chemisty exam – Flashcards

 -273 degrees

a substance that produces hydrogen ions in aqueous soloution

a reaction in which monomers simply ''add together'' to form polymers

373 degrees

 saturated hydrocarbon wuth the general formula CnH2n + 2

an unsatuarted hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon double bond

CnH2n

an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a carbon-carbon triple bond

a negative ion

a solution in which water is the dissolving

medium os solvent

the fundermental unit in which elements

are composed

a small unit of mass equal to

1.66x10 -24

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6.022x10 23

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a substance that produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution

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when a metal reacts with a non metal

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contains a metal can can form more than one type of cation usually a transition metal resulting in using a roman numeral to determine the compound

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when a non metal combines with a non metal

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the energy required to break a

given chemical bond

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a solution where ther is a presence of a weak acid and its conjugated base

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a positive ion

t

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he change of substance inot othhe substances through reorganisation of the atoms

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a substance with constend composition that can be broken down into elements by chemical process

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what remains of an acid molecule after a

proton is lost

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the species formed;when a proton is

added to a base

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two species related to each other by donating and accepting of a single

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a property of matter representing the mass oer unit; volume

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a molecule composed of two atoms

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the attrative force resulting when polar molecules line up such that the positive and negative ends are close to each other

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a property of a molecule whereby the charge distribution can be represented by a centre of positive charge and a centre of negative charge

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a bond which two atoms share two pairs of electrons

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the tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to its self

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a substance that can not be created nor distoyed by physical or chemical means

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a process in which energy (as heat) flows out of the system into the surroundings

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solid, liqid or a gas

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a mixture that has different properties in different regions of the mixure

eg rocks in water

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a mixture that is the same throughout

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usually strong dipole-dipole attractions that occur among molecules in which hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative atom

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relatively weak interactions that occur between molecules

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interactions that occurwithin a given molecule

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an atom or a group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge

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the attraction between oppositely charged ions

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a compound that results when a metal reacts with a non metal to form cations and anions

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the quantity of energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion

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atoms of the same element (the same number of protons) taht have different numbers of neutrons. they have identical atomic numbers but different mass numbers

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energy due to the motion of an object

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a model that assumes that an ideal gas is composed of tiny particles (molecules) in constent motion

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a given compound always contains elements in exactly the same proportion by mass

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the relatively weak forces which exsit among noble gas atoms and non polar molecules, that involve an accidental dipole that includes a momentary dipole in a neighbour

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an electron that is localized on a given atom

(lewis structuer)

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moles of solute per volume of solution in liters

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the mass in grams of one mole of a compound

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a statement that expresses generally observed behaviour

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a particle in the atomic nucleus with a mass approximately equal to that of a proton but has no charge

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the small dense centre of a positive charge in an atom

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a covalent bond in which the electrons are not shared equally because one atom attracts them more strongley than the other

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a large, usually chain-like molecule built from many samll molecules (monomers)

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;positively charged particle in an atomic nucleus;

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a process of studying natural phenomena that involves making observations forming laws and theories, and testing theories by exerimentation

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a bond in which two atoms share one pair of electrons

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a homogeneous mixture

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a set of assumptions put forth to explain some aspect of the observed behaviour of matter

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a bond in which two atoms share three pairs of electrons

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something that ccan be witness and recorded

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agrees with the various observation

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involves no number

the chemistry book is heavy

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involves a number

the chemisrty book is 3kg

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mass

volume

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odur, colour,volume,state (solid,liquid and gas)

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a change in the overall apperance of a substance

eg wood burning leaving a reidue of ash

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different forms of a given element

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closley packes oppositely charged ions