question

Which substance is secreted into the mother's milk in the first day or two after childbirth?

answer

colostrum

question

Among the following, the skill that is generally the first to develop is:

answer

walking well alone

question

A well-nourished newborn gains weight:

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to triple its birth weight by age 1 year.

question

The slowest-to-mature brain lobe is the:

answer

Frontal cortex.

question

Research on SIDS has shown that babies should be:

answer

put to sleep on their backs.

question

When infants turn their heads and suck in response to a touch on the cheek, that is the:

answer

rooting reflex.

question

Children reach half their adult height by age:

answer

2 years.

question

It is important to know the sequence of expected motor milestones because:

answer

reaching motor milestones give an indication of healthy brain development.

question

Which reflex allows newborns to grip so tightly that they can carry their weight?

answer

grasping reflex

question

The reason 6-year-olds are ready to start school is that:

answer

they can scan a page of print. B. they can remember important facts and instructions for more than a few seconds. C. they can control their emotions.

question

The 2-year-old human brain weighs ______ percent of the adult brain.

answer

75

question

The differentiation and specialization of the functioning of the two halves of the brain is called:

answer

lateralization.

question

The best example of a fine motor skill in this list is:

answer

using scissors to cut paper.

question

Gross motor skills such a riding a tricycle are acquired:

answer

through a combination of brain maturation and practice.

question

Writing your name is a ______, whereas kicking a ball is a(n) ______.

answer

fine motor skill; gross motor skill

question

Impulsiveness and perseveration are the same in that they both represent:

answer

an underdeveloped prefrontal cortex.

question

Developing selective attention is:

answer

a good thing. It helps a child focus on the most important element of a situation.

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Among Piaget's major contributions to understanding development was that:

answer

infants learn about the world using their senses and motor skills.

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The ability to remember and imitate other's behavior is referred to as:

answer

deferred imitation

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Using mental combinations to anticipate and solve simple problems takes place in Piaget's Sensorimotor:

answer

stage 6

question

Regarding the Visual Cliff experiment, even 3-month-olds can notice the difference between a solid surface and an apparent cliff. However, one affordance of the cliff, falling, is realized only after:

answer

nfants have been crawling.

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A child is likely to go through a vocabulary spurt at the age of

answer

18 months.

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A good play reinforcer of object permanence would be:

answer

peek-a-boo.

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New adaptation and anticipation are most likely to be found in Piaget's:

answer

stage 4

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After noticing that his 4-year-old brother was having difficulty building a Lego car, Jake helped him with the task by showing him how to do it and involving him in practice. Vygotsky might refer to this as an example of:

answer

guided participation.

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Centration and preoperational thought are important terms offered by:

answer

Piaget.

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That other people can have thoughts and ideas unlike one's own is a good definition of:

answer

theory of mind.

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Overregulation shows a child's understanding of:

answer

grammar.

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Piaget's concept that quantity, amount, or number is the same no matter what the configuration is called:

answer

conservation

question

_________ built on Piaget's theories and research to further explain moral development.

answer

Kohlberg

question

The memory system that retains an impression of stimulus on a sensory organ is called:

answer

the sensory register.

question

When children learn about a particular topic, it is easier to master new learning in that area. This occurs because of the child's ____________.

answer

knowledge base

question

The __________ store is limited in adults (7+/-2) and is even more limited in children.

answer

working memory

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The capacity of the _______ is virtually limitless.

answer

long-term memory

question

According to Piaget, the stage of thinking characteristic of middle childhood is:

answer

information

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I know that I study best by re-writing my notes. The ability to think about my own thinking is defined as:

answer

metacognition.

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One of Vygotsky's most famous concepts was the zone of proximal development, which asserts that:

answer

child can master some tasks with the help of others.

question

child can master some tasks with the help of others.

answer

intuitive; logical

question

myelination

answer

the process by which axons become coated with myelin, a fatty substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulses from neuron to neuron

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automatization

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a process in schich repetition of a sequence of thoughts and actions makes the sequence of thoughts and actions makes the sequence routine, so that it no longer requires conscious thought

question

gross motor skills

answer

Skills that involve the large muscles of the body, such as those of the legs, arms and torso and the ability to make large movements, such as jumping and running

question

fine motor skills

answer

Skills that involve the smaller muscles of the body, such as those in the fingers where small, precise movements, such as using scissors or writing, are required

question

lateralization

answer

Literally, sidedness. The specialization in certain functions by each side of the brain, with one side dominant for each activity. The left side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa

question

growth

answer

cepharcausdal: head down Priximodistal: center out

question

object permanence

answer

recognition that things continue to exist even though hidden from sight; infants generally gain this after 3 to 7 months of age

question

centration

answer

a preoperational thought pattern involving the inability to take into account more than one factor at a time ex:when child is thirsty, they will want to drink out of a big glass because they think it hols more juice

question

holophrase

answer

a single word that is used to express a complete, meaningful thought

question

schema

answer

a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

question

equilibrium

answer

a sensory system located in structures of the inner ear that registers the orientation of the head

question

accommodation

answer

in the theories of Jean Piaget: the modification of internal representations in order to accommodate a changing knowledge of reality

question

assimilation

answer

in the theories of Jean Piaget: the application of a general schema to a particular instance

question

scaffolding

answer

Vygotsky's idea that learners should be given only just enough help so that they can reach the next level

question

guided participation

answer

the process by which people learn from others who guide their experiences and explorations

question

zone of proximal developement

answer

Vgotsky said children rach developmental readiness at diff reates for learning. the phase at which a child can benefit from instruction is called ____

question

theory of mind

answer

people's ideas about their own and others' mental states -- about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts and the behavior these might predict

question

Piaget stage 1

answer

Reflexes

question

P stage 2

answer

First aquired adaptation Actions become more deliberate

question

P stage 3

answer

Making interesting events last

question

P stage 4

answer

Goal directed behavior object permanence

question

Stage 5

answer

New means through active experimentation little scientists

question

Stage 6

answer

Mental combinations deferred imitation

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