Test Questions on Chemistry – Chemistry – Flashcards
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| Chap 12- Limiting Reactants (LR) |
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| limit the amount of product produced |
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| Chap 12- Stoichiometry |
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| the study of the measure of the amount of its substances that are involved in reactions |
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| Chap 12- Excess (E) |
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| extra reactant that does not get used |
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| Chap 12- Law of Conservation of Mas |
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| you cannot create or destroy matter, you cannot end with more |
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| Chap 12- Percent Yield |
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| Chap 12- How to find Limiting Reactants |
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| Chap 12- Mole-Mole |
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| Chap 12- Mass-Mol |
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| Chap 12- Mass-Mass |
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| Chap 12- Mole-Mass |
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| Chap 12- Theoretical Yield |
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| Chap 13- Solid |
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| a phase of matter that has a low compressibility, a high density, and a definite shape |
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| Chap 13- Liquid |
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| a phase of matter that has medium compressibility, a medium density, and takes the shape of it's container |
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| Chap 13- Gas |
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| a phase of matter which has high compressibility, low density, and no definite shape. |
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| Chap 13- Boiling Point |
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| the temperature were a substance boils |
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| Chap 13- Melting Point |
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| the temperature where a assistance melts into a liquid |
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| Chap 13- Phase Diagram (a.k.a But Crack Diagram) |
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| Chap 13- Sublimation |
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| going from a sold phase straight to gas |
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| Chap 13- Triple Point |
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| the point where all three phases of matter are at equilibrium |
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| Chap 13- Graham's Law |
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| The lighter the gas, the faster it spreads |
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| Chap 13- Diffusion |
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| from high ---> low, rate depends on mass |
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| Chap 13- Law of Partial Pressure |
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| PT=P1+P2... |
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| Chap 13- Critical Point |
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| The highest temperature at which a substance can no longer exist as a liquid, only as a gas |
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| Chap 13- Freezing and Boiling Point Graph |
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| Chap 14- STP |
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| 1atm,and 273k |
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| Chap 14- Particle Motion |
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| rapid, fast, elastic collisions, NO kinetic energy is lost |
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| Chap 14- Ideal Gas Law |
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| PV=nRT n=moles |
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| Chap 14- To find molar mass |
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| M= DRT/P M=molar mass |
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| Chap 14- Rule for dissolving |
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| Like dissolves like |
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| Chap 14- To find density |
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| D= MP/RT M= molar mass |
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| Chap 14- Combined Gas Law |
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| Chap 14- Avagadro's Law |
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| Chap 14- Molar Volume |
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| The volume occupied by one mole of a substance- Mv |
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| Chap 15- Boiling Elevations and Freezing Point Depression |
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| The higher the concentration in the solution the higher the boiling point |
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| Chap 15- Colligative Properties |
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| Depend on the concentration of the solution 1. color 2. texture 3. smell/taste 4. electrolytes 5. boiling point/ melting point |
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| Chap 15- Dilute |
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| less concentrated |
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| Chap 15- Concentrated |
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| Very Concentrated |
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| Chap 15- Colloid |
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| heterogeneous, Tyndall effect, ex. fog |
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| Chap 15- Tyndall effect |
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| when light scatters molecules, like in Fog, or flour in bottle |
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| Chap 15- Molarity |
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| is concentration |
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| Chap 15- saturated |
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| it is at its capacity for matter it can hold |
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| Chap 15- unsaturated |
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| it has space to carry more matter |
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| Chap 15- Factors to inc. solubility |
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| 1. stirring 2. heating 3. inc. surface area 4. concentrations *catalyst |
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| Chap 15- Henry's Law |
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| Inc. Solubility= Inc. Pressure ex. soda |
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| Chap 15- solutions |
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| solute- smaller amount solvent- bigger amount(water) |
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| Chap 15- solubility and temperature |
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| gases inc. temp. = dec. solubility solids inc. temp.= inc. solubility |
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| Chap 15- supersaturated |
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| is holding more matter then normal |
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| Chap 15- Molarity |
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| M=n/L |
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| Chap 15- Molality |
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| m=n/kg |
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| Chap 19- Indicators |
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| Litmus paper, Phenolphthalein , Ph paper |
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| Chap 19- Phenolphthalein |
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| turns pink ONLY for BASES |
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| Chap 19- Litmus paper |
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| Blue->Red=Acid=BRA Red->Blue=Base=RBB |
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| Chap 19- Ph |
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| hot colors are acid, cool colors are base, green is neutral. 1-14 1-6= acid 7= neutral 8-14= base |
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| Chap 19- Amphoteric |
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| Being both an acid and a base, like water H2O |
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| Chap 19- Lewis Acids and Bases |
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| Acids are H DONORS Bases are H ACCEPTERS |
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| Chap 19- Conjugate Acid/Base |
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| related opposite |
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| Chap 19- Neutralization |
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| when an acid and a base are used to make water and a salt and the base and the acid are in equilibrium, when it is turned neutral. |
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| Chap 19- Titration |
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| a way to find concentration of an acid or base by neutralization it in a solution with a unknown concentration. MAVA = MBVB |
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| Chap 19- Acid Properties |
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| sour, corrosive,is an electrolyte, covalent, ionizes, dehydrating agent, exists as an aqueous solution |
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| Chap 19- Base Proprties |
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| bitter, corrosive, slimy, is an electrolyte, ionic, dissolves, breaks up oil and fat, dehydrating agent |
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| Chap 19- To find the Ph or POH |
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| -log it to find the Ph, and -log to find the POH and subtract from 14. The number you log must be the Molarity (M) |
