unit (CPU)
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________ is a computer code that is written by humans and understandable by humans.
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Source code
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The lost-update problem caused by multi-user processing in databases can be prevented by avoiding all types of database locking
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False
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SQL stands for ________.
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Structured Query Language
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The format of the metadata in a database depends on the software product that is processing the database
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True
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Databases that carry their data in the form of tables and that represent relationships using foreign keys are called discrete databases.
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False
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Which of the following is true of the relational database processing model?
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It represents relationships with the help of foreign keys
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Security requirements are more stringent for traditional applications than for browser-based ones.
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False
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Which of the following is an open source document-oriented NoSQL DBMS product?
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MongoDB
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Queries in database applications present data in a structured manner using operations such as sorting, grouping, and filtering.
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False
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In a database, a table is also called a ________.
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Field
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A(n) ________ is a program that is used to create, process, and administer a collection of self-describing integrated records.
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Database management system (DBMS)
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Which of the following is considered an administrative function of the database management system (DBMS)?
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adding structures to improve the performance of database applications
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Which of the following best describes a byte in a database?
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It is a character of data
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________ refers to software products that support very high transaction rates, processing relatively simple data structures, replicated on many servers in the cloud.
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NoSQL DBMS
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To find out what a database contains, one can look at the metadata inside the database.
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True
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Most organizations develop their own database management systems.
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False
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In a database, bytes are grouped into ________.
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Columns
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In a database, a key is a column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table.
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True
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In single-user databases, the application, the database management system (DBMS), and the database all reside on a user's computer.
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True
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Which of the following is a database management system (DBMS) product from Microsoft?
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SQL Server
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In a database, rows are also called ________.
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Records
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Reports in database applications provide security, data consistency, and special-purpose processing.
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False
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The database management system (DBMS) provides applications for processing operations such as ________.
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Inserting or deleting information
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Traditional database application programs are written in object-oriented languages such as C++.
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True
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A database management system is also referred to as a database.
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False
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Database management system (DBMS) administrative functions include adding structures to improve the performance of database applications
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True
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Traditional database application programs are written in object-oriented languages like ________.
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Visual Basic
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In a database, the collection of data for all columns is called a file.
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False
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Bytes are grouped into rows in a database.
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False
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In a database, a group of similar rows is called a ________.
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Table
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Howie is a business analyst who is given access to the database of a product prior to its launch. He needs to understand the data presented and take appropriate action. Which of the following is Howie most likely to do?
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use SQL or graphical tools to query the database
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NoSQL database management system products are very technical and can be used only by those with a deep background in computer science
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True
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HyperText Markup Language is an international standard language for processing a database.
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False
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Browser database application forms, reports, and queries are displayed and processed using HyperText Markup Language (HTML).
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True
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Structured query language statements can be issued directly to the database management system (DBMS) by an application program.
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True
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Databases are static and it is only the information systems that change.
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False
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Which of the following elements of a database application provides security, data consistency, and special-purpose processing?
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Application programs
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The database management system (DBMS) can be used to set up a security system involving user accounts, passwords, permissions, and limits for processing the database.
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True
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All traditional databases require the Internet to transmit traffic between a user's computer and a database management system (DBMS) server computer
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False
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The purpose of a database is to ________.
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stores lists of data involving multiple themes
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DB2 is a popular database management system product that is licensed from Microsoft.
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False
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One of the important functions of a database management system (DBMS) is to provide the necessary tools for ________
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administering the database
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A ________ is a collection of forms, reports, queries, and programs that serves as an intermediary between users and database data
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database application
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Databases are required to keep track of lists with multiple themes
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True
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In a database, columns that are keys of a different table than the one in which they reside are known as ________ keys.
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foreign
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In a database, columns are also called records.
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False
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A database application serves as an intermediary between users and database data.
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True
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In a database, a column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table is known as a ________.
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key
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Google is a database that is used by Facebook and Twitter.
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False
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Which of the following elements of a database application presents data in a structured manner using sorting, grouping, filtering, and other operations?
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reports
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The administrative functions of a database management system (DBMS) include backing up database data.
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True
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Which of the following is a drawback of the relational database processing model?
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It was never a natural fit with business documents
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Which of the following best describes the metadata in a database?
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special data that describes the structure of a database
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Browser applications are thin-client applications that need not be preinstalled on the users' computers.
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True
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One of the reasons for the appearance of new styles of nonrelational database processing is the need for ________.
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storing data types such as images, audio, and videos in organizations
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A ________ is a self-describing collection of integrated records
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database
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Access and SQL Server are popular ________ DBMS products
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Microsoft
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Databases that carry their data in the form of tables and represent relationships using foreign keys are called ________ databases.
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Relational
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_______ is a popular enterprise database management system (DBMS) product from IBM
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DB2
