Chpt 9 3030 Child Development – Flashcards
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Like most other babies, Baby Ian seems to prefer this type of sound over any other.
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human speech
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At what age can Baby Isaac identify his mother just by hearing "mommy"?
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about 6 months of age
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Tony and Amy, an American couple, adopt a very young baby from a non-English-speaking country. According to research, will the baby later have difficulty in mastering English?
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No, every infant is born capable of hearing the entire range of phonemes.
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Peter was convinced his son was a genius. Little Petey said the word "dog" at age 15 months. In reality, most infants say their first words around
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age 12 months
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Shauna sees her friend's baby for the first time. When she bends down to speak to the baby, Shauna begins speaking slowly and in an exaggerated manner. Shauna is using
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infant-directed speech.
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Ten-month-old Bonnie wants her teddy bear, but she has dropped it. How does Bonnie likely communicate what she wants to her parents?
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repeatedly points to the toy
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Whenever little Sam sees a vehicle with wheels, he calls it a car. Sam's naming error is known as
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overextension
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This is the most important factor in determining the growth of a child's vocabulary.
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environment
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Generally speaking, a school-age child is more likely to be cordial and polite with
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adults.
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According to research, children learn new words
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in many distinct ways.
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What happens during the naming-explosion period of development?
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Children learn many new words rapidly.
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A high percentage of social phrases in a young child's total vocabulary is indicative of a(n)
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expressive speaking style
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modern research indicates that bilingual children
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are better at understanding the symbolic nature of words.
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The difference between a very young toddler and a 3-year-old speaking is
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the use of pronouns and morphemes.
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Noam Chomsky and other theorists believed that young children learn the rules for grammar
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through semantic bootstrapping.
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The very first language-like sounds made by infants are.
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vowel-like sounds.
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Young children make sounds that resemble speech
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almost from birth.
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At about the time they learn how to talk, babies also begin to
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use gestures to communicate
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This subsystem of language refers to the study of words and their meaning.
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semantics
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One of the first grammar rules that young children learn how to apply is that for
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plurals.
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What is considered the full critical phase for learning language?
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birth to age 12
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Of the following, a preschool-aged child is most likely to understand
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a request.
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Theorists who believe in the social-interaction approach to children's acquisition of grammar believe that
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children learn best through interaction in which they desire better communication
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The following statement would be most typical of an 18-month-old child.
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"Want Mommy."
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Which of the following is the best approach for parents to help teach toddlers good communication skills?
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treating conversations as a shared interaction
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This is a technique that young infants use to naturally learn words.
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paying attention to the beginnings and ends of sentences listening for sound repetition listening for stressed syllables All of the above.
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What development leads to the explosion of speech in young infants?
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the realization that words are symbols
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The research of Shatz and Gelman indicates that young children
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can match the linguistic method to the audience.
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As suggested in a child-development book, Dee tries to use infant-directed speech when talking to her baby. This means that Dee's speaking voice is
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slower and more varied in pitch.
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When learning elements of language, Baby Jose primarily absorbs information through
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visual and auditory cues.
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Children who create words by applying prefixes to known words such as "hungry" or "tired" are demonstrating
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knowledge of grammatical rules.
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At about the time they learn how to talk, babies also begin to
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use gestures to communicate.
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B. F. Skinner believed that children acquired language skills primarily through
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imitation of others.
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This subsystem of language refers to the study of words and their meaning.
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semantics
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The semantic bootstrapping theory proposes that children are born with
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neural circuits that enable language learning
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he first vowel-like sounds that infants make are referred to as
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cooing.
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Around what age do children typically experience the naming explosion?
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18 months
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Which element of language do babies appear to learn first?
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phonemes
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As children learn new words, which of the following do they often use to help decode meanings?
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All of the above.
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As children quickly learn more vocabulary words, they also seem to naturally learn
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grammar.
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"Gimme cookie" is an example of
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telegraphic speech
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in the process of learning English, young babies must learn ____ different sounds.
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45
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When reading to children, the most productive technique for parents to extend their children's language-learning abilities is
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reading and asking questions
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A child's mastery of language begins with two-word sentences, followed by
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Simple questions
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It is highly likely that Baby Chloe's first word will be
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mama or dada.
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One linguistic skill that toddlers are unable to master is
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listening well
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Prudence, a former preschool teacher, realizes that her child won't make the connection between a scale model and a real object until
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age 3
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A key indicator that Baby Elijah understands that sounds actually represent words is his use of
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intonation
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The scaffolding of infants' and toddlers' attempts at conversation by caregivers is
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-NO * largely universal, of little linguistic help to children*
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Research indicates that cochlear implants for deaf children are
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-NO *only useful if full language development took place before hearing loss.*
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Children begin to use intentional communication at about this age.
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-NO *5 months*
