Chp. 17 Science Finals Reveiw – Flashcards
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Chemistry is known as the "central science" because it touches all other sciences, such as Physics and Biology. Physics gives rules to Chemistry, Chemistry explains Biology.
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Why is Chemistry known as "the central science"?
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Molecules are made of 2 or more atoms.
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Are molecules made of atoms or atoms made of molecules?
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The way atoms are chemically bonded together changes.
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What changes during a Chemical Reaction?
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1g of water vapor, because gas is the phase with the most volume.
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What takes up more space; 1g of ice, or 1g of water vapor?
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Physical: Wax melts into a new shape, some wax becomes liquid. Chemical: Candle wick burns to ashes.
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What physical and chemical change(s) take place when a candle burns?
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Chemical Chemical Physical Physical Chemical
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Grape Juice turning to wine: Broken arm heals itself: Rocks become sand: Ice melting: Body Builders gain muscle:
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TRICK! YOU'D BETTER THINK AGAIN! They do not change after a physical reaction! Only an element's physical properties are changed.
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How do chemical bonds change after a physical reaction?
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Periods: 7 Groups: 18
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How many Periods in the Periodic Table? How many Groups?
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Gallium and Francium.
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Name two of the metals that are liquid at room temperature.
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1. What is in the substance. 2. If the substance is a compound.
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What two things does a chemical formula tell us about a substance?
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1. Boron 2. Silicon 3. Arsenic
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Name three of the six metalloids discussed in class.
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1. Did a new substance form? 2. Can you convert the new substance back to its original state?
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What are the two questions one should askto determine if a chemical reaction took place?
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Basic research focuses on a greater understanding of how the natural world operates, and Applied research focuses on developing applications built upn the principles discovered through Basic research.
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What is the difference between Basic research and Applied research?
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Freezing
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Which requires the removal of heat: melting or freezing?
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Boiling
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What is it called when evaporation occurs beneath the surface of a liquid?
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Heat of Vaporization
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Which is greater: water's heat of fusion or its heat of vaporization?
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The force of attraction between 2 atoms that make them bond together.
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What is a chemical bond?
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Because it may appear that some physical qualities of an element changed, while it was actuallya chemical change.
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Why is it sometimes difficult to decide whether an observed change is physical or chemical?
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Because rust is a different material then iron, and because you cannot revert rust back to iron.
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Why is the rusting or iron considered to be a chemical change?
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Properties do change.
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Do properties change or remain the same for elements across any period of the periodic table?
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An atom is a singular part of an element, and element is a large number of atoms all of the same type forming a substance.
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Distinguish between an atom and an element.
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Chemistry is all of these options; by definition, Chemistry is the study of all matter and the transformations that it can undergo. Matter exists in the submicroscopic, microscopic, and the macroscopic.
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Is Chemistry the study of the submicroscopic, the microscopic, the macroscopic, or all three?
