question

Chemistry

answer

the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes

question

Organic Chemistry

answer

the study of most carbon-containing compounds

question

Inorganic Chemistry

answer

the study of non-organic substances, many of which have organic fragments bonded to metals (organometallics)

question

Physical Chemistry

answer

the study of the properties and changes of matter and their relation to energy

question

Analytical Chemistry

answer

the identification of the components and composition of materials

question

Biochemistry

answer

the study of substances and processes occurring in living things

question

Theoretical Chemistry

answer

the use of mathematics and computers to understand the principles behind observed chemical behavior and to design and predict the properties of new compounds

question

Chemical

answer

any substance that has a definite composition

question

Basic research

answer

carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge, such as how and why a specific reaction occurs and what the properties of a substance are

question

Applied research

answer

carried out to solve a problem

question

Technological development

answer

typically involves the production and use of products that improve our quality of life

question

Mass

answer

measure of the amount of matter

question

Matter

answer

anything that has mass and takes up space

question

Atom

answer

smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element

question

Element

answer

pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom

question

Compound

answer

substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded

question

Extensive properties

answer

depend on the amount of matter that is present

question

Intensive properties

answer

do not depend on the amount of matter present

question

Physical property

answer

characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

question

Physical change

answer

a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

question

Change of state

answer

a physical change of a substance from one state to another

question

Solid

answer

has definite volume and definite shape

question

Liquid

answer

has a definite volume but an indefinite shape

question

Gas

answer

has neither definite volume nor definite shape

question

Plasma

answer

high-temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons, particles that make up atoms

question

Chemical property

answer

relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances

question

Chemical change or Chemical reaction

answer

change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

question

Reactants

answer

the substances that react in a chemical change

question

Products

answer

the substances that are formed by the chemical change

question

Mixture

answer

blend of 2 or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties

question

Homogeneous

answer

uniform in composition

question

Solutions

answer

homogeneous mixtures

question

Heterogeneous

answer

not uniform throughout

question

Pure substance

answer

has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture in that every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same characteristic properties and every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same composition

question

Groups or Families

answer

the vertical columns of the periodic table

question

Periods

answer

the horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table

question

Metal

answer

an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor. It is malleable, ductile, and has high tensile strength

question

nonmetal

answer

is an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity and is brittle

question

Metalloid

answer

is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals. They are solid at room temperature. They tend to be less malleable than metals, but not as brittle as nonmetals. Some have a somewhat metallic luster. They tend to be semiconductors of electricity

question

Noble Gases

answer

elements in group 18 of the periodic table and are generally not reactive. Elements of this group are gases at room temperature.

question

What is the difference between a compound and an element?

answer

An element only has one atom, while a compound combines two atoms through chemical bonds.

question

Is H2O a compound or element?

answer

compound

question

Is O2 a compound or element?

answer

element

question

Is mass an extensive property or intensive property?

answer

extensive

question

Is density an extensive property or an intensive property?

answer

intensive

question

Is color an extensive or an intensive property?

answer

intensive

question

Is conductivity an extensive or an intensive property?

answer

intensive

question

Is volume an extensive or an intensive property?

answer

extensive

question

Is freezing point an extensive or an intensive property?

answer

intensive

question

Describe the difference between a chemical and a physical change

answer

A physical change is a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance, while a chemical change is a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances.

question

Physical or chemical? Hair curls when the humidity increases

answer

P

question

Physical or chemical? Meat blackens when cooked too long on a barbecue

answer

C

question

Physical or chemical? The steel in a car has rust spots

answer

C

question

Physical or chemical? Alcohol burns forming carbon dioxide and water

answer

C

question

Physical or chemical? Milk curdles if a few drops of vinegar are added

answer

C

question

Physical or chemical? Salad dressing separates into layers after standing

answer

P

question

Physical or chemical? Spilling acid on cotton jeans creates a hole in them

answer

C

question

Physical or chemical? Dry ice gradually vaporizes

answer

P

question

Physical or chemical? Sugar dissolves in water

answer

P

question

Physical or chemical? Alka Seltzer neutralizes stomach acid

answer

C

question

How do a solid, a liquid, and a gas differ?

answer

Solid molecules are all connected and vibrate in place. Liquid molecules are close together but can move past one another. Gas molecules move very rapidly and are great distances apart.

question

What is the difference between a mixture and a pure substance?

answer

A mixture is when 2 types of matter blend and each retain its own identity and properties. A pure substance has fixed composition and every sample has exactly the same characteristic properties and composition.

question

Is milk pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogeneous

question

Is wood pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogeneous

question

Is salad dressing pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogeneous

question

Is steel pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Homogeneous

question

Is pond water pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogeneous

question

Is air pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Homogenous

question

Is a teaspoon of sugar pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Pure

question

Is aluminum foil pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Pure

question

Is a bag of various colored marbles pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogeneous

question

Is a teaspoon of sugar dissolved in water pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Homogeneous

question

Is beach sand pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogenous

question

Is blood pure, homogeneous, or heterogeneous?

answer

Heterogeneous

question

Which are classified as a solution?

answer

Homogeneous ones= steel, air, and a teaspoon of sugar dissolved in water

question

What process would you use to separate a mixture of 3 liquids, all with different boiling points?

answer

distillation

question

In the following chemical reaction, sodium + water -> hydrogen + sodium hydroxide, which are the reactants? What could be substituted for the arrow?

answer

1. sodium and water 2. yields or forms

Chemistry Chapter 1 Flashcard

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards