Chemistry Chapter 5 – Flashcards

109.5

Part B : Smallest bond angle in ClF4-, 90 degrees

120 degrees For the molecules in which there are no lone pairs of electrons on the central atom the electronic geometry is the same as the molecular geometry. The molecular geometry of a molecule describes the three-dimensional shape of just the atoms

XeCl2 has 8 + 2(7) = 22 valence electrons. There are five pairs of electrons about the central Xe atom. The structure will be based on a trigonal bipyramid geometry. The most stable arrangement of the atoms in XeCl2 is a linear molecular structure with a 180° bond angle.

a trigonal bipyramidal 5 + (5x7) = 40 valence electrons. If you draw the Lewis structure, the central Sb atom has 5 Fs around it with single bonds and each of those Fs have 3 lone pairs to meet their octet. As a result, the structure will have 40 electrons and there is no need for double bonds or extra lone pairs. The Sb has 5 bonds around it and no lone pairs, so it will be trigonal bipyramidal

SEESAW 7 + (4x7) -1 = 34 electrons. If you draw the I in the middle and give everything its octet, you wind up with 32 electrons. So add a lone pair to the I. This makes it a see-saw. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nUog5gCsEk

6 + (3x6) +2 = 26 electrons. With the Se in the middle surrounded by 3 Os, you need 3 lone pairs on each O and 1 lone pair on the Se for everything to have its octet. This adds up to 26 electrons. The Se has 3 bonds and 1 lone pair, so it is trigonal pyramidal.

6 + (4x6) +2 = 32 electrons. The Cr is surrounded by 4 Os and if you give each O its octet, your structure has 32 electrons. As the Cr has 4 bonds and no lone pairs, it becomes tetrahedral.

a)Tetrahedralkk b)tetrahedral. c)Tetrahedral d)bent shape b)SO2Cl2 has structure Cl-O-S-O-Cl which has two lone pairs on the sulphur and two bonding pairs. Taking the VSEPR around the central sulphur only, we have a bent shape. However, it is also possible that sulphur is a central atom with all four atoms attached to it i.e. no lone pairs and four bonding pairs, because the bonds with the oxygen atoms are double bonds. The atom may seem strange, but take S as the central atom and you have to remember that sulphur can expand its octet to have more than eight electrons. Hence, by VSEPR theory, these regions of electron density will try and be as far apart as possible to minimize electrostatic repulsion.

c) 2 lobes of unequal size The sp3 hybrid is made from the s and 3p orbitals. s has one orbital, 3p has 3, so together they form 4 orbitals. four orbitals will produce a tetrahedral shape. The atom is in the center, and the orbitals stretch out into each corner Hopefuly this logic train will be forming a picture in your mind, if you have been studying, you should have some possibilities already in mind. Each sp3 hybrid is shaped like a bowling pin with the atom in the "handle." so teh correct answer is

sp3

C)sp

SP2

two ? bonds and one ? bond.