Chemical Reactions Answers – Flashcards

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What is a Chemical Reaction?
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Process which matter combines or breaks a part to form new kinds of matter with different properties.
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What is kinetic energy?
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Energy of motion
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What is potential energy?
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energy stored in an object because of its position relative to others
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What is the Law of Conservation of matter?
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energy is neither created or destroyed, just changes form
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What is a hydrocarbon?
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A compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
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What is a chemical equation?
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a symbollic method of representing a reaction
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What is an exothermic reaction?
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It releases energy
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What is an endothermic reaction?
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It absorbs energy
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what is the law of conservation of mass?
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Mass is neither created nor destroyed
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What is a precipitate?
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insoluble solutions formed through a chemical reaction in a solution.
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What is a product?
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substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
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What is a reactant?
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Substance that is a starting material before a chemical change.
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What is the activity series?
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List of elements in which each will replace all below it but not above.
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The number of _________ you have at the start must = the number of ________ at the end.
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atoms.
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What is energy?
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The ability to cause a change in matter.
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H2, N2, Cl2,I2, O2, F2, and Br2 are all examples of what?
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Diatomic molecules
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What is a Combustion reaction?
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an exothermic reaction in which heat is released and a substance combines with OXYGEN forming products in which all elements are combined with ocygen.
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Combustion reactions are cpmmonly called________
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Burning
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What is the general equation for Combustion?
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CxHy+O2 ---> CO2+H2O

 

The x and y are variables and change depending on the hydrocarbon. Other substances such as wood, charcoal, paper, sugar, iron, and magnesium will burn with oxygen.

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What is a Synthesis Reaction?
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In a synthesis reaction, the reactants are all elements which combine to form a compound. It takes two substances to form one compound.
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What is the general equation for a synthesis reaction?
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A+B--->AB

 

You can use the general formula to predict what the product might be if two elements were meant to react. If the charge of an element varies, predict both possibilities.

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What is Decomposition?
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A compound breaks down to form 2 or more substances
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What is the general equation for decomposition?
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AB--->A + B
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What is Dissociation?
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It is where an ionic compound breaks apart into its compound ions when dissolved.
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Most decomposition reactions are _____________
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Endothermic

 

(require energy)

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Dissociation is all about ________'s charges.
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ion
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What is a simple replacement reaction?
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One element takes place of another element as a part of a compound

;

*subscripts not carried over

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What is the general equation for single replacement?
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A+BC---> BA+C

 

*Metals replace Metals. Nonmetals replace Nonmetals.

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Replacement reactions are ___________
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Nonreversible
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What is a double replacement reaction?
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The positive metal ion combines with the negative of the other and vice versa
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What is the general equation for Double replacement reactions?
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AB+XY--->AY+XB
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If both products are soluble the reaction will or will not happen?
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will not
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In double replacement reactions, you must look at the chart to see if_________
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The products are soluble or nonsuluble
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What are chemical changes influenced by?
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Temperature, Pressure, physical state and other conditions.
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